The botanical legacy of Thomas Hardwicke’s journey to Srinagar in 1796
Author
Turner, Ian M.
text
European Journal of Taxonomy
2015
2015-01-06
108
1
25
journal article
22437
10.5852/ejt.2015.108
41d54399-b903-4b22-afab-dec75fdf804f
2118-9773
3779322
Linum trigynum
Hardwicke’s description of this species is brief:
“It is perennial, shrubby, grows to a spreading bush about four feet high, stem and branches erect, slender, piped. It makes a handsome appearance with its numerous yellow flowers ...”
But I believe that it is adequate to validate Roxburgh’s name
Linum trigynum
. It was accepted as such by botanists of this period. However, it is an illegitimate later homonym of the name of a European flax species described by Linnaeus.
Dumortier (1822)
described the same plant under the name
Reinwardtia indica
, which is the correct name for the species.
Reichenbach (1837)
effectively provided
Macrolinum trigynum
as a new name for
L. trigynum
Roxb. ex Hardw.
Abdulla (1972)
treated
Linum trigynum
and
Reinwardtia indica
as homotypic and referred to Roxburgh’s icon no. 1048 at Kew as the type. This is effectively a neotypification as neither Hardwicke nor Dumortier are likely to have seen Roxburgh’s drawing before publication of their respective names. I have not found any herbarium material of
Reinwardtia indica
collected by Hardwicke. There are two drawings in the British Library collection (Vol. XVI nos. 1 and 2). Drawing no. 1 has little information on it. Drawing no. 2 is good with detailed floral dissections. It is annotated ‘Futtehghur
Dec 1796
’ and ‘a native of Sireenagur’. Futtehghur (Fatehgarh) was the departure point for the journey to Srinagar and its final destination. Hardwicke appears to have completed his writing up of the botanical material at Futtehghur (
Britten 1906
), so drawing no. 2 can be considered original material and is here selected as
lectotype
for
Linum trigynum
Roxb. ex Hardw.
to supersede the neotypification of Abdulla. The drawing appears to be the basis of the plate (t. 17) in Smith’s
Exotic Botany
. Dumortier did not cite any specimens of
R. indica
, and there are no specimens in BR (S. De Smedt, pers. comm.). I therefore select Smith’s plate as the
lectotype
for
Reinwardtia indica
as it was the only direct citation of an illustration by Dumortier, which again replaces Abdulla’s typification.