Coprinopsis (Psathyrellaceae, Agaricales) in the Neotropics: three new species and a new combination Author Schünemann, Bárbara Letícia Botura 0000-0002-7311-7168 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Campus do Vale, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil & barbarabotura @ hotmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7311 - 7168 barbarabotura@hotmail.com Author Westphalen, Mauro 0000-0001-5346-3541 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Campus do Vale, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil & maurowestphalen @ yahoo. com. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5346 - 3541 maurowestphalen@yahoo.com.br Author Díazvalderrama, Jorge Ronny 0000-0002-1015-3751 Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Perú & jorge. diaz @ untrm. edu. pe; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1015 - 3751 jorge.diaz@untrm.edu.pe Author Aguilar, Vilma 0000-0001-6797-0093 Instituto de Investigación para el Desarrollo Sustentable de Ceja de Selva, Universidad Nacional Toribio Rodríguez de Mendoza de Amazonas, Chachapoyas, Perú & vilma. aguilar. epg @ untrm. edu. pe; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6797 - 0093 vilma.aguilar.epg@untrm.edu.pe Author Silveira, Rosa Mara Borges Da 0000-0003-1578-5034 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Biociências, Departamento de Botânica, Campus do Vale, Agronomia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil & rosa. silveira @ ufrgs. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1578 - 5034 rosa.silveira@ufrgs.br text Phytotaxa 2023 2023-02-27 585 2 113 134 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.585.2.3 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.585.2.3 1179-3163 7681516 Key to identify Coprinopsis species from Brazil 1 Basidioma psathyrelloid, not deliquescent ................................................................................................. Coprinopsis myceniformis Basidioma coprinoid, deliquescent ....................................................................................................................................................2 2 Pileus opened up to> 40mm ...............................................................................................................................................................3 Pileus opened minor then < 40mm ......................................................................................................................................................6 3 Veil adpressed squamulose or almost smooth ................................................................................................ Coprinopsis acuminata Veil hairy-flocculose or breaking up in patches .................................................................................................................................4 4 Basidiospores <10µm length ..................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis atramentaria Basidiospores>10µm length ..............................................................................................................................................................5 5 Veil elements elongated, sausage-like ................................................................................................................ Coprinopsis lagopus Veil elements diverticulate .................................................................................................................................. Coprinopsis picacea 6 Veil in shaggy with pointed and fugacious scales ........................................................................................ Coprinopsis jamaicensis Veil hairy-floccose or squamose ........................................................................................................................................................7 7 Annulus membranous....................................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis mexicana Annulus absent ...................................................................................................................................................................................8 8 Basidiospores>8 um length ...............................................................................................................................................................9 Basidiospores <8 um length .............................................................................................................................................................15 9 Basidiospores with myxosporium ..................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis tuberosa Basidiospores without myxosporium ...............................................................................................................................................10 10 Veil elements elongated, sausage-like ..............................................................................................................................................11 Veil elements diverticulate ...............................................................................................................................................................13 11 Veil elements yellowish....................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis brunneofibrillosa Veil elements hyaline........................................................................................................................................................................12 12 Basidiospores <12um length ............................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis cinerea Basidiospores> 12um length with parallel sides ................................................................................................ Coprinopsis radiata 13 Veil elements thick-walled ........................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis vermiculifer Veil elements thin-walled .................................................................................................................................................................14 14 Basidiospores ellipsoid with apical papilla (“limoniform”) in frontal view .......................................................... Coprinopsis nivea Basidiospores hexagonal in frontal view........................................................................................................ Coprinopsis cothurnata 15 Pleurocystidia present.......................................................................................................................................................................16 Pleurocystidia absent ........................................................................................................................................................................25 16 Habit caespitose................................................................................................................................................ Coprinopsis variegata Habit solitary to fasciculate..............................................................................................................................................................17 17 Growing on dung..............................................................................................................................................................................18 Growing on grasses, wood or leaves ................................................................................................................................................20 18 Veil elements smooth................................................................................................................................ Coprinopsis pseudoradiata Veils elements warty.........................................................................................................................................................................19 19 Basidiospores <4.5 µm breadth ........................................................................................................................ Coprinopsis stercorea Basidiospores>4.5 µm breadth ........................................................................................................................ Coprinopsis foetidella 20 Veil elements elongated, sausage-like, thin-walled........................................................................................ Coprinopsis geesterani Veil elements diverticulate, thin and thick-walled ...........................................................................................................................21 21 Basidiospores ovoid or rhomboid in frontal view ............................................................................................................................22 Basidiospores ellipsoid or lentiform in frontal view ........................................................................................................................23 22 Basidiospores <9 µm lenght ................................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis friesii Basidiospores>9 µm lenght ......................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis austrofriesii 23 Veil elements thin walled, slightly incrusted.................................................................................................. Coprinopsis neotropica Veil elements thin and thick walled, smooth....................................................................................................................................24 24 Growing on leaves................................................................................................................................................. Coprinopsis caesia Growing on wood .................................................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis fulva 25 Cheilocystidia present ....................................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis floccosa Cheilocystidia absent ....................................................................................................................................... Coprinopsis cortinata