A taxonomic review of the genus Isocopris Pereira and Martínez, 1960 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae), with description of a new Brazilian species Author Rossini, Michele Author Vaz-de-Mello, Fernando Z. text Journal of Natural History 2017 J. Nat. Hist. 2017-05-17 51 19 - 20 1091 1117 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222933.2017.1319517 journal article 10.1080/00222933.2017.1319517 1464-5262 5181292 8F7F824F-057A-41FE-956E-E0A633BCA3A5 Isocopris inhiatus ( Germar, 1824 ) ( Figures 1 and 8 (d)) Copris inhiata Germar, 1824: 99 Pinotus inhiatus Harold, 1869: 131 Pinotus francanus Luederwaldt, 1922: 4 Isocopris inhiatus Pereira and Martínez, 1960: 53 Description Large-sized individuals, body length 25 – 36 mm , body black to dark brown and shining, base of elytra often sericeous with bluish and whitish iridescences. Antennal club yellow to orange. Head : clypeal margin evenly curved and slightly elongated forward, either feebly sinuated at middle or completely rounded, margin weakly reflexed; head margin slightly notched at the clypeo-genal junction, male with a fronto-clypeal horn, conical to cylindrical and rounded at the apex; horn flanked by two low carinae aligned with its back, female with a fronto-clypeal carina, transversal and straight, with a rounded to obtusely acuminated tubercle at middle. Male with clypeus shallowly wrinkled, anterior side of cephalic horn with fine punctures, frons and genae coarsely punctuated, female with head slightly convex (in lateral view) and completely wrinkled, frons with coarse punctures. Thorax : pronotum very robust and convex, anterior side almost vertical above the head, superior margin weakly sinuated, with two rounded and very feeble humps separated by a median depression, anterior side of pronotum with very shallow and transverse punctures, pronotal disc finely punctuated, more strongly punctuated in female, dorsum of pronotum with a longitudinal and medial sulcus. Bead of the anterior margin of pronotum normally with parallel sides, pronotum with a series of small granules behind the bead. Elytra distinctly convex and swollen, striae not very impressed, interstriae weakly convex, smooth and with fine to inconspicuous punctures. Prosternal surface with a few shallow punctures, base of prosternum with short setae, mesosternum finely shagreened, with coarse and setose punctures, metasternum completely punctuated and covered by orange to brownish hairs, long and straight, metasternal surface with a longitudinal and medial sulcus distinctly marked at the base. Abdomen : pygidial margin usually incompletely bordered at the apex. Legs : fore tibiae with superior and inner surface coarsely punctuated, apical spur acuminate and distinctly curved downward and inward, inner and apical angle of protibiae with few and straight setae, apical spur of the hind tibiae truncated at the apex. Male genitalia : parameres and endophallic lamellae as illustrated in Figure 1 (c – f). Figure 1. Isocopris inhiatus . (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e–f) Lamella copulatrix and secondary accessory lamella. Figure 2. Isocopris hypocrita . (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e–f) Lamella copulatrix and secondary accessory lamella. Distribution Brazil : Maranhão, Bahia, Goiás, Minas Gerais, São Paulo , Distrito Federal, Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul ; Argentina : Misiones ( Figure 8 (d)) . Species of cerrado and transitional forests, reaching the western border of the Brazilian Atlantic forest . Figure 3. Isocopris imitator . (a, d) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (b–c) Details of the pronotal and elytral punctuation. (e–f) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (g) Lamella copulatrix. (h) Apical spur of the fore tibia. Remarks Among the material examined, one female deposited at the CEMT and collected in Rio de Janeiro is here reported as an episodic appearance. FZVM received this specimen from the doorkeeper of the building where he used to live in Rio de Janeiro city, who captured the beetle right in front of the same building, inside a completely urbanised area with no nearby open vegetation and no cattle around. According to FZVM (personal observations), who collected extensively around the state, this specimen of I. inhiatus may have been transported to Rio de Janeiro from a close locality of the countryside. To our knowledge, I. inhiatus has never been mentioned as found in this Brazilian state. However, we admit this species may have been introduced in pastureland areas in Rio de Janeiro state . Figure 4. Isocopris nitidus . (a, d) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (b–c) Details of the pronotal and elytral punctuation. (e–f) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (g) Lamella copulatrix. Type specimens examined Of Copris inhiata : lectotype here designated ( 1 ♂ ZMHB ): 1: SYNTYPUS , Copris inhiata Germar 1824 , labelled by MNHUB 2011 (printed on red label). 2: inhiata , gm, Brasil , V. Olf (handwritten on green label with black border). 3: 10,294 (printed on cream label). 4: LECTOTYPE , Copris inhiata Ger., 1824 , ♂ , des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2011 (printed and handwritten on red label with black border). Paralectotypes ( 1 ♂ MNHN ): 1: triangular label (green). 2: type germari (handwritten on cream label). 3: Brasilia, P. inhiatus, Germar (handwritten in italic on cream label with red border). 4: Ex Musaeo E. Harold (printed on cream label with black border). 5: PARALECTOTYPE , Copris inhiata Ger., 1824 , ♂ , des. F.Z. Vaz-de- Mello, 2011 (printed and handwritten on yellow label with black border). ( 1 ♂, 2 ♀♀ ZMHB ): 1: Hist.-Coll. ( Coleoptera ), Nr. 10294, Pinotus inhiata Germ. , Brasil ., v. Olf., Zool. Mus. Berlin (printed on green label with black border). 2: SYNTYPUS , Copris inhiata Germar 1824 , labelled by MNHUB 2011 (printed on red label). 3: PARALECTOTYPE , Copris inhiata Ger., 1824 , des. F.Z. Vaz-de-Mello, 2011 (printed and handwritten on yellow label with black border). Figure 5. Isocopris foveolatus . (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. Of Pinotus francanus : holotype ( 1 ♂ MZSP ): 1: Franca , (E.S.P.), 18.765 (Luederwaldt ’ s handwritting). 2: Pinotus , inhiatus G. ♂ , ( francanus m.), Lüd. det. 22 (Luederwaldt ’ s handwritting). 3: 17.366 (printed). Other specimens examined ARGENTINA : Misiones : Loreto ( 1 ♂ CEMT ) . Candelaria. San Ignacio. XII-1960 ( 1 ♀ CMNC ) . BRAZIL : Bahia : Encruzilhada . XII-1980 ( 3 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ CMNC ) . Distrito Federal : Brasília. XI – 1992 ( 1 ♂ CEMT ) . Goiás : Mineiros. 15 – III – 2011 ( 2 ♀♀ CEMT ); Mato Grosso do Figure 6. Isocopris tarsalis . (a–b) Dorsal habitus of male and female. (c–d) Dorsal and lateral side of the parameres. (e) Tarsal claw. Sul : Campo Grande ( 2 ♂♂ CEMT ) . Corumbá . 19°36 ʹ 44 ” S , 56°56 ʹ 50 ’ W ( 1 ♀ CEMT ) . Maranhão : Carolina . 14 – 16 – II – 2010 ( 1 ♂ CEMT ) . Minas Gerais : Águas Vermelhas . IX – 1994 ( 1 ♂ CEMT ) . Bocaiúva . Fazenda Corredor. 5 – X – 1998 ( 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ CEMT ) . Conceição dos Ouros . Rio Sapucaí ( 2 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ CEMT ) . Cordisburgo . Fazenda Pontinha. ( 1 ♂ , 5 ♀♀ CEMT; 2 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ CMNC ) . Diamantina . Campus UFVJM ( 2 ♂♂ CEMT ) . Ibitira . XI – 1990 ( 2 ♂♂ , 3 ♀♀ CEMT ) . Lavras . 3 – III – 2007 ( 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ CEMT ) . Martinho Campos. II – 1992 ( 1 ♂ CEMT ) . Montes Claros. I – 2000 ( 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ CEMT ) . Taboca ( 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ CEMT ) . Pouso Alegre. XI – II – 1965 ( 1 ♀ CEMT ) . Paraná : Palmeira . 15 – XII – 1941 ( 1 ♀ MAPA ) . Ponte Grossa ( V. Velha ) . II – 1944 ( 1 ♂ MAPA ; 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ CMNC ) . Rio de Janeiro : Rio de Janeiro . 07 – II – 1986 (erroneous locality, 1 ♀ CEMT) . Rio Grande do Sul : Cêrro Largo ( 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ MAPA ) . São Martinho. 27° 44 ʹ 14 ’’ S , 53°54 ʹ 27 ” W . 15 – XI – 2010 ( 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ CEMT ) . Três de Maio . XII – 2003 ( 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ CEMT ) . São Paulo : São Carlos . 14 – II – 2012 ( 1 ♀ CEMT ) . São José dos Campos ( 1 ♂ , 2 ♀♀ CEMT ) . Campos do Jordão ( 1 ♀ CEMT ) . No locality : ( 1 ♂ CEMT ) .