The genus Minettia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Diptera: Lauxaniidae: Lauxaniinae) from the Oriental Region with descriptions of seventeen new species Author Li, Wenliang 0000-0001-9019-1223 College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China. & laughonce @ 126. com; wenliangli @ haust. edu. cn; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9019 - 1223 wenliangli@haust.edu.cn Author Bai, Yingming 0000-0003-2605-8924 College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China. & baiym 0923 @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 2605 - 8924 Author Yang, Ding 0000-0002-7685-3478 Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China. & dyangcau @ 126. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7685 - 3478 text Zootaxa 2023 2023-03-20 5256 3 201 249 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5256.3.1 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5256.3.1 1175-5326 7751440 C4629899-BDC2-4A22-99AB-2D4A93FCBB13 Key to separate species of the subgenus Plesiominettia (modified from Shi et al ., 2015 ) 1. Mesonotum with presutural dorsocentral setae.............................................................. 2 - Mesonotum without presutural dorsocentral setae............................................................ 4 2. Head with orbits yellow ( Figs. 81 , 101 )................................................................... 3 - Head with orbits not as above....................................................... M . ( P .) ishidai (Sasakawa) 3. Face with one yellow median longitudinal stripe; first flagellomere yellow; acrostichal setulae in six rows; mesonotum with five white longitudinal stripes ( Fig. 84 )................................................. M . ( P .) orbitalis sp. nov. - Face without yellow longitudinal stripe; first flagellomere only yellow at base ( Fig. 101 ); acrostichal setulae in eight rows; mesonotum with three white longitudinal stripes ( Fig. 104 )............................. M . ( P .) spiniphallata sp. nov. 4. Mesonotum without strong acrostichal seta before prescutellar setae............................................. 5 - Mesonotum with 1–2 pairs of strong acrostichal setae before prescutellar setae.................................... 11 5. Body entirely yellow.................................................................. M . ( P .) filia (Becker) - Body partly black or entirely brown to black................................................................ 6 6. Acrostichal setulae in eight irregular rows; male genitalia: epandrium and surstylus fused; phallus broad and truncate apically ................................................................................................... 7 - Acrostichal setulae in six rows; male genitalia: epandrium and surstylus articulate; phallus narrow or rounded apically..... 8 7. Frons with two black longitudinal stripes along fronto-orbital rows and one triangular black longitudinal stripe extending from ocellar triangle to anterior margin of frons; abdominal tergites bicolored ( Fig. 5 ); syntergosternite circular ( Fig. 8 ); phallapodeme slightly shorter than phallus ( Fig. 9 ).................................................. M . ( P .) bicolorata sp. nov - Frons without longitudinal stripe; parafacial with one blackish brown spot between eye and antennal bases; abdominal tergites blackish brown; syntergosternite semicircular; phallapodeme shorter than 1/4 length of phallus.............................................................................................. M . ( P .) tridentata Shi, Gaimari et Yang 8. Face yellow with a large black round median spot above ventral margin; arista bare; abdominal tergites 2–5 each with brownish yellow posterior margin............................................................ M . ( P .) gemmata Shatalkin - Face brown to black without black medial spot; rays of arista with longest setulae shorter than 1/3 height of 1st flagellomere or longer than half height of 1st flagellomere; abdominal tergites 2–5 without brownish yellow posterior margin............ 9 9. Arista pubescent, rays of arista with longest setulae shorter than 1/3 height of 1st flagellomere; abdomen black or blackish brown with pruinescence.............................................................................. 10 - Arista plumose, rays of arista with longest setulae as long as 3/5–4/5 height of 1st flagellomere; abdominal tergites brownish yellow along medial line and dark brown to black on lateral margins.......................... M . ( P .) gemina Shatalkin 10. Frons with a pair of black longitudinal stripes along fronto-orbital rows, extending from ocellar triangle to occiput; parafacial without black spot ( Fig. 110 ); hind femur without anterior ventral seta; male genitalia ( Figs. 115–119 ): syntergosternite circular, surstylus scabbard-shaped, with one forward spiny process near base........................ M . ( P .) surstylata sp. nov. - Frons without black longitudinal stripes; parafacial with one black spot between eye and base of antenna; hind femur with a row of anterior ventral setae; male genitalia: syntergosternite semicircular, surstylus with narrow double processes in lateral view.................................................................. M. ( P .) nigrantennata Shi, Gaimari et Yang 11. Mesonotum with two pairs of strong acrostichal setae....................................................... 12 - Mesonotum with one pair of strong acrostichal setae........................................................ 14 12. Body black except frons, face, mesonotum, scutellum and metanotum yellow; male genitalia: surstylus less prominent (Remm and Elberg 1979: Fig. 13 ).............................................................. M . ( P .) loewi (Schiner) - Body entirely brown to black; male genitalia: surstylus short broad or otherwise shaped............................ 13 13. Arista with longest setulae as long as 1/7 height of 1st flagellomere; frons and legs entirely brown; male genitalia: surstylus widened apically and narrow subapically, with a small concavity at middle of apical edge.......... M . ( P .) helvola (Becker) - Arista short plumose, rays of arista with longest setulae at least longer than 1/3 height of 1st flagellomere; frons yellow on anterior 1/5; legs dark brown except base of tibiae and tarsi yellowish; male genitalia: surstylus consisting of outer process narrow basally and bifurcated apically, and inner process clubbed and slender in lateral view... M . ( P .) divaricata Sasakawa 14. Body entirely yellow................................................................................. 15 - Body mostly brown to black........................................................................... 16 15. Mesonotum without long acrostichal setulae; scutellum without large black lateral spots on lateral margin................................................................................................... M . ( P .) helva Czerny - Mesonotum with a pair of distinct acrostichal setulae as long as first postsutural dorsocentral setae; scutellum with a pair of large black lateral spots on lateral margin.............................................. M . ( P .) punctata Sasakawa 16. Mesonotum with acrostichal setulae in four to six rows...................................................... 17 - Mesonotum with acrostichal setulae in eight to ten rows...................................................... 27 17. Mesonotum with acrostichal setulae in six rows............................................................ 18 - Mesonotum with acrostichal setulae in four rows........................................................... 24 18. Frons with a pair of black longitudinal stripes along fronto-orbital rows......................................... 19 - Frons without black longitudinal stripes along fronto-orbital rows.............................................. 20 19. Head brownish yellow ( Fig. 11 ); fore femur with seven posterior ventral setae; surstylus fused with epandrium; connected by one U-shaped sclerite behind cercus in posterior view ( Fig. 17 )................................. M . ( P .) caii sp. nov - Head blackish brown ( Fig. 91 ); fore femur with five posterior ventral setae ( Fig. 93 ); surstylus separated from epandrium, without connected sclerite ( Fig. 97 )................................................... M . ( P .) prominens sp. nov. 20. Frons with two brownish yellow longitudinal stripes along fronto-orbital rows extending to ocellar triangle ( Fig. 71 ).................................................................................... M . ( P .) nujiangensis sp. nov. - Frons without brownish yellow longitudinal stripe.......................................................... 21 21. Anterior margin of mesonotum brownish yellow, with two brownish yellow longitudinal stripes along dorsocentral rows almost reaching the third post-sutural dorsocentral setae ( Fig. 44 ).................................. M . ( P .) huangi sp. nov. - Anterior margin of mesonotum blackish brown, without brownish yellow longitudinal stripe along dorsocentral rows..... 22 22. Ocellar setae almost 2 times longer than anterior fronto-orbital setae; rays of arista with longest setulae as long as 1/2 height of 1st flagellomere; stem vein brown; surstylus near cylindrical, curved apically ( Fig. 67 ); phallus with one median elongate oval sclerotized structure ( Fig. 69 )...................................................... M . ( P .) mediclavata sp. nov - Ocellar setae as long as or slightly longer than anterior fronto-orbital setae; rays of arista with longest setulae as long as 1/4 height of 1st flagellomere; stem vein not as above; surstylus slender; phallus not as above........................... 23 23. Haltere pale yellow ( Fig. 53 ); male genitalia ( Figs. 56–60 ): syntergosternite with a pair of small ventral processes; surstylus bifurcated in lateral view; phallus without sharp apical processes........................... M . ( P .) ludingensis sp. nov. - Haltere with knob brown; male genitalia: syntergosternite with one broad ventral processes; surstylus not bifurcated; phallus with four sharp apical processes..................................................... M . ( P .) crassulata Shatalkin 24. Rays of arista with longest setulae as long as 1/4 or 1/2 height of 1st flagellomere; male genitalia: surstylus articulated with epandrium.......................................................................................... 25 - Rays of arista with longest setulae as long as or slightly longer than basal height of arista; male genitalia: epandrium and surstylus fused...................................................................................... 26 25. Arista with longest setulae as long as 1/4 height of first flagellomere ( Fig. 21 ); surstylus long clavate ( Fig. 27 ); postgonite cylindrical and shorter than phallus ( Fig. 29 )............................................... M . ( P .) cuiae sp. nov. - Arista with longest setulae as long as 1/2 height of first flagellomere; surstylus long falcate; postgonite poorly developed..................................................................... M . ( P .) flavoscutellata Shi, Gaimari et Yang 26. Halter dark brown except stem yellowish at base; male genitalia: surstylus slender and curved, claviform, acute apically................................................................................. M . ( P .) fuscescens Shatalkin - Halter entirely yellow; male genitalia: surstylus short and rounded apically.................. M . ( P .) tenebrica Shatalkin 27. Body yellow to dark yellow; male genitalia: surstylus with a pair of very long aciculiform processes................................................................................... M . ( P .) longaciculiformis Shi, Gaimari et Yang - Body brown to black; male genitalia with short claviform process or process shaped otherwise....................... 28 28. Mid tibia with one strong apicoventral setae............................................................... 29 - Mid tibia with two strong apicoventral setae............................................................... 30 29. Wing brown at base ( Fig. 32 ); male genitalia ( Figs. 36–40 ): syntergosternite semicircular; surstylus absent; pregonite longer than phallus; phallus with one trident sclerotized structure inside...................... M . ( P .) dulongjiangensis sp. nov. - Wing yellow at base; male genitalia: syntergosternite circular; surstylus claviform narrowing gradually, with a tiny median process and tiny setulae in lateral view; postgonite shorter than phallus; phallus without trident sclerotized structures inside.................................................................................... M . ( P .) omei Shatalkin 30. Acrostichal setulae in ten irregular rows; male genitalia: surstylus with a long clubbed process, curved ventrally at tip................................................................................... M . ( P .) longistylis Sasakawa - Acrostichal setulae in eight rows; male genitalia: surstylus with an acute geniculate outer process and a curved aciculiform inner process......................................................... M . ( P .) zhejiangica Shi, Gaimari et Yang