Antarctotrechusballi sp. n. (Carabidae, Trechini): the first ground beetle from Antarctica
Author
Ashworth, Allan C
Author
Erwin, Terry L.
text
ZooKeys
2016
635
109
122
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.635.10535
journal article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.635.10535
1313-2970-635-109
9B1AF440DC5B413796461ED8B28140F0
9B1AF440DC5B413796461ED8B28140F0
Antarctotrechus
balli Ashworth & Erwin
sp. n.
Holotype
(sex unknown), a right elytron. Antarctica, Oliver Bluffs, Beardmore Glacier region, Meyer Desert Formation,
85.117222°S
,
166.657500°E
, (Allan Ashworth 2003) (NMNH: ADP147741).
Derivation of genus name.
Antarctotrechus
refers to its relationship with the
Trechini
and the place where the specimens were found.
Derivation
of specific epithet.
The epithet,
balli
, is a Latinized eponym based on the family name of George E. Ball, Carabidologist, and academic leader of a host of younger carabidologists, in celebration of his 90th birthday, September 26, 2016.
Proposed english vernacular name.
Ball's
Antarctic Tundra Beetle.
Diagnosis.
Only the left and right elytra known (Figure 5). They are from two individuals. Form as in alate Neaustral trechines in the genus
Trechisibus
Motschulsky 1862. Lack of recurrent groove as in Andean and Pampas trechines in the genera
Oxytrechus
Jeannel 1927
and
Pseudocnides
Jeannel 1927
, respectively. Placement of mid-discal elytral setiferous pore as in
Trechisibus
and other trechines, Placement of preapical in third interneur unique (Figures 6-7). Absence of apical elytral setiferous pore in third interneur unique.
Figure 5. Fossils of the left and right elytra of
Antarctotrechus balli
sp. n. A The left elytron, 2.36 mm in length, is designated as the paratype (USNM: ADP147732). A small part of the right elytron of the same individual is attached along the suture near the apex. The siltstone matrix is visible along the outer margin near the apex. The small rhomb-shaped crystals on the surface are authigenic calcite B The right elytron is designated as the holotype. (NMNH: ADP147741). The elytron is 2.40 mm in length. The base is deformed by a crack and concealed by sediment grains. A small part of the left elytron of the same individual is still attached along the suture near the base.
Figure 6. Fossil of right elytron of
Antarctotrechus balli
sp. n. and elytra of three species of Neaustral
Trechisibus
spp. with line drawings of each showing 3rd interval setigerous pores and recurrent grooves of the latter.
Figure 7. Comparison of the apices of the fossil right elytron
Antarctotrechus balli
sp. n. and a modern
Trechisibus
sp. with line drawings of each showing 3rd interval setigerous pores and recurrent grooves of the latter. An isodiametric microornament is partially visible on the fossil.
Description.
(Figures 5-7). Size: Elytron length and width within range of
Trechisibus
species, Length 2.36 mm, W = 0.85 mm.
Color: Typically trechine brown.
Luster: Unknown due to deposition and lithification processes over ~ 20 -14 Ma.
Microsculpture: Apparently isodiametric.
Head: Unknown.
Prothorax: Unknown.
Pterothorax
: Shape of humerus (compare Figure 5) not sloped, indicating the adult was possibly fully winged.
Legs: Unknown.
Abdomen: Unknown.
Male genitalia: Unknown.
Female genitalia: Unknown.
Dispersal
potential.
If these beetles were macropterous (see above), they were likely capable of flight.
Trechisibus
adults are moderately swift and agile runners, so likely were adults of
Antarctotrechus balli
. All known species of
Tasmanorites
are brachypterous.
Other specimens examined.
A left elytron also from the type locality is designated as the paratype. This specimen is reposited in the collections of the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History (NMNH:ADP147732).