The first Neotropical and Afrotropical species of Microphorella Becker, with a key to the genera of Parathalassiinae and species of Microphorella from the Southern Hemisphere (Diptera: Dolichopodidae sensu lato) Author Brooks, Scott E. 0000-0001-7915-1941 Diptera Unit, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 A 0 C 6, CANADA & scott. brooks @ agr. gc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7915 - 1941 scott.brooks@agr.gc.ca Author Cumming, Jeffrey M. 0000-0002-3619-3700 Diptera Unit, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, K. W. Neatby Building, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 A 0 C 6, CANADA & jeff. cumming @ agr. gc. ca; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3619 - 3700 jeff.cumming@agr.gc.ca text Zootaxa 2023 2023-06-14 5301 5 581 593 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5301.5.5 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5301.5.5 1175-5326 8036257 5FE72F9C-A430-4593-90C0-88EE2AD908D9 Key to the Southern Hemisphere genera of Parathalassiinae and species of Microphorella Parts of this key were adapted from the Afrotropical dolichopodid key in Grichanov & Brooks (2017) , the Australasian parathalassiine key in Brooks & Cumming (2022) and the Southeast Asian and Australian key to Microphorella in Shamshev & Grootaert (2004) . For the Microphorella species , the key may be used to identify both sexes of several species, but females of M . bungle Brooks & Cumming , M . satunensis Shamshev & Grootaert and M . viticula Brooks & Cumming are unknown. 1 Wing with vein M 2 present; cell dm usually present ( Figs 8 , 17 ), but sometimes cell dm and crossvein dm-m absent ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2005 , fig. 12).............................................................................. 3 - Wing with vein M 2 , cell dm and crossvein dm-m absent ( Fig. 23 )............................................... 2 2 Head with parafacial and gena weakly developed, scarcely projected around lower eye margin ( Fig. 25 ); mouthparts directed ventrally with fleshy labellum; palpus elongate and narrow or abruptly capitate and narrow basally ( Fig. 25 ); fore coxa without spines ( Fig. 25 ); male abdominal sternite 1 without medial projection on the anterior margin; female terminalia with acanthophorous setae on syntergite 9+10 ( New Caledonia , New Zealand )...... Chimerothalassius Shamshev & Grootaert - Head with well-developed parafacial and gena, distinctly projected around lower eye margin ( Fig. 24 ); mouthparts directed posteriorly with narrow labellum ( Fig. 24 ) and broad flat palpus; fore coxa with short spines ( Fig. 24 ); male abdominal sternite 1 with medial projection on the anterior margin; female terminalia with acanthophorous spines on syntergite 9+10 ( Chile , Peru ).................................................................. Neothalassius Brooks & Cumming 3 Wing vein CuA straight, cell cua truncate apically, anal lobe partially developed ( Fig. 28 ); setae of body and legs mainly pale ( Fig. 27 )............................................................................................ 4 - Wing vein CuA rounded, cell cua convex apically to entirely ovoid, anal lobe not developed ( Figs 8 , 17 ); setae of body and legs pale ( Fig. 26 ) or dark ( Figs 5, 6 , 14, 15 )................................................................... 5 4 Antennal postpedicel conical, or pear-shaped, tapering apically ( Fig. 32 ); face wide in both sexes, not narrowing in middle ( Fig. 31 ); postocular setae uni- to biseriate ( Fig. 32 ); scutum with acrostichal setae uniserial at least behind, sometimes reduced; prothoracic precoxal bridge partly developed; female terminalia with tergite 8 not cleft ( South Africa ).................................................................................................. Amphithalassius Ulrich - Antennal postpedicel globular, or oval, broadly rounded at apex ( Figs 29, 30 ); face moderately wide in both sexes, more or less narrowing in middle ( Fig. 29 ); postocular setae multiseriate ( Fig. 30 ); scutum with acrostichal setae paired and flanked by accessory setae; prothorax without precoxal bridge; female terminalia tergite 8 deeply cleft ( South Africa )................................................................................................ Plesiothalassius Ulrich 5 Antenna with arista-like stylus at least 5X longer than broadly ovoid postpedicel ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2005 , figs 1–4; Brooks & Cumming 2022 , fig. 35); face narrow, about width of anterior ocellus; hypopygium with hypandrium and epandrium largely fused, cerci highly asymmetrical ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2005 , figs 17, 29); female terminalia with syntergite 9+10 bearing acanthophorous setae, cercus slender with long apical seta ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2005 , fig. 20) (Southeast Asia, New Guinea , New Caledonia ).................................................. Eothalassius Shamshev & Grootaert - Antenna with arista-like stylus shorter, 3X as long as variably-shaped postpedicel or shorter ( Figs 6 , 15 ); face width variable, with sides subparallel ( Fig. 16 ), or narrowed ventrally ( Fig. 7 ); hypopygium with variable fusion of hypandrium and epandrium, cerci nearly symmetrical to highly asymmetrical; female terminalia with syntergite 9+10 bearing acanthophorous spines ( Fig. 13 ) or setae ( Fig. 22 ), cercus relatively broad, with apex pointed or broadly rounded, with or without with long apical seta(e) ( Chile , South Africa , Southeast Asia, New Guinea , Australia )… Microphorella Becker. ............................ 6 6 Body and legs with pale setation; head and thorax pale grey pollinose ( Fig. 26 ); male palpus broadly clavate, flattened and pale ( Fig. 26 ); female terminalia with syntergite 9+10 bearing acanthophorous setae (female unknown in M . satunensis ); coastal habitats and beaches.................................................................................. 7 - Body and legs with dark setation; head and thorax dark brownish or dark grey pollinose ( Figs 5–7 , 14–16 ); male palpus narrowly ovate or subtriangular, dark greyish brown to black ( Figs 6, 7 , 16 ); female terminalia with syntergite 9+10 bearing acanthophorous spines ( Fig. 13 ) or setae ( Fig. 22 ); inland riparian and meadow habitats............................ 10 7 Scutum with five or six pairs of dorsocentral setae; male abdominal sternites 5 and 6 with equal sized posteromarginal processes........................................................................................... 8 - Scutum with four pairs of dorsocentral setae; male abdominal sternites 5 and 6 with unequal sized posteromarginal processes, sternite 5 process smaller or absent....................................................................... 9 8 Scutum usually with six pairs of dorsocentral setae, rarely five pairs; male fore tarsus thickened, entirely dark brown ( Fig. 26 ); male terminalia with right surstylus very large and leaf-like ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2004 , figs 13, 16) ( Thailand , Malay Peninsula)........................................................... M . malaysiana Shamshev & Grootaert - Scutum with five pairs of dorsocentral setae; male fore tarsus slender with tarsomeres 1–2 yellow, tarsomere 3 brownish yellow and tarsomeres 4–5 brown; male terminalia with right surstylus large and subtriangular ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2004 , figs 38, 40) (Malay Peninsula)................................................... M . satunensis Shamshev & Grootaert 9 Male abdominal sternite 5 with short slender posteromarginal process, sternite 6 with longer broad process ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2004 , figs 25, 26); male fore tarsus slightly thickened; male terminalia with right surstylus long, broad and crescent-shaped ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2004 , figs 27, 30) (New Guinea )................... M . papuana Shamshev & Grootaert - Male abdominal sternite 5 without posteromarginal process, sternite 6 with large broad process ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2004 , figs 31, 32); male fore tarsus slender; male terminalia with right surstylus long and narrow ( Shamshev & Grootaert 2004 , figs 33, 35) (Sulawesi)............................................................ M . bira Shamshev & Grootaert 10 Face with lower margin projected anteriorly above frontoclypeal suture ( Fig. 15 ); male foreleg with curled cluster of three long setae on trochanter ( Fig. 16 ) and long posterior seta on tibia ( Fig. 15 ); male midleg with long seta on trochanter ( Fig. 16 ); male wing with larger costal seta posterior to apex ( Figs 17, 18 ); female terminalia with syntergite 9+10 bearing acanthophorous setae ( Fig. 22 ) ( South Africa )............................................................. M . irwini sp. nov. - Face barely projected anteriorly above obscure frontoclypeal suture ( Fig. 7 ); male foreleg without long setae on trochanter and tibia; male midleg without long seta on trochanter; male wing without longer costal seta near apex ( Fig. 8 ); female terminalia with syntergite 9+10 bearing acanthophorous spines ( Fig. 13 ) (female unknown in M . bungle and M . viticula ).......... 11 11 Scutum with acrostichal setae; antennal postpedicel with short tip ( Fig. 6 ); face strongly narrowed ventrally in male ( Fig. 7 ), weakly narrowed ventrally in female ( Chile )............................................... M . amorimi sp. nov. - Scutum without acrostichal setae; antennal postpedicel with tip longer and narrow ( Brooks & Cumming 2022 , figs 40, 51); face in male and female evenly wide, about width of combined antennal bases or wider ( Australia )....................... 12 12 Hypopygium with phallus elongate, tightly curled ( Brooks & Cumming 2022 , figs 53–55).. M . viticula Brooks & Cumming - Hypopygium with phallus relatively short, not tightly curled ( Brooks & Cumming 2022 , figs 43–45, 47, 48)........... 13 13 Hypopygium with phallus tip bent and brush-like ( Brooks & Cumming 2022 , figs 47, 48)............... M . iota Colless - Hypopygium with phallus tip straight and tubular ( Brooks & Cumming 2022 , figs 44, 45).. M . bungle Brooks & Cumming