A review of fossil taxa of Microphorinae (Diptera, Dolichopodidae sensu lato), with redescription of the Eocene genus Meghyperiella Meunier
Author
Shamshev, Igor V.
Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
Author
Perkovsky, Evgeny E.
Schmalhausen Institute of Zoology NAS of Ukraine, vul. B. Khmelnytskogo, 15, Kiev, 01030 Ukraine. & Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia
text
Zootaxa
2022
2022-06-08
5150
3
411
427
journal article
72886
10.11646/zootaxa.5150.3.6
c8c16c97-1eae-42d2-9ab3-750dc14ea775
1175-5326
6623125
D59052B5-85CD-466F-B4EB-812226DC913E
Key to fossil taxa of
Microphorinae
1 Wing cell cua truncate apically; cell dm absent (dm-m crossvein absent) (
Grimaldi & Cumming 1999: 62
, fig. 40). [Additional characters: male head dichoptic; frons with 3 pairs of fronto-orbital setae]. (
Avenaphora
Grimaldi & Cumming
).......... 2
- Wing cell cua rounded apically; cell dm present............................................................. 3
2 Veins M
1
and M
2
not quite reaching wing margin; anal lobe of moderate size. Larger, wing length
0.96 mm
. (Lower Cretaceous, Barremian,
Lebanon
).........................................................
A
.
hispida
Grimaldi & Cumming
- Veins M 1 and M 2 distinctly reaching wing margin; anal lobe weakly developed (
Nel
et al
. 2017: 3
, fig. 2). Smaller, wing length
0.7 mm
. (Upper Cretaceous, early Santonian,
France
)............................
A
.
gallica
Nel, Garrouste & Daugeron
3 Wing with two M veins beyond cell dm.................................................................... 4
- Wing with three M veins beyond cell dm................................................................... 5
4 Wing with cell dm almost parallel-sided, narrow; closing vein (i.e., base of M
2
+ dm-m crossvein) straight (
Tang
et al
. 2019: 3
, fig. 2). Male head dichoptic, with eye margins converging toward antennae. (Upper Cretaceous, lowermost Cenomanian,
Myanmar
)..............................................
Pristinmicrophor hukawngensis
Tang, Shi, Wang & Yang
- Wing with cell dm broadened toward apex; closing vein (i.e., base of M
2
+ dm-m crossvein) smoothly undulating. Male head holoptic. (Eocene; Baltic region,
Ukraine
)..................................
Meghyperiella porphyropsoides
Meunier
5 Eyes covered with ommatrichia. Male: eyes separated by narrow frons, with margins converging toward antennae and meeting just above them (Lower Cretaceous, Barremian,
Jordan
)...................................
Curvus khuludi
Kaddumi
- Eyes bare. Male: eyes contiguous on frons (holoptic), with frons usually represented only by small subtriangular space just above antennae (unknown in
Microphorites erikai
,
M
.
extinctus
,
M
.
moravicus
,
M
.
similis
,
M
.
utrillensis
)............... 6
6 Scutellum with 1 pair of setae (unknown in
Microphorites oculeus
); postpedicel abruptly tapered, broadened at base and constricted distally (lateral view) (e.g.,
Grimaldi & Cumming 1999: 59
, fig. 38). [Some doubts may be in
Microphor rusticus
that, however, possesses two pairs of scutellar setae]............................................................. 7
- Scutellum with 2–3 pairs of setae; postpedicel more or less evenly tapered, usually subtriangular (lateral view), sometimes drop-shaped (
Microphorites similis
) or very short, almost onion-shaped (
M
.
pouilloni
)............................. 10
7 Wing with brownish pterostigma (
Tkoč
et al
. 2016: 187
, fig. 7); postpedicel elongate, nearly 4X longer than basal width, stylus shorter than postpedicel (
Tkoč
et al
. 2016: 187
, fig. 9). (Cretaceous (Cenomanian) / lower Paleogene,
Moravia
)..........................................................................
Microphorites moravicus
Tkoč, Nel & Prokop
- Wing without pterostigma; postpedicel shorter, at most 2X longer than basal width, stylus longer than postpedicel........ 8
8 Costa ending as strong vein at R 4+5. [Additional characters: postpedicel 2X longer than basal width, stylus nearly 2X longer than postpedicel (
Grimaldi & Cumming 1999: 59
, fig. 38)] (Lower Cretaceous, Barremian,
Lebanon
).......................................................................................
Microphorites oculeus
Grimaldi & Cumming
- Costa ending as strong vein just beyond R 4+5 (
M
.
magaliae
) or between R 4+5 and M 1 (
M
.
deploegi
)..................... 9
9 Wing with anal lobe weakly developed, anal angle obtuse; crossvein dm-m concave (
Nel
et al
. 2004: 25
, fig. 3). [Additional characters: postpedicel nearly 2X longer than basal width (
Nel
et al
. 2004: 24
, fig. 2)]. (Lower Cretaceous, uppermost Albian,
France
)............................................
Microphorites deploegi
Nel, Perrichot, Daugeron & Néraudeau
- Wing with anal lobe strongly developed, anal angle 90°; crossvein dm-m straight (
Perrichot & Engel 2014: 32
, fig. G2). [Additional characters: postpedicel nearly 1.5X longer than basal width (
Perrichot & Engel 2014: 31
, fig. G1, 2)]. (Upper Cretaceous, Turonian,
France
)....................................................
Microphorites magaliae
Perrichot & Engel
10 Wing with anal lobe strongly developed, anal angle 90°...................................................... 11
- Wing with anal lobe weakly developed, anal angle obtuse.................................................... 14
Note.
Since the anal lobe margin is unknown in
Microphorites similis
, this species is included in both sections.
11 Wing with brownish pterostigma. [Additional characters: vein CuA+CuP (anal vein) more or less distinct but fine, extending slightly beyond midway to wing posterior margin (
Hennig 1971
: figs 17, 19); acrostichal setae arranged in 3–4 irregular rows on about middle part of mesoscutum; postpedicel short, at most 1.5X longer than basal width, with slightly deeper concave dorsal margin distally (
Hennig 1971: 5
, fig. 4)] (Upper Eocene; Baltic region)..............
Microphor rusticus
(Meunier)
- Wing without pterostigma............................................................................. 12
12 Postpedicel drop-shaped, 1.7X longer than basal width (
Grimaldi & Cumming 1999: 58
, fig. 37); notopleural setae not differentiated from acrostichals/dorsocentrals. Male unknown (Lower Cretaceous, Barremian,
Lebanon
) [See also couplet 17].....................................................................
Microphorites similis
Grimaldi & Cumming
- Postpedicel elongate subtriangular, 2.5–3X longer than basal width (
Brooks
et al
. 2019: 127
, fig. 5); notopleural setae stronger than acrostichal and presutural dorsocentral setae. [Additional character: Male: hypopygium with medial hypandrial prolongation (
Brooks
et al
. 2019: 127
, fig. 7)]. (
Schistostoma
)........................................................ 13
13 Male
: fore tibia truncate apically, bearing laminate, spine-like setae along ventral margin (
Brooks
et al
. 2019: 127
, fig. 6).
Female
unknown. (
Upper Cretaceous
, lowermost
Cenomanian
,
Myanmar
)......
S
.
burmanicum
Brooks, Cumming & Grimaldi
- Male: fore tibia acute apically, bearing fringe-like marginal setae (
Brooks
et al
. 2019: 127
, fig. 8). Female unknown. (Upper Cretaceous, lowermost Cenomanian,
Myanmar
)............................
S
.
foliatum
Brooks, Cumming & Grimaldi
14 Wing with brownish pterostigma; scutellum with 3 pairs of setae. (Lowermost Eocene,
France
).............................................................................................
Microphorites erikai
Bramuzzo & Nel
- Wing without pterostigma; scutellum with 2 pairs of setae.................................................... 15
15 Postpedicel very short, 1.2X longer than basal width; stylus 3.8X longer than postpedicel (
Ngô-Muller
et al
. 2020: 2
, fig. 1A, D); wing with base of M
2
nearly as long as crossvein dm-m (
Ngô-Muller
et al
. 2020: 2
, fig. 1B) (Upper Cretaceous, lowermost Cenomanian,
Myanmar
)..............................................
Microphorites pouilloni
Ngô-Muller & Neal
- Postpedicel longer, at least 1.7X as long as basal width; stylus at most 2X longer than postpedicel; wing with base of M
2
much shorter than crossvein dm-m........................................................................... 16
16 Wing with crossvein dm-m arched (
Hennig 1971
: fig. 21). [Additional character: female eye with upper ommatidia distinctly enlarged.] (Lower Cretaceous, Barremian,
Lebanon
).................................
Microphorites extinctus
Hennig
- Wing with crossvein dm-m straight (
Grimaldi & Cumming 1999: 58
, fig. 37;
Arillo
et al
. 2008: 34
, fig. 3).............. 17
17 Postpedicel drop-shaped, 1.7X longer than basal width; stylus about 2X longer than postpedicel; scutellum with strong apical and fine lateral setae; costa extending as strong vein to R
4+5
. (Lower Cretaceous, Barremian,
Lebanon
). [See also couplet 12]................................................................
Microphorites similis
Grimaldi and Cumming
- Postpedicel subtriangular, bilaterally symmetrical, nearly 3X longer than basal width; stylus nearly as long as postpedicel (
Arillo
et al
. 2008: 33
, fig. 2); scutellum with equally strong setae; costa extending as strong vein to M
1
. (Lower Cretaceous, Albian,
Spain
)..............................................................
Microphorites utrillensis
Peñalver