A revision of Gomphostemma (Lamiaceae)
Author
Bongcheewin, Bhanubong
Author
Ingrouille, Martin J.
Author
Paton, Alan J.
text
Kew Bulletin
2022
2022-03-30
77
1
27
92
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12225-021-09991-y
journal article
10.1007/s12225-021-09991-y
7615581
28.
Gomphostemma nutans
Hook.f.
(
Hooker 1883: 695
);
Prain (1891: 228)
;
Mukercee (1920: 206)
.
Type: India, Khasia, Oct. 1829,
Simons
s.n. (K [Herb. Hookerianum, K000826323], lectotype selected here)
.
Climbing herb.
Stems
slender, scrambling, obtusely quadrangular with longitudinal grooves, with stellate hairs and sometimes dendroid hairs.
Leaoes
petiolate or subsessile, chartaceous; blades ovate or elliptic-ovate, 2 – 12 × 2 – 6 cm, apex acute, margin serrate or obtusely serrate, base attenuate, cuneate or obtuse, upper side with stellate hairs and sometimes simple hairs, lower side with dense stellate hairs; petiole 3 – 20 mm long.
Inflorescence
terminal or terminal and axillary, 20 – 110 mm long, congested; verticils few-flowered; subtending bracts present, spathulate, obovate, lanceolate or ellipticlanceolate, 10 – 20 × 2 – 10 mm, apex acute, margin entire or serrate, base attenuate, with dense stellate hairs on both sides; bracteoles linear, 3 – 10 mm long.
Flowering calyx
infundibular, 10 – 13 mm long, 10-ridged, outside with dense stellate hairs, inside glabrous below and densely tomentose above; tube 3 – 5 mm long; lobes spreading, lanceolate-ovate, 5 – 8 mm long, apex acute or slightly acuminate.
Fruiting calyx
infundibular, 11 – 13 mm long; tube 2 – 5 mm long; lobes lanceolate-ovate, 5 – 8 mm long, apex acute, margin sometimes slightly revolute.
Corolla
yellow, 20 – 33 mm long, throat inflated, abruptly dilated near the throat; tube slender, incurved, 13 – 30 mm long, outside tomentose, inside with an annulus of simple hairs; posterior lip ovate, 3 – 6 mm long; anterior lip 3-lobed, spreading, 8 – 10 mm long, margin undulate.
Staminal filaments
fleshy, tomentose.
Style
slightly fleshy, glabrous, shorter than corolla with apex subequally lobed.
Nutlets
1 – 2, obovate or ovate, 3 – 2 mm long, wrinkled.
DISTRIBUTION.
India (Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur), Burma.
Map 5
.
SPECIMENS EXAMINED.
INDIA. Assam. Bamanigaon [Bamungaon, 26.9165°, 92.1665°], Sal Forest, near sea level, 3?ec. 1929,
Koelz
22266 (E);
Nagaland. Naga Hills, Narum, 1300 m [3000 ft],?ec. 1905,
Meebold
5203 (K);
Meghalaya. Khasia, Oct. 1829,
Simons
s.n. (lectotype K [Herb. Hookerianum)];
ibid.,
Lobb
s.n. (K [Herb. Hookerianum]);
Khasia, Nunklow, 1030 m [3300 ft], 2 Nov. 1851,
Clarke
16302 (lectoparatype K [Herb. Hookerianum]);
Khasia, Nya Bungalhi, 530 m [2300 ft], 3 Oct. 1883,
Clarke
20623A (K);
Manipur. Mairing [22.53°, 92.3665°], Naga Hills, 1300 m [3000 ft],?ec. 1905,
Meebold
5185 (E);
Kanglatongbi [Kanglatongi, 22.9833°, 93.9°], 900 m [3000 ft], 3 Oct. 1923,
3ullock
633 (K);
On the way to Nungba [22.53°, 93.2333°], 900 m [3000 ft], 2 Jan. 1882,
Watt
6662 (K).
MYANMAR.
Sagaing. Tamu, Upper Chindwin [22.6°, 93.1°],?ec. 1905,
Meebold
5398 (E, K);
near Kendat [23.5333°, 92.2333°], Sept. 1890,
Prazer
352 (K);
Suigon, Katha [22.1833°, 96.33°], 20 Nov. 1908,
Lace
2211 (E 2 sheets, K).
HABITAT.
In hill evergreen forest, 530 – 1300 m.
CONSERVATION STATUS.
Gomphostemma nutans
has AOO of 20 km
2
. Google Earth imagery shows the evidence of habitat loss due to agricultural activity but the habitats in India remains intact. Hence, the Least Concern (LC) category is applied.
PHENOLOGY
. Flowering and fruiting September – January.
NOTES.
Gomphostemma nutans
is easy to recognise by its climbing habit with slender stem. The specific epithet ‘
nutans
’ which means nodding may derive from the specimen mounted in an artificial position, rendering the inflorescence in a nodding state. It is a similar case for the species name of
Clinacanthus nutans
(Burm.f.) Lindau
(Bongcheewin
et al.
2019). The inflorescence may be upright in nature.