Early Miocene stalked crinoids (Echinodermata) from the southern Rhodanian basin (southeastern France). Paleoenvironments and taxonomy Author Roux, Michel Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, UMR 7205 ISYEB MNHN-CNRS-UPMC-EPHE, Département Systématique et Évolution, CP Author Philippe, Michel 0000-0002-4582-8990 Centre “ Louis Lortet de conservation et d’étude des collections (Musée des Confluences, Lyon) 13 A, rue Bancel - 69007 Lyon, France. https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 4582 - 8990 text Zootaxa 2021 2021-10-15 5052 3 301 331 journal article 4004 10.11646/zootaxa.5052.3.1 7903d074-a590-48ba-b7e6-b515a0f1c65d 1175-5326 5572077 1EB14EF1-E205-4E37-85F9-DFD97BE93058 Papacrinus avignonensis n. gen., n. sp. Fig. 12D–F . Type material. A single isolated nodal as holotype ( MHNL 20.062726 ) . Etymology. From Avignon (reference to the type locality). Diagnosis. As in description. Type stratum. Late Burdigalian. Type locality. Place du Palais des Papes in Avignon . Description. Nodal with subcircular to pentalobate facets, H: 1.43 mm , D: 4.65 mm , H/D 0.31, identical symplexy on each facet ( Fig. 12D–E ) with pyriform to triangular closed petaloid zones, 12 Cr/PZ of variable size including 6 marginal ones, weak crenularium relief, massive protuberance curved proximally prolonging PZ ( Fig. 12E ); deep, subcircular cirrus sockets much lower than the nodal height, nearly tangent to the distal N facet border, with two strong triangular culminae ( Fig. 12F ). Remarks. The symplexial crenularium of Papacrinus avignonensis n. gen. n., sp. is of balanocrine-type (see Fig. 2D ). Such side protuberances are unknown in extant and fossil Isocrinida . The particular morphology of this nodal justifies the creation of a new genus. Its size and relative thickness suggest that it belongs to the distal stalk of a young individual. The absence of a cryptosymplexy is usually a paedomorphic character of the proximal nodals without phylogenetic significance. It is retained in the distal stalk of Proisocrinus . In this genus, symplexies differ from those of Papacrinus n. gen. in having always open PZ; moreover, rudimentary cirri are restricted to proxistele and in mid to distal stalk there are only nudinodals (Bourseau et al. 1991). Pending new discoveries allowing a more complete description, the symplexial characters lead us to place Papacrinus n. gen. provisionally in the subfamily Balanocrininae . Occurrence. Only known from Avignon (Palais des Papes), Late Burdigalian.