Additions to Chaetothyriaceae (Chaetothyriales): Longihyalospora gen. nov. and Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme, a new host record from decaying leaves of Ficus ampelas Author Tennakoon, Danushka S. Author Thambugala, Kasun M. Author Jeewon, Rajesh Author Hongsanan, Sinang Author Kuo, Chang-Hsin Author Hyde, Kevin D. text MycoKeys 2019 61 91 109 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.61.47056 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.61.47056 1314-4049-61-91 F9BCAADBE9D7539B8A84A3DCDB6D3172 Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme X.Y. Zeng, T.C. Wen & K.D. Hyde, Phytotaxa 267(1): 54 (2016) Figure 2 Description. Epiphytic on decaying leaves of Ficus ampelas Burm.f. Covering the upper leaf surface with dark mycelium without penetrating host tissues. Mycelial pellicle elongate, subiculum-like, comprising hyphae that are mostly narrow, 3.5-4.5 μm wide (x- = 3.8 μm , n= 20), brownish, slightly constricted at the septa, dense, radiating outward, anastomosing at the tips with cells of the hyphal network. Sexual morph : Ascomata 130-180 μm high, 200-250 μm diam. (x- = 155 x 220 µm , n = 10) in diameter, superficial, solitary, pale brown, globose to subglobose, coriaceous, somewhat flattened when dry, covered by a mycelial pellicle, with a circumferential space filled with sparse mycelium around the mature ascomata. Peridium 18-25 μm wide (x- = 23.5 μm , n= 20), light brown, with compressed, hyaline, inner cells of textura angularis and light brown outer cells of textura angularis . Asci (62 -)70- 90 x 30-60 μm (x- = 81 x 44 µm , n = 20), 8-spored, bitunicate, broadly obovoid, short pedicellate, apically rounded, with well-developed ocular chamber. Ascospores 30 -45(- 47) x 8-16 μm (x- = 36 x 12 µm , n = 30), crowded or overlapping, irregularly triseriate, hyaline, oblong to ellipsoid, muriform, with 7 transversal septa and 6 longitudinal septa, slightly constricted at the septa, smooth-walled, surrounded by a mucilaginous sheath. Asexual morph : Not observed. Culture characteristics. Colonies on PDA reaching 3 mm diameter after 2 weeks at 25-30 °C, slow growing, spreading, with folded, velvety, wavy margin, consist of dark mycelium, colony color from above: olivaceous green; colony color from below: dark brown to black, not producing pigments in PDA. Material examined. Taiwan, Chiayi, Fanlu Township area, Dahu forest, decaying leaves of Ficus ampelas Burm.f ( Moraceae ), 20 June 2018, D.S. Tennakoon, H10 (MFLU19-0823), living culture (MFLUCC19-0252). Notes. In this study, a sample of Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme was collected from dead leaves of Ficus ampelas ( Moraceae ) in Taiwan. The new collection shares a close phylogenetic relationship with Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme (MFLU16-1306) ( Figure 1 ). The morphology of our collection (MFLUCC19-0252) fits with the type material of Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme (MFLU16-1306) in having elongate mycelial pellicle, broadly obovoid, short pedicellate asci and hyaline, oblong to ellipsoid, muriform ascospores with a mucilaginous sheath ( Zeng et al. 2016 ). However, the ascospores are slightly larger (30-45 x 8-16 μm ) than MFLU16-1306 (28-37 x 7-13 μm ) (Table 2 ). Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme has been previously reported from Thailand on unidentified sp. (not F. ampelas ) and thus, we provide the new host record of Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme on Ficus ampelas ( Moraceae ). Remarkably, this is the first Ceramothyrium species collected from Taiwan. Figure 2. Ceramothyrium longivolcaniforme (MFLU19-0823, new host record). a, b Appearance of colony (black spots) on host leaf c mycelial pellicle d vertical section through ascoma e section of peridium f-i asci j-m ascospores n ascospore stained in Indian ink showing mucilaginous sheath o germinating ascospore p, q colony from above and below. Scale bars: 50 µm ( d ), 10 µm ( e ), 20 µm ( f-i ), 10 µm ( j-o ). Table 2. Comparison of ascospore characters among species of Ceramothyrium .

Species	Numbers of septa	Host /Locality	Size (μm)	References
C. anacardii	3	-	33-50 x 7-9.5	Batista and Maia (1956)
C. aurantii	3-6	-	18.9-27 x 5.4-8	Batista and Maia (1956)
C. biseptatum	2	Macaranga tanarius / Philippines	14-16 x 4.5-5.5	Batista and Ciferri (1962)
C. boedijnii	3	Theobroma cacao / Papua New Guinea	15-20 x 5-7	Batista and Ciferri (1962)
C. calycanthi	6-10	Calycanthus sp./ Georgia	24.5-37 x 6.5-9.5	Batista and Ciferri (1962)
C. carniolicum	3	Pyrola rotundifolia / Sweden	18-20 x 4-5.5	Eriksson (1992)
C. cinereum	7	-	35-42 x 7-9	Batista and Maia (1956)
C. citricola	3-4	Citrus aurantium / Brazil	14-30 x 2.5-11	Mendes et al. (1998)
C. coffeanum	3	Coffea robusta / New Guinea	12-16 x 4-6	Batista and Ciferri (1962)
C. cordiae	3	Cordia rufescens / Brazil	10-13.5 x 4-5.4	Eriksson (1992)
C. europaeum	3	Pogonophora schomburgkiana / Brazil	16-20 x 4-5.5	Eriksson (1992)
C. globosum	6-9 transversal	-	50-58 x 5-6	Batista and Maia (1956)
C. griseolum	4-6	Aleurites moluccana / Brazil	19-25 x 4-5	Eriksson (1992)
C. gustaviae	3-5	Gustavia augusta / Brazil	22-25 x 3.7-5	Eriksson (1992)
C. gymnopogonis	2	Alyxia scandens / Samoa	15 x 5	Dingley et al. (1981)
C. jambosae	-	Eugenia malaccensis / Brazil	-	Eriksson 1992
C. linnaeae	3-4	Lycopodium annotinum / Sweden	12-18 x 3-5	Constantinescu et al. 1989
C. longivolcaniforme (MFLU 16-1306)	7 transversal	Unidentified/ Thailand	28-37 x 7-13	Zeng et al. (2016)
C. longivolcaniforme (MFLU 16-1306)	6 longitudinal	Unidentified/ Thailand	28-37 x 7-13	Zeng et al. (2016)
C. longivolcaniforme (MFLU 19-0823)	7 transversal	Ficus ampelas / Taiwan	30-45 x 8-16	This study (New host record)
C. longivolcaniforme (MFLU 19-0823)	6 longitudinal	Ficus ampelas / Taiwan	30-45 x 8-16	This study (New host record)
C. lycopodii	7	Lycopodium annotinum / Sweden	45 x 4	Constantinescu et al. (1989)
C. martinii	5-7	-	20-27 x 7-9	Barr (1993)
C. moravicum	2-3	-	10-14 x 3-5	Petrak (1961)
C. paiveae	1-4	Paivaea langsdorffii / Brazil	12.5-22 x 3.7-6	Mendes et al. (1998)
C. paraense	3-7	Anacardium sp./ Brazil	20-30 x 3.5-4	Mendes et al. 1998
C. parenchymaticum	5-7	Didymopanax morototoni / Cuba	30-40 x 8-10	Batista and Ciferri 1962
C. peltatum	6-9	-	28-32 x 4.5-6.5	Batista and Maia (1956)
C. philodendri	1-7	Philodendron imbe / Brazil	17.5-32.5 x 5-7.5	Mendes et al. (1998)
C. thailandicum	7-9 transversal	Lagerstroemia sp./ Thailand	24.7-35.5 x 5.7-8.7	Chomnunti et al. (2012)