Exploring the diversity of Gracillariidae (Lepidoptera) in South Africa: host plants, distribution, and DNA barcoding analysis, with the description of nine new species Author Triberti, Paolo Zoology Department, Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Lungadige Porta Vittoria 9, 37129 Verona, Italy; Author Staude, Hermann 0000-0002-2549-4372 Author Sharp, Ian Author Lopez-Vaamonde, Carlos 0000-0003-2278-2368 IRBI, UMR 7261, CNRS-University of Tours, Tours, France carlos.lopezvaamonde@inrae.fr text Zootaxa 2024 2024-10-24 5529 1 1 51 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5529.1.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5529.1.1 1175-5326 14021754 0613682E-532B-482F-A498-6714A01F5DE5 PARORNICHINAE Kawahara & Ohshima, 2016 This subfamily currently consists of four genera, totaling 89 species. The majority of these species (74) are included in the genus Parornix Spuler, 1910 . Parornix , along with Callisto Stephens, 1834 , has a Holarctic distribution, with the larvae predominantly feeding on plants from the Rosaceae and Betulaceae families. The other two genera, Graphiocephala Vári, 1961 and Pleiomorpha Vári, 1961 , are only found in southern Africa and are known to feed on plants from the Ebenaceae family.