A review of the genus Oxychalepus Uhmann, 1937 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) Author Staines, C. L. text Zootaxa 2010 2010-08-23 2573 1 35 56 https://biotaxa.org/Zootaxa/article/view/zootaxa.2573.1.2 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.2573.1.2 1175-5326 5303729 Oxychalepus anchora ( Chapuis 1877 ) ( Figure 2 ) Odontota anchora Chapuis 1877: 18 [ Syntypes : Colombia , La Bas (INSB)]. Uhmann 1965: 257 (types). Chalepus anchora (Chapuis) . Baly 1885: 79 (redescription); Donckier 1899: 585 (catalog); Blackwelder 1946: 726 (faunal list); Callan 1954: 945 (faunal list); Silva et al. 1985: 36 (museum list). Chalepus ancora (Chapuis) . Fiusa 1941: 24 (host plant); Guérin 1953: 101 (faunal list). Chalepus (Xenochalepus) ancora (Chapuis) . Weise 1911a: 48 (note), 1911b: 26 (catalog), 1911c: 39 (catalog); Bruch, 1915: 377 (faunal list), 1928: 203 (faunal list); Lima 1936: 327 (faunal list); Silva 1938: 62 (host plant); Blunck 1954: 365 (host plant). Chalepus ancora (Chapuis) . Guérin 1953: 101 (faunal list). Xenochalepus ancora (Chapuis) . Bondar 1929: 180 (biology), 1930a: 47 (biology), 1930b: 171 (biology); Uhmann 1930a: 33 (distribution), 1930b: 249 (distribution), 1930c: 163 (distribution); Carvalho & Carvalho 1939: 55 (faunal list); Silva 1939: 95 (host plant); Schlottfeldt 1944a: 62 (host plant), 1944b: 113 (host plants); Fiusa 1946: 337 (host plant). Xenochalepus anchora (Chapuis) . Maulik 1937: 137 (host plants); Lima 1955: 211 (faunal list). Oxychalepus ancora (Chapuis) . Uhmann 1938b: 438 (transfer, redescription); Papp 1953: 84 (catalog). Oxychalepus anchora (Chapuis) . Uhmann 1953: 169 (pupa), 1957a: 107 (catalog); Monrós & Viana 1947: 248 ( Argentina species); Callan 1954: 945 (faunal list); Maes & Staines 1991: 38 (faunal list); Staines 1996 (1997): 42 ( Nicaragua species); Maes 1998: 1020 (faunal list); Santiago-Blay 2004: 71 (host plants). Description. Head, antennae, and scutellum black; pronotum yellow, with a medial black band attenuate anteriorly and two narrow black lateral bands; elytra orangish-yellow with black anchor-like marking along suture on basal ½, apical ¼ black; legs black, base of the femora yellow (there are forms with the femora entirely yellow and others with the femora entirely black); venter black, with yellow maculae. Head: with faint medial sulcus; slightly depressed between eyes; vertex alutaceous; frons punctate, not projecting. Antenna: antennomeres 1 and 2 subglobose; 3–4 cylindrical; 5–10 transverse; 11 pointed at apex; 1–4 slightly compressed laterally. Pronotum: trapezoidal, surface covered with sparse, irregularly distributed large punctures, with a shallow longitudinal medial sulcus; lateral margin sinuate, constricted behind head; anterior angle with small tooth; posterior angle rounded; basal impression present; pronotal length 0.9–1.3 mm (n=20); pronotal width 1.3–1.8 mm . Scutellum: subcordate; alutaceous. Elytron: subparallel; lateral margin dentate; apices strongly dentate, individually rounded; with 10 puncture rows; scutellar row absent; intervals 2, 4, and 8 costate for entire length, interval 6 costate at base and apex; elytral length 5.8–6.4 mm ; elytral width 2.4–2.9 mm . Venter: pro-, meso-, metasterna, abdominal sterna 1 and 2 orange in center, black laterally; remainder of abdomen entirely black; abdominal sterna with row of punctures at apex. Leg: femur and tibia punctate. Length: 7.4–9.2 mm . Pupa. (from Uhmann 1953 ). Color bright brown, darkens with age; length less than that of adult. Head: not tuberculate; vertex with fine setae, 1 near antennal base and 2 nd near anterior margin of pronotum; labrum broadly triangular. Antenna: antennomeres distinct until apex, thickened after antennomere 5. Pronotum: with 3 setae on anterior ½; middle ⅓ with fine setae; basal ⅓ with a pair of strong setae in posterior angles; lateral margin on left with 3 setae, on right with 2 setae. Elytron: with ten rows of distinct punctures; costae distinct; apical margin dentate, with minute punctures each with seta. Venter: abdominal sterna 2–7 with broken transverse ridge and transverse impression in middle; sterna 4–6 with transverse row of six large cone-like setae in middle, setae curved; sternum 7 with transverse row of 8 cone-like setae; sternum 8 with four slender cones, 2 in middle and one in each side angle; sternum 9 with 2 slender cones in each side angle. Leg: with two large setae before apex and short seta on outer margin; ring of 4 setae on apex. Remarks. This species can be distinguished by the elytra without a scutellar row; by the vertex of the head having a faint medial sulcus; by antennomeres 1 and 2 being subglobose; and by the irregularly punctate disc of the pronotum. FIGURES 1–4. Habitus of Oxychalepus species. 1 . Oxychalepus alienus . 2. Oxychalepus anchora . 3. Oxychalepus angulatus . 4. Oxychalepus balyanus . Host plant. Canavalia ensiformis DC , C. spontanea (sic), Dioclea sp. , Cymbosema sp. , Phaseolus sp. (Fabaceae) ( Bondar 1929 ); Solanum auriculatum Rojas (Solanaceae) ( Maulik 1937 ); Calopogonium mucunoides ( Silva 1938 ) ; Glycine max ( Schlottfeldt 1944b ) ; Mucuna mutisiana DC (Fabaceae) ( Uhmann 1953 ). Distribution. Argentina , Belize , Bolivia , Brazil , Colombia , Costa Rica , Ecuador , El Salvador , Guatemala , Honduras , México , Nicaragua , Panamá , Paraguay , Peru , Trinidad (BWI), and Venezuela . Specimens examined. ?: New Amsterdam (BPBM). Argentina . No further data ( DEI ) . Belize . Cayo : El Cayo , 1959 ( USNM ) . Bolivia . Cochabinba : Chapas Villa Gral Roman , i.1952 ( USNM ) . La Paz : Coroica , Nuasinillo , 12.ii.1949 ( USNM ) ; Coroica nr. Yungas , 27.xii.1948 ( USNM ) ; Puerto Villa , 4300’, 26.v.1989 ( FSCA ) ; Sud Yungas , Ocobaya , Finca Colaya , 1.i.1949 ( USNM ) . Santa Cruz : Buena Vista , iii.1954 ( USNM ) ; Potrerillos del Guenda res., elev. 1322 ft. , 6–12.i.2005 ( UGAC ) . Nor. Yungas : La Paz , Pankarani , 17.iv.2007 ( BYUC ) . Brazil . No further data ( DEI ) .?: Chapada ( USNM ) . Bahia : no further data ( BPBM ) . Distrito Federal : 8 km W Planaltina , 7.x.1993 ( BPBM ) . Mato Grosso : 8 km W Chapada dos Guimarãesi , 27.x.1993 ( BPBM ) ; Pq. Mae Bonifica , Cuiba , 1.i.2004 ( BYUC ) . Rondonia : 62 km SW Ariquemes , nr. Fzda. Rancho Grande , 30.iii–10.iv.1992 ( FSCA ) , 6–15.xii.1990 ( EGRC ) ; Rancho Grande , 15.x.1993 ( BPBM ) . São Paulo : Jabaquara , 4.ii.1934 ( USNM ) ; 10 mi W Sorocaba , 21.ii.1980 ( EGRC ) . Colombia . ?: La Basa ( INSB ) . Cundinamarca : Anapoima , 9.x.1965 ( USNM ) ; Fusagasuga , 12.vii.1965 ( USNM ) ; Melgar , 11.xi.1965 , 12.vii.1965 , 8.viii.1965 ( USNM ) ; Sassaima , 19.iii.1965 ( USNM ) ; Villeta , 19.iii.1965 ( USNM ) . Tolima : no further data ( DEI ) ; Ibagué ( DEI ) ; 10 mi E. Ibaguo , 9.iii.1955 ( CASC ) . Honda: Tolima , 18.vi.1965 ( USNM ) . Meta : Restrepo , 2.x.1965 ( USNM ) ; Villavicencio , ix.85, 18.ix.1965 ( USNM ) . Costa Rica . no further data ( DEI ) . Cartago : Turrialba ( DEI ) . Guanacaste : Lomas Barbudal Res. , 16.vii.1969 ( PMNH ) . Limón : Hamburg Farm , 5.ix.1922 ( DEI ) . Puntarenas : 4 km N Tarcoles , 21–28.xii.1979 ( LACM ) ; San José : San José ( DEI ) ; 5 km SW San Isidro , 7.viii.1990 ( TAMU ) . Ecuador . Dos Rios : Quevedo , 31.viii.2002 ( USNM ) . Napo : vic. Puerto Misshuai , 1650–1900 ft. , 6–19.ix.1998 ( FSCA ) . El Salvador . La Libertad : La Libertad , 10 m , 15.xii.1972 ( FSCA ) . San Salvador : Santa Tecla , 9.iv.1957 ( USNM ) . Guatemala . Huehuetenango : Concepcion , 1400 ft. ( USNM ) . Izabal : Quebradas , v.1919 ( USNM ) . Honduras . ?: Tegucigalpa , 3.ix.1917 ( USNM ) . Morzan : Esc. Agr. Pan. , Zamorpano , 2600 ft. , 1.vii.1948 ( USNM ) . Santa Barbara : vic. Agua Azul , 30.v.1993 ( FSCA ) . México . Colima : Colima ( USNM ) ; Colima Vulcano ( USNM ) . Guerrero : Acapulco , 30.vii, vii.1955 ( USNM ) ; 7 mi. W El Ocotito , 16.ix.1989 ( UGAC ) . Morelos : Cuernavaca ( USNM ) . Tabasco : La Chontalpa , 29.iv.1973 ( USNM ) . San Luis Potosi : 37 mi S San Luis Potosi , 23.viii.1981 ( CASC ) . Veracruz : Catemaco , 15.viii.1979 ( USNM ) ; Cordoba , 12.vi, 3.v.1900 , 18.iv.1900 ( USNM ) ; Lake Catemaco , 10– 18.vii.1963 ( USNM ) . Nicaragua . No further data ( SEAN ) . Panamá . ?: Los Santos Laboratorio , Los Achetines , 3 km E Verado , 23.vi.1996 ( TAMU ) . Bocas del Toro : 1 km S of oil storage facility, SE of Chiriquí Grande , i.15.2000 ( USNM ) . Chiriquí : 7 km SE Fortuna Dam , 12.v.1991 , 1100 m ( HPSC ) ; 25 mi NW David , 13.v.1960 ( USUC ) ; Lino ( DEI ) ; Plan de Chorcha , 29.v.1993 ( EGRC ) . Panamá : Fort Kobbe , 20.vi.1976 ( USNM ) , 28.vi.1974 ( FSCA ) , 1.xi.1983 , 3.xii.1995 ( HPSC ) ; Far Fan Spillway , 15.iii.1991 ( HPSC ) . Paraguay . Caazapa : Sierra de Amambay , xi.1929 ( USNM ) . Cordillera : Inst. Agro. Nac. Caocape , 17– 20.i.1983 ( EGRC ) . Peru . No further data ( DEI ) . Loreto : 100 mi NE Iquitos , 20.iii.1969 ( FSCA ) ; Jungle Amazon Inn , 30 mi E. Iquitos on Amazon River , 30.xii.1984 – 5.i.1985 ( FSCA ) . Trinidad : no further data ( NHRS ) . Talparo , 5–24.vii.1989 , 7–25.vi.1991 ( FSCA ) ; 3.3 mi SSW Talparo , 21.vi.1991 ( FSCA ) . Venezuela . Aragua : Rancho Grande , Estacion Aragua , vii.1941 ( USNM ) . Bolívar : Cuidad Bolívar , 28.viii.1898 ( USNM ) . Mérida : Mérida , 1700–2300 m , xi.1960 ( DEI ) . Monagas : 60 km SE Matuin , 1.vii.1958 ( LACM ) . Total : 150 .