Taxonomy of the Brazilian species previously placed in Mantispa Illiger, 1798 (Neuroptera: Mantispidae), with the description of three new species Author MACHADO, RENATO JOSÉ PIRES Author RAFAEL, JOSÉ ALBERTINO text Zootaxa 2010 2010-05-13 2454 1 1 61 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2454.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.2454.1.1 1175­5334 10093813 Dicromantispa moulti (Navás, 1909) , new combination . (Figs. 13–14) Mantispa moulti Navás, 1909: 481 ; Penny 1977: 35 (list.); 1982a: 221 (cit.); 1982b: 442, Figs. 62–67 (redesc.); Penny & Costa 1983: 644 , Figs. 16 (redescr.); Ohl 2004: 186 (cat.). Type locality: French Guiana . Lectotype male (MNHN) not studied. Redescription, male. Vertex predominantly brown except yellow lateral stripes that border the eyes and central “Y” shaped spot (Fig. 13c). Some species with yellow medial transverse spot dividing the brown area in two; anterior part darker than posterior. Other specimens with dark color pattern, where the yellow is almost imperceptible. Head in frontal view almost completely yellow, except for central longitudinal dark brown stripe beginning between antennae and ending at labrum. Labrum yellow area slightly darker than other head sclerites (Fig. 13a). Mandible and palpi apices dark brown, other mouthparts reddish brown. Antenna with scape yellow ventrally and dark to reddish brown dorsally. Pedicel and flagellum dark brown (Fig. 13a). Pronotum: nearly straight in lateral view, with few setae in proximal and distal regions arising directly from it surface. Length-width-ratio at maculae: 4.2–6.4. Light brown, except two dark brown lateral spots at anterior end and two small dark brown central stripes, one anterior and other posterior. Central stripes generally short, anterior one does not exceed the maculae region and posterior one does not reach midlength of the pronotum (Fig. 13c). Some specimens without two lateral spots at anterior end. Maculae pointed and prominent, in lateral view. Mesonotum: with three longitudinal dark brown stripes, one central and two lateral, with yellow stripes between them (Fig. 13c). Metanotum: some specimens similar to mesonotum and others with yellow stripes enlarged and brown ones reduced. Mesoscutellum dark brown, except yellow lateral border (Fig. 13c). Metascutellum dark brown. Both scutella with 0–5 pores each one, metascutellum usually without pores. Pteropleura yellow, except for mesopreepisternum, mesepisternum, mesanepisternum and mesokatepisternum, with dark brown spots at anterior border in some specimens (Fig. 13b). Foreleg: coxa light brown, except for yellow base and dark brown apex. Femur posterior surface reddish brown with yellow spot near spine rows, spines with dark reddish brown apex (Fig. 13e). Femur anterior surface dark reddish brown medially and reddish brown laterally. Tibia yellow at base, dark brown at apex, FIGURE 14. Dicromantispa moulti : male: a , abdominal tergites; b , terminalia, dorsal view; c , ventromedial lobe; d , Forewing: length: 13.9–19.6, 7–9 costal crossveins and 14 to 16 veins extended posteriorly from RP. Hyaline, except cells 1M, 1Cu, 1AA, 1AP base, radial triangle and space between Sc and RA brown. Cell 1AP apex light yellow. Pterostigma reddish brown. Veins brown, except AP2, AA, AP1 and bases of C and CuA yellow. Apex of C, Sc and RA same color as pterostigma (Fig. 13f). Hindwing: 7–8 costal crossveins and 14 to 20 veins extended posteriorly from RP; hyaline, except cell 1M and space between C and Sc brown. Pterostigma reddish brown, in some specimens slightly dark. Veins with color pattern similar to forewing, except CuA and C brown (Fig. 13f). Abdomen mainly yellow with a central longitudinal dark brown stripe dorsally and ventrally except last two sternites. Pleura dark brown. Tergites IV–VI with 2 groups of 6–10 in two transverse parallel rows anterolaterally; each group with one or two large pores or a scar between them ( Fig. 14a ). Terminalia: ectoproct posterior border rounded. Ventromedial lobe completely sclerotized, curved with wide internal bend ( Fig. 14b ) with 10–14 stout setae; and narrow external bend with 4–5 stout setae ( Fig. 14b, c ). Sternite IX posterior border rounded with small lobe at apex, in ventral view ( Fig. 14d ). Gonarcus with small median lobe ( Fig. 14e, f ) and two small lateral lobes, as seen in posterior view ( Fig. 14e ) and with basal extremity narrow in lateral view ( Fig. 14h ). Gonocoxite with constant width or with apex slightly wide in ventral view ( Fig. 14g ). Mediuncus basal half wide in lateral view and with apex bifurcate in ventral view ( Fig. 14g , h ). Gonarcal membrane with medial group of spinules extending beyond medincus apex ( Fig. 14g ). Pseudopenal membrane generally as long as pseudopenis and with small scales on dorsal surface ( Fig. 14g ). Hypomere apex rounded with small granules ( Fig. 14g , h ). Female. Similar to male, except forewing length: 14.4–19.7 mm , 7–10 costal croosveins, 13–18 veins extend posteriorly from RP, hindwing with 7 costal croosveins and 13 to 21 veins extend posteriorly from RP. Terminalia: Ectoproct almost twice as long as gonocoxite ( Fig. 14l ). Sternite VIII wide and easily seen in lateral and ventral views, posterior border rounded with small medial invagination ( Fig. 14j ). Spermathecal duct coiled and wide distally ( Fig. 14k ). Fertilization canal narrow. Capsule covered by minuscule setae ( Fig. 14i ). Geographical data. Neotropical, with records from Brazil and French Guiana ( Penny & Costa 1983 ; Ohl 2004 ). Most Brazilian records are from Amazon Region; however, there are records from Espírito Santo state ( Penny & Costa 1983 ), indicating that the species probably occurs in other regions. Bionomy. Labels suggest that specimens may be collected at any time of year, May and June are the only months that have not been recorded. Nothing is known about its biology Discussion. Our illustrations have some differences from that presented in other papers: the group of spinules on the gonarcal membrane is not clearly illustrated in Penny (1982b) ; the “Y” spot, on the vertex, not illustrated in Penny & Costa (1983) ; but the main difference is that the descriptions in Penny (1982b) and Penny & Costa (1983) indicate that the gonarcal median lobe is absent. However the specimens analyzed here, and others analyzed by themselves have shown the gonarcal median lobe. This mistake was probably induced by the small size of the lobe that makes its recognition difficult. Material examined: Brazil : Amazonas : Rio Urubu , vii.1982 , Penny , Arias , Adams ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); vii.1979 , luz, Comparado com o tipo de Mantispa bruchi Navás, N.D.Penny 1980 , Comparado com o tipo de Mantispa trilineata Navás, N.D.Penny 1980 , Mantispa moulti Navás , det. N.D.Penny 1982 ( 1 ♂ – INPA ); Lago Xadá , 05°15’39’’S 61°42’32’’W , iv.2005 , luz mista e BLB ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); Japurá , Estr [ada] Ecol [ógica] Yuami- Japurá , 02°19’09’’ S – 68°25’16’’W , viii.2005 , Luz ( 1 ♂ – INPA ); Tabatinga , 04°12’15’’S – 69°54’32’’W , ix.2005 , luz ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); Benjamin Constant , lg[arapé} Crajarizinho, 04°26’35’’S – 69°59’58’’W , ix.2005 , luz ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); Manaus, i.1978 , Normam D. Penny , Mantispa moulti Navás , det. N.D.Penny 1982 ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); ZF-2, Torre 40 m , 02°35’21’’S – 60°06’55’’W , i.vi–vii. x.2004 , luz ( 2 ♂ , 4 ♀ – INPA ); Reserva Florestal Adolpho Ducke: AM 010, 02º55’51’’S – 59º58’59’’W , iii.2008 , luz ( 1 ♂ – INPA ); Am 010, Km 246, vii.1979 , Mantispa moulti Navás , det. N.D.Penny 1982 ( 3 ♂ – INPA ); ii.2005 , Luz ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); Presidente Figueiredo: AM 240: Km 24, x.2008 , luz ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); Barcelos, i.1978 , Normam D. Penny , Mantispa / moulti Navás , det. N.D.Penny 1982 ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); Novo Aripuanã, 05°15’53’’S – 60°07’08’’W , Luz, ix.2004 ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); Novo Airão, Jaú, Igarapé Miratuca, 01°57’02’’S – 61°49’01’’W , vii.1995 , luz ( 1 ♀ – INPA ); Itacoatiara, Madeireira