New shallow-water sponges (Porifera) from the Galápagos Islands
Author
Sim-Smith, Carina
Author
Hickman, Cleveland
0000-0002-2914-4687
hickman.c@rockbridge.net
Author
Kelly, Michelle
0000-0001-9673-0056
elly@niwa.co.nz
text
Zootaxa
2021
2021-08-02
5012
1
1
71
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5012.1.1
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.5012.1.1
1175-5326
5158062
56C6852D-AAE0-4B6B-AB57-919CD62DAEC1
Tedania
(
Tedania
)
tropicalis
Aguilar-Camacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2018
(
Fig. 24
,
Table 9
)
Tedania
(
Tedania
)
tropicalis
Aguilar-Camacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2018: 1312–1317
, fig, 3a, 4, table 1
Material examined.
MCCDRS9471,
Daphne Minor Island
,
0.394° S
,
90.351° W
,
9 m
,
16 Jun 2001
;
MCCDRS9472,
Daphne Minor Island
,
0.394° S
,
90.351° W
,
8 m
,
21 Jan 2003
;
MCCDRS9475,
Punta Vicente Roca
,
Isabela Island
,
0.049° S
,
91.558° W
,
8 m
,
16 Jan 2003
;
MCCDRS9473,
Las Marielas
,
Isabela Island
,
0.597° S
,
91.092° W
,
4 m
,
2 Dec 2004
;
MCCDRS9474,
Las Marielas
,
Isabela Island
,
0.597° S
,
91.092° W
,
9 m
,
2 Dec 2004
.
Type
locality.
Mazatlán
,
Mexico
.
Habitat and distribution.
Mexican Pacific and
Galápagos Islands
;
1–21 m
.
Description.
Thinly encrusting sponge,
5–10 mm
thick, with a finely punctate surface. Inflated asterose aquiferous drainage canals are visible all over the surface in life, and are obvious in the preserved specimen (
Fig. 24C
). Numerous membranous oscules,
2–4 mm
in diameter, are scattered over the surface, raised slightly on volcano shaped turrets. Colour in life is bright orange, interior is mustard yellow, colour in ethanol is beige (
Fig. 24A –B
). Texture is compressible, friable.
Skeleton.
Brushes of tylotes are present in the ectosome. The choanosome is a loose plumo-reticulation of styles and onychaetes (
Fig. 24D
).
Spicules.
Megascleres
—Tylotes, with microspined heads; 175 (119–207) × 3 (2–5) µm (n = 60) (
Fig. 24F–G
). Styles, smooth, sharply curved near the proximal end; 185 (160–215) × 6 (3–10) µm (n = 60) (
Fig. 24E
).
Microscleres
—Onychaetes; 137 (107–198) µm (n = 60) (
Fig. 24H–I
).
TABLE 9.
Spicule measurements of
Tedania
(
Tedania
)
tropicalis
.
Measurements are given as mean (min–max). A minimum of ten spicules are measured per category.
| Specimen |
Styles (µm) |
Tylotes (µm) |
Onychaetes (µm) |
| MCCDRS9471 |
180 (173–197) × 5 (4–8) |
172 (162–184) × 3 (2–5) |
145 (107–198) |
| MCCDRS9472 |
180 (160–192) × 4 (3–7) |
174 (161–185) × 3 (2–3) |
137 (116–149) |
| MCCDRS9473 |
196 (185–204) × 9 (7–10) |
191 (177–207) × 4 (3–5) |
138 (117–149) |
| MCCDRS9474 |
197 (180–215) × 7 (3–9) |
181 (159–197) × 4 (3–5) |
134 (108–143) |
| MCCDRS9475 |
175 (160–188) × 5 (3–7) |
161 (119–175) × 3(2–4) |
124 (115–135) |
Remarks.
Specimens of
T.
(
T.
)
tropicalis
collected from the
Galápagos Islands
correspond well with the morphology and spicule sizes of the original description of the species (tylotes 150–210 µm; styles 150–215 µm; onychaetes 90–180 µm) collected from the Mexican Pacific (
Aguilar-Camacho
et al.
2018
). This is the first record of
T.
(
T.
)
tropicalis
from the
Galápagos Islands
.
FIGURE 24.
Tedania
(
Tedania
)
tropicalis
Aguilar-Camacho, Carballo & Cruz-Barraza, 2018
.
A.
MCCDRS9475,
in situ.
B.
MCCDRS9471, deck photo;
C.
MCCDRS9474, preserved.
D.
Cross section from MCCDRS9475.
E.
Styles.
F.
Tylote.
G.
Close up of the tip of a tylote.
H.
Onychaete.
I.
Close up of the tips of an onychaete (all SEM images from MCCDRS9471).
One species of
Tedania
has been previously recorded from the
Galápagos Islands
:
Tedania
(
Tedania
)
galapagensis
Desqueyroux-Faúndez & Van Soest, 1996
. That species has slightly longer styles and tylotes than our specimens, and two size classes of onychaetes.
Order
Tethyida Morrow & Cárdenas