Ostracods from the ‘ Raibl Beds’ (Carnian, Late Triassic) of Belca section in Karavanke Mountains, northwestern Slovenia Author Forel, Marie-Béatrice Author Kolar-Jurkovšek, Tea Author Jurkovšek, Bogdan text Geodiversitas 2020 2020-09-10 42 21 377 407 journal article 10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a21 bbf04a36-7745-4cd9-88dd-a82d65f2d04f 1638-9395 4447609 urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7EC0E4FA-D538-4CE2-91B8-D7F549C32985 Renngartenella sanctaecrucis Kristan-Tollmann in Kristan-Tollmann & Hamedani, 1973 ( Figs 7 T , U ; 8 A-E) Renngartenella sanctaecrucis Kristan-Tollmann in Kristan-Tollmann & Hamedani, 1973: 215 , 217-219, pl. 8, figs 1-6; pl. 11, figs 1, 3, 5, 6; pl. 12, fig. 10 — Liebermann 1979: 215 , pl. 5, fig. 2 — Basha 1982: pl. 1, fig. 15 — Gerry et al. 1990: 96, pl. 1, figs 11-13 — Monostori 1994: 320 , 322, figs 5/5-7 — Keim et al. 2001: fig. 8C. EXAMINED MATERIAL . — More than 60 isolated valves. OCCURRENCE. — Julian, early Carnian, Late Triassic, Heiligkreuz Formation, Italy (Kristan-Tollmann & Hamedani 1973); Carnian, LateTriassic, Italian Alps ( Liebermann 1979 ); Cordevolian, Carnian, Late Triassic, Jordan (Basha 1982); Carnian, Late Triassic, Devora-2A and Ramallah-1 boreholes, Israel (Gerry et al. 1990); Early Carnian, LateTriassic, Balatón Highland, Hungary ( Monostori 1994 ); Carnian, Late Triassic, Heiligkreuz Formation, Dolomites, Northern Italy (Keim et al. 2001); Nicoraella ? budaensis conodont zone, late Julian-?earliest Tuvalian, Carnian, Late Triassic, samples BE2, 18 ( Fig. 3 ), Belca section, ‘Raibl Beds’, Karavanke Mountains, Slovenia (this work). DIMENSIONS. — Fig. 9. DISCUSSION Renngartenella sanctaecrucis has been found in samples BE2 and BE18 of the Belca section ( Fig. 3 ). While it is rare in sample BE18, it is very abundant in sample BE2. In the present state of our knowledge, R. sanctaecrucis is restricted to the Julian, early Carnian, Late Triassic. The length and height of all specimens available in the literature and in the present work are plotted in Fig. 9 . The size range of left valves is wider than that of right valves, the smallest and largest known specimens being left valves. There is no overlap of the size of the left valves between Belca and other localities, those found in Belca being significantly smaller. The same is not true for right valves as the size of the type material from Italy (Kristan-Tollmann & Hamedani 1973) overlaps the range of the Belca specimens. To reconstruct the ontogeny of R. sanctaecrucis , we used the ontogenetic information provided in the literature and complete carapaces provide correlation points. Fig. 9 first shows that the size difference between left and right valves of complete carapaces is not important: this limited dispersal is an additional tool to discuss the possible ontogenetic stages of R. sanctaecrucis . The anchor points ensured by complete carapaces allow the identification of the largest two stages, identified as A-1 and Adult ( Fig. 9 ). The upper limit of the large scatter plot preceding A-1 is very close for both valves so that these larger specimens might correspond to A-2. The youngest juveniles identified are left valves, as shown by their significant size difference with the smallest right valves. However, in the absence of additional characters such as inner structures, it is nearly impossible to further subdivide this large scatter plot. A common lower limit can be identified as shown by the dashed line in Fig. 9 but no inner boundary can be recognized. Monostori (1994) formulated the hypothesis of sexual dimorphism for R. sanctaecrucis occurring in Hungary , elongate adults with narrowly arched posterior possibly being males. In Belca, only one right valve of adult has been identified so that the pattern discussed by Monostori (1994) cannot be recognized for adults at this locality. However, these two morphologies are visible in the present material, which also occur in the type material from the Heiligkreuz Formation in Italy (Kristan-Tollmann & Hamedani 1973). The first morphology has asymmetric anterior and posterior margins, with posterior end slightly subtriangular and maximum of curvature located lower than anterior one (Kristan-Tollmann & Hamedani 1973: pl. 8, figs 1-3, 5; Fig. 8C, E ). The second morphology is more rectangular in outline, with posterior end located higher and more rounded to subvertical at some specimens (Kristan-Tollmann & Hamedani 1973: pl. 8, figs 4, 6; Fig. 8A, B, D ). In the present state of our reconstruction, the two morphologies are visible very early in the development of this species. Following Monostori (1994) , we interpret the first morphology as being males and the second one as being females.