The genus Cotinis Burmeister in the eastern United States, with description of a new species from the Florida Keys, including a checklist of the genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Cetoniinae)
Author
Woodruff, Robert E.
Florida State Collection of Arthropods P. O. Box 147100 Gainesville, FL 32614 - 7100
text
Insecta Mundi
2008
2008-12-05
2008
51
1
13
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.5169990
1942-1354
5169990
Genus
Cotinis
Burmeister, 1842
Type
species.
Gymnetis mutabilis
Gory and Percheron (1833: 334)
, by subsequent designation of
Casey (1915: 277)
. The name
Cotinis
was synonymized under
Gymnetis
MacLeay
by
Martinez (1949)
, but
Goodrich (1964)
successfully petitioned the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to conserve (un- der plenary powers) the names
Cotinis
and
Gymnetis
, as defined by
Burmeister (1842)
and in common usage for over a century.
Subgenera.
The genus
Cotinis
contains 3 subgenera: The typical subgenus
Cotinis
Burmeister
contains the bulk of species, with the subgenus
Criniflava
Goodrich (1966: 566)
containing 2 species, and the subgenus
Liberocera
Deloya and Ratcliffe (1988: 39)
a single species.
Generic Diagnosis.
Cotinis
(Fig. 1, 4, 32) is a member of the tribe
Gymnetini
. Within the tribe,
Cotinis
is unique in possessing a median, upturned, lobiform process on the anterior margin of the clypeus (Fig. 9-12) in both sexes. The head possesses a central, horn-like, frontal process, extending from the vertex toward the clypeus (Fig. 9, 11). Species may be shiny or matte, and green to black, but they all lack dorsal scales (found in the related genus
Balsameda
Thompson
). Species in the similar genus
Gymnetis
lack the clypeal process, and often have bright color patterns.
Species-level characters include size and shape of the clypeal process; the extent, size, and amount of fusion of the frontal process; body color, sculpture, and vestiture; anterior tibial dentition (usually bidentate or tridentate); size and shape of the male genitalia (in a few species the internal sac is useful); and pygidial color and sculpture. There is little external sexual dimorphism. However, in some species, the last abdominal sternite is punctate over its entire surface in females, smooth medially in males; in a few species (including
C. aliena
) anterior tibiae are bidentate in males and tridentate in females (wear may affect the teeth).
Variation.
Many species within the genus
Cotinis
are extremely uniform in appearance, but others show considerable variation in size, color, vestiture, punctures, and clypeal processes. Variation is espe-
1
cially noticeable for
C. nitida
(L.) and
C. mutabilis
(Gory and Percheron)
, and it caused Goodrich to synonymize all of the 9 species and 10 subspecies described by
Casey (1915)
, as well as many others.