Revision of the genus Turris Batsch, 1789 (Gastropoda: Conoidea: Turridae) with the description of six new species Author Kilburn, Richard N. Author Fedosov, Alexander E. Author Olivera, Baldomero M. text Zootaxa 2012 2012-03-22 3244 1 1 58 https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.3244.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3244.1.1 20d1b63e-e569-489f-8e0a-165ae81b3204 1175-5326 246329 Turris cryptorrhaphe ( Sowerby, 1825 ) Plate 12 , figs A–E Pleurotoma cryptorrhaphe G. B. Sowerby, I, 1825 : 58 ; Gray & Sowerby I 1839 : 120 , pl. 34, fig. 8; Reeve 1843 : pl. 234, fig. 16 (“15” on plate); Reeve 1843 , pl. 1, sp. 7; Weinkauff 1875: 20 , pl. 4, figs 4–7. Type loc.: not given. Turris cryptorrhaphe ; Powell, 1964: 335 (refs), pl. 181, figs 14–15; Cernohorsky 1972: 183 , pl. 53, fig. 3; Olivera 2000: 308 , pl. 1, specimen 13, pl. 7; Vera-Peláez et al. 2000 : pl. 1, fig. 4 (protoconch), pl. 6, figs 6–7; Higo et al. 2001 : pl. 101, fig. G3529 ( holotype ); Olivera & Sysoev 2008 : pl. 681, figs 8–9; Robin 2008 : pl. 448, fig. 6.. Murex bicarinatus Wood, 1828: 15 . Type loc.: unknown. Pleurotoma woodii Kiener, 1839: 12 , pl. 7, fig. 1 ( n. nov. for P. bicarinata ). Type loc.: unknown. PLATE 12. Turris cryptorrhaphe ( Sowerby, 1825 ) : A — Holotype of Pleurotoma cryptorrhaphe , locality unknown, NHMUK 1963470, 67.5 x 21.1 mm ; B , C —Cagayan, Philippines , BO colln, 72.1 x 17.7 mm ; D —Bohol, Philippines , BO colln, 61.7 x 14.5 mm ; E —Olango Is., Cebu, Philippines , BO colln, 67.4 x 17.6 mm . DESCRIPTION: Shell narrow (b/l 0.25–0.26) with high spire (a/l 0.31–0.33), narrowly acuminate, whorls angular (almost pagodiform), base of last whorl contracted, siphonal canal relatively short and recurved, with a prominent fasciole, often bearing a narrow false umbilicus. Base of each whorl with a double keel, separated by a concavity, the upper the stronger. Upper part of whorls with a weak subsutural cord, bordered anteriorly by a deep, narrow sulcus; sinus ridge narrow and low, often indistinct, except for lunulate growth lines. Base of last whorl with ca 17–20 ridges, above alternately weaker and stronger, on rostrum strong and transversely notched. Dull yellowish- or reddish-brown to dark brown, except for a fine spiral line of darker brown on each cord and main ridge; rostrum white or violet, aperture violet-tinged. Protoconch small, subcylindrical, of ca 2 whorls, with axial riblets, breadth ca 0.65 mm . Attains 78 mm . DISTRIBUTION: Indonesia and Philippines to Papua New Guinea , east to Marshall Islands and Fiji ; 4–60 m , in sand under rocks. TYPES: P. cryptorrhaphe : holotype NHMUK 1963470 , ex Stainforth collection, dimensions 67.5 x 21.1 mm . M. bicarinatus ( woodii ): location of type unknown . OTHER MATERIAL EXAMINED: PHILIPPINES : Olango Is., Cebu (B0 colln); Balut Is., Mindanao ( NMSA L1972: B0), between Olango, Cebu and Bohol Islands, 20–60 m ( NMSA L8203: BO); Palawan, tangle nets ( NMSA J3213: F. J. Springsteen); Panglao, Bohol, tangle nets ( NMSA K2452: F. J. Springsteen); Bohol and Cagayan (G. Poppe colln); NEW CALEDONIA : 20°50.4’S , 165°22.8’E , 20 m , MNHN ; 20°41.4’S , 164°14.8’E , 20–30 m , MNHN ; 20°52.4’S , 167°08.5’E , 4 m , MNHN . REMARKS: The protoconch is more frequently retained than in most Turris species , at least in immature individuals, possibly indicative of a burrowing habit.