New orchids in the flora of Vietnam VII (Orchidaceae: tribes Cypripedieae, Cranichideae, Orchideae, and Collabieae) Author Averyanov, Leonid V. 0000-0001-8031-2925 Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Prof. Popov Street, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia & av _ leonid @ mail. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8031 - 2925 av_leonid@mail.ru Author Nguyen, Van Canh 0000-0001-9578-0342 Institute of Applied Technology, Thu Dau Mot University, No. 6, Tran Van On Street, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam & nguyenvancanh @ tdmu. edu. vn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9578 - 0342 nguyenvancanh@tdmu.edu.vn Author Vuong, Truong Ba 0000-0003-3452-8455 Institute of Tropical Biology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 85, Tran Quoc Toan, District 3, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam & bavuong 2019 @ yahoo. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3452 - 8455 bavuong2019@yahoo.com Author Nguyen, Khang Sinh 0000-0001-5171-4140 Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam & nskhang @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 5171 - 4140 nskhang@gmail.com Author Nuraliev, Maxim S. 0000-0001-8291-2633 Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, 12, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia & Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Scientific and Technological Center, 63, Nguyen Van Huyen Street, Cau Giay, 122000 Hanoi, Vietnam & max. nuraliev @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 8291 - 2633 max.nuraliev@gmail.com Author Nguyen, Cuong Huu 0000-0003-2281-741X Vietnam National University of Forestry, Xuan Mai, Chuong My, Hanoi, Vietnam & nguyenhuucuong. tvr @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2281 - 741 X nguyenhuucuong.tvr@gmail.com Author Ormerod, Paul A. P. O. Box 8210, Cairns 4870, Queensland, Australia & wsandave 1 @ bigpond. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2312 - 2452 wsandave1@bigpond.com Author Maisak, Tatiana V. Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Prof. Popov Street, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia Author Diep, Dinh Quang Institute of Applied Technology, Thu Dau Mot University, No. 6, Tran Van On Street, Phu Hoa Ward, Thu Dau Mot City, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam Author Lyskov, Dmitry F. Department of Higher Plants, Biological Faculty, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1, 12, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia & Joint Russian-Vietnamese Tropical Scientific and Technological Center, 63, Nguyen Van Huyen Street, Cau Giay, 122000 Hanoi, Vietnam Author Nong, Duy Van Tay Nguyen Institute for Scientific Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Dalat, Vietnam text Phytotaxa 2023 2023-10-11 619 4 255 276 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.619.4.1 journal article 10.11646/phytotaxa.619.4.1 1179-3163 8430545 Paphiopedilum barbigerum Tang & Wang (1940: 23) var. barbigerum , Cribb (1998: 234) , Averyanov (2008: 72) , Braem et al. (1999: 216) , Averyanov et al. (2003a: 170) . Schuiteman et al. (2008: 302) , Chen et al. (2009: 39) , Liu et al. (2009: 112) , Zhou et al. (2016: 101) , s. str. Type: — CHINA . Guizhou Province : Kweichow, Cavalerie & Fortunat 1794 ( holotype PE00027273). ( Figs. 1 A–C ) ≡ Paphiopedilum insigne (Wall. ex Lindley 1824: tab. 32) Pfitzer (1888: 11) var. barbigerum (Tang & F.T.Wang) Braem (1988: 113) . Ecology and phenology in Vietnam :—Lithophytic rosulate herb. Primary evergreen broad-leaved submontane forests on marble-like karstic, highly eroded limestone at an elevation of 900–1100 m a.s.l. Very rare. Flowers in September – October . Distribution :— Vietnam ( Son La Province : Thuan Chau District). South China . Conservation status in Vietnam :—This variety is known in Vietnam in a single location. Given that the duration of a generation equals 3 years, observed population reduction for 10 years or 3 generations is ≥ 80% and is not reversible (A2), based on direct observation (a), observed decline of the area of occupancy, extent of occurrence and habitat quality (b), and actual levels of exploitation (c); the area of occurrence < 100 km ² (B1) and the area of occupancy < 10 km ² (B2), with 1 known population (a) and continuing observed decline of extent of occurrence (bi); the area of occupancy (bii); area, quality of habitat (biii); the number of mature individuals (bv); the number of mature individuals <250, observed, estimated or projected continuing decline in 25% in 3 years or 1 generation (C1) and observed, estimated, projected or inferred continuing decline with the single population containing 90–100% of mature individuals (C2(ii)). Similarly to all the other varieties of P. barbigerum , the type variety stands presently on the verge of full extinction in nature due to over-collecting for sale. Accordingly, following the formal criteria of the IUCN Standards and Petitions Committee (2023) it is assessed nationally here as Critically Endangered (CR—A2abcd+3abcd+4abc; B1ab(i,ii,iii,v)+2ab(i,ii,iii,v); C1+2a(ii). The number of mature individuals and the habitat decline dramatically and hence, even if there are chances of immigration of propagules, the lack of habitat and the rate of decline would not allow this variety to survive in the wild. Notes :—According to the presently available knowledge, Paphiopedilum barbigerum is a rare and highly variable species. It is subdivided into six varieties with almost allopatric distribution in southern China ( var. barbigerum ), northern Thailand ( var. lannaense (Tongkham, Pumikong, Potapohn & Bundithya) Schuit. and var. vejvarutianum (O.Gruss & Roellke) Perner ), northern Laos ( var. coccineum (Perner & R.Herrm.) Cavestro and var. sulivongii Schuit. & P.Bonnet ) and in Vietnam . In the flora of Vietnam , two varieties were known prior to this study. They are P. barbigerum var. aspersum (Aver.) Aver. and P. barbigerum var. coccineum (= P. barbigerum var. lockianum Aver. ). The discovery of the type variety in Vietnam reported here represents a new national record, which makes Vietnam the richest country in diversity of this species. In its distribution, this variety is a typical endemic of the South Chinese Floristic Region as outlined by Averyanov et al. (2003a ,b). Studied specimens :— VIETNAM . Son La Province : Thuan Chau District , base of Pha Din Pass , remnants of primary evergreen forest on limestone mountains at elevations of 900–1100 m , 4 October 2022 , Lo Trung Van, Khang Sinh Nguyen AL 1605 ( LE01170110 https://en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=162636, photos LE01123569 https:// en.herbariumle.ru/?t=occ&id=143330) . Tribe Cranichideae (subfamily Orchidoideae )