Six new species of the planthopper genus Usana Distant, 1906 (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha: Achilidae) from China Author Long, Jian-Kun Author Yang, Lin Author Chen, Xiang-Sheng text Zootaxa 2015 3947 4 489 507 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.4.2 07c18b01-cb5c-42ce-9c6e-1ad58c4ab13b 1175-5326 239136 51F5E38A-C7CC-4AB2-9630-099405A1D619 Usana unispina sp. nov. ( Figs 21–24 , 97–108 ) Measurements. Body length (from apex of vertex to tip of forewing): male 5.2–5.6 mm (n = 29), female 5.6–6.4 mm (n = 33); forewing length: male 4.4–4.8 mm (n = 29, female 4.8–5.0 mm (n = 33). Coloration . Yellow to dark brown. Head yellow, vertex with a longitudinal dark brown stripe along midline, narrowing apically ( Figs 21, 23 , 97 ); rostrum with apex brown; genae with a short transverse brown stripe and a broad transverse dark brown stripe before the eyes and beneath antennae ( Figs 22, 24 , 98 ); antennae light brown; eyes reddish brown, ocellus yellowish white ( Fig. 98 ). Thorax yellow, in dorsal view ( Figs 21, 23 , 97 ) with a broad longitudinal dark brown stripe behind eyes and a broad longitudinal dark brown stripe between lateral carinae, narrowing anteriorly; mesonotum in lateral view ( Figs 22, 24 ) with a longitudinal dark brown stripe beneath tegula. Forewing dark brown with costal margin from subbasal to basal 1/3 of second costal cell and clavus along the middle respectively with a longitudinal yellow stripe; apexes of veins Sc2, R1, Rs and M1a respectively with a yellow marking ( Figs 21–24 , 100 ). Hindwing pale brown, veins brown. Legs and abdomen yellowish brown. Head and thorax. Ratio of vertex at posterior margin width to length in midline 1.8. Ratio length of frons in midline to maximum width 1.1, ratio maximum width to width at apex 1.6. Ratio length of postclypeus in midline to length of frons 0.7. Ratio of apical to subapical segment of rostrum 1.3. Ratio length of pronotum in midline to length of vertex 0.7. Mesonotum in midline 6.2 times longer than pronotum, 2.5 times longer than pronotum and vertex combined. Forewing with ratio of length to maximum width 2.9. Hindwing with ratio of length to maximum width 2.0. FIGURES 97–108. Usana unispina sp. nov. 97. Head and thorax, dorsal view; 98. Head, lateral view; 99. Face; 100. Forewing; 101. Hindwing; 102. Anal segment, dorsal view; 103. Male genitalia, lateral view; 104. Pygofer and genital style, ventral view; 105. Left genital style, dorsal view; 106. Left genital style, ventral view; 107. Aedeagus, dorsal view; 108. Aedeagus, ventral view. Scale bars: = 1 mm (Figs 100 – 101); 0.5 mm (Figs 97 – 99, 103 – 104, 107 – 108); 0.2 mm (Figs 102, 105 – 106). FIGURE 109. Geographic distribution of Usana species in China: U. aspergilliformis sp. nov. ( ○ ); U. concava sp. nov. (●); U. congjiangensis sp. nov. (◊); U. fissura sp. nov. (∆); U. lineolalis (□); U. oblongincisa sp. nov. (▲); U. unispina sp. nov. (♦); U. yanonis (★). Male genitalia. Anal segment in dorsal view ( Fig. 102 ) with apical margin broadly concave in middle, maximum width at basal half, ratio length to maximum width 1.3, anal stylet with apex just not exceeding apex of anal segment; in lateral view ( Fig. 103 ) with apical half much more slender than basal half, bent ventrally. Pygofer in lateral view ( Fig. 103 ) with dorsal margin shorter than ventral margin; anterior margin subangular concave at dorsal 1/3; posterior margin subtruncate with inner posteriorly gives rise to 2 stubby processes; medioventral process of pygofer in ventral view ( Fig. 104 ) with apical 1/4 branching into 2 small processes. Genital style with apex roundly convex, ratio width of apical half to width of basal half 0.5, dorsal margin gives rise to 2 short sharp processes and a slender sharp process; inner surface near anterior margin with a finger-like process distinctly longitudinally dehiscent from basal to subapical, directed outwards ( Figs 105–106 ). Aedeagus with phallobase in dorsal view ( Fig. 107 ) with dorsal lobe with its apical margin roundly convex, each side of apex respectively with a bent lateroapical process with apical margin roundly convex, directed basad, the left one slender, finger-like, the right one large and clinging the dorsal lobe, of which surface with a single big spine in the middle, near left margin; ventral lobe in ventral view ( Fig. 108 ) with inner margins of both sides ventrally ridged, of which the left with a longitudinal group of teeth near outer margin, and the right with a longitudinal group of teeth along inner margin; subapical surface in middle gives rise to a long process with its apical margin broadly convex, directed basad; left lateral lobe at subapex with a short process with apical margin rounded ( Figs 107–108 ). Apex of phallic appendage with one big spine. Type material. Holotype : ♂, CHINA , Guizhou : Leishan, Leigongshan National Natural Reserve ( 26°20'N , 108°17'E ), scrubland, 9–11 July 2011 , J.-K. Long. Paratypes , Guizhou : 28 ♂♂, 31 ♀♀, same data as holotype , J.- K. Long (11 ♂♂, 14 ♀♀), W.-B. Zheng (10 ♂♂, 13 ♀♀), Z.-M. Chang (7 ♂♂, 4 ♀♀). Sichuan : 1 ♂ , Chaping ( 31°40'N , 104°17'E ), Mianyang, scrubland, 20–22 July 2010 , Z.-M. Chang. Etymology. The species name is derived from the prefix “ uni- ” and the Latin word “ spina ”, which refer to the aedeagus with phallobase in dorsal view with single spine on surface of dorsal lobe ( Fig. 107 ). Host plant. Alangium platanifolium (Sieb. et Zucc.) Harms. Distribution. China (Guizhou, Sichuan). Remarks. Usana unispina is similar to U. congjiangensis but differs from the latter in: vertex with a longitudinal dark brown stripe along midline (without stripe in U. congjiangensis ); pronotum and mesonotum with areas between lateral carinae dark brown (yellow in U. congjiangensis ); aedeagus with phallobase with surface of dorsal lobe with a big spine (without in U. congjiangensis ). The host plant information for Usana oblongincisa presented in this paper was retrieved from the collectors.