Evolution of the hectocotylus in Sepiolinae (Cephalopoda: Sepiolidae) and description of four new genera Author Bello, Giambattista text European Journal of Taxonomy 2020 2020-05-29 655 1 53 journal article 21713 10.5852/ejt.2020.655 fadee126-7da7-47d9-b9ac-973697ecf9f5 2118-9773 3888797 0042EFAE-2E4F-444B-AFB9-E321D16116E8 Eumandya gen. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 6FB7B832-3CFA-4914-842A-A526390BFCFD Fig. 9 (the generic name used in the caption is the former one) Type species Euprymna pardalota Reid, 2011 , here designated. Diagnosis Sepiolinae with fins rounded; their length about half mantle length.Arm suckers in two longitudinal rows. Tentacle club suckers in 6 to 14 longitudinal rows. Mantle-head occipital band broad, extending over the ocular globes. A pair of kidney-shaped photophores on ventral surface of ink-sac. Gladius absent. Ventral mantle margin faintly sinuate or with slightly deep funnel indentation. Hectocotylus (male left arm I) bipartite: proximal part, occupying ¾ to ½ of arm, with regular suckers, except for pedicel of 3 rd sucker in ventral row lengthened, papilla-like (may bear vestigial sucker at its tip); distalmost part, occupying ⅓ to ½ of arm distally, with lengthened columnar sucker pedicels, closely packed longitudinally bearing reduced suckers and not connected with each other by any web. Female bursa copulatrix pouch-like. Included species Euprymna pardalota ( Reid, 2011 ) gen. et comb. nov. , E. parva (Sasaki, 1914) gen. et comb. nov. and E. phenax (Voss, 1962) gen. et com. nov. Etymology This genus is named in honour of Amanda Reid (Australian Museum Research Institute, Sydney) for her outstanding contribution in the field of cephalopod taxonomy, including Sepiolinae . The generic name is derived by the combination of Mandy, the diminutive name by which she is known to her friends and colleagues, and the prefix Eu - in order to keep the assonance with the sister genus Euprymna . Gender feminine. Discussion of affinities The members of Eumandya gen. nov. , namely parva , pardalota and phenax , were formerly assigned to Euprymna because of the palisaded distalmost part of the hectocotylus, which, despite minor differences, is a unique feature of the clade ( Eumandya gen. nov. , Euprymna ). In addition to the readily evident difference in number of longitudinal sucker rows on arms, i.e., biseriate arrangement in Eumandya gen. nov. vs tetraseriate arrangement in Euprymna , minor differences include the lack of well-developed fleshy caps on the columnar suckers and the lack of lengthwise connections between the ventral columnar pedicels in the former genus. An additional sign of possible hectocotylian primordiality in Eumandya gen. nov. is the presence of one-single-modified-stalk in the copulatory apparatus; in most Euprymna s.s. species it is composed of two or three papillae. Remarks Eumandya pardalota gen. et comb. nov. and E. parva gen. et comb. nov. are deemed sister species (Reid, pers. com.; Sanchez et al. 2019 ). The latter authors rightly removed parva from Sepiola , as previously understood, based on both morphological features and genetic analyses ( Sanchez et al. 2019 ). Their decision is congruous with both the absence of modified dorsal sucker pedicels in the formation of the copulatory apparatus of the hectocotylus and the presence of palisaded suckers in its distalmost part, which characters do not pertain to Sepiola . The distribution of the members of Eumandya gen. nov. is limited to the eastern Indian-western Pacific Oceans.