High level of endemism in Haiti’s last remaining forests: a revision of Modisimus (Araneae: Pholcidae) on Hispaniola, using morphology and molecules Author Huber, Bernhard A. Author Fischer, Nadine Author Astrin, Jonas J. text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2010 2010-01-25 158 2 244 299 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00559.x journal article 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00559.x 0024-4082 5438272 MODISIMUS TIBURON HUBER & FISCHER SP. NOV. ( Figs 51, 52 , 73 , 157–160 , 199 ) Type: Male holotype from ‘Case Dent’ ( 18°20.2 ′ N , 72°16.4 ′ W ), La Visite N. P. , Dept Sud-Est , Haiti ; 1880 m a.s.l. , ravine in pine forest, 27 November 2007 ( B.A. Huber ), in ZFMK ( Haiti 2a) . Etymology: The species name refers to the Tiburon Peninsula that encompasses Haiti’s southern coast; it is used as a noun in apposition. Diagnosis: Medium-sized species with distinctive epigynum shape ( Figs 51, 52 , 160 ). Similar to M. leprete sp. nov. , but distinguished by pattern of modified hairs on male chelicerae ( Fig. 158 ), larger epigynum, and relatively smaller and narrower pore plates ( Fig. 159 ). Also similar to M. enriquillo sp. nov. (palps and male chelicerae), but without apophyses on female sternum, and with different epigynum shape. Male ( holotype ): Total length, 3.1; carapace width, 1.5. Leg 1: 31.6 (8.3 + 0.6 + 8.3 + 11.2 + 3.2); tibia 2, 5.8; tibia 3, 4.8; tibia 4, 6.1. Tibia 1 L/d: 55. Habitus similar to M. seguin sp. nov. (cf. Figs 27–29 ), carapace pale ochre-white, with wide brown lateral margins posteriorly, thoracic furrow also dark brown, dark median spot posteriorly; ocular area and clypeus brown, clypeus with pair of lateral dark-brown bands; sternum medially brown with some light spots, laterally whitish; legs ochre to greenish brown, tips of femora and tibiae whitish, darker rings subdistally on femora and tibiae; abdomen bluish-grey, densely covered with black spots dorsally (except heart area) and laterally, with some small white spots forming disrupted lines; genital area and area in front of spinnerets light brown, bluish spot in between. Ocular area strongly elevated; thoracic furrow distinct. PME–PME, 175 Mm; PME diameter, 135 Mm; PME–ALE, 175 Mm; AME–AME, 20 Mm; AME diameter, 35 Mm. Sternum wider than long (1.1/0.9), unmodified. Chelicerae with patch of ~20 short modified hairs on each side ( Fig. 158 ). Palps as in Figure 157 , coxa with retrolateral apophysis, femur with rounded proximal and pointed distal ventral apophyses; procursus without dorsal spine-like process, bulb with large, weakly curved apophysis, and complex membranous and sclerotized subdistal projections. Legs without spines; all femora with many short vertical hairs; curved hairs on all tibiae and metatarsi; retrolateral trichobothrium of tibia 1 at 12%; prolateral trichobothrium missing on tibia 1, present on all other tibiae. Tarsus 1 with ~30 pseudosegments. Variation: Second male from type locality with a few weak spines distally on femur 2. Tibia 1 in two other males: 7.9 and 8.4. Female: In general similar to male, sternum with pair of low and indistinct elevations on posterior margin. Tibia 1 in eight females : 6.1–7.0 (mean 6.4). Epigynum, composed of two oval plates, with two pairs of brushes/combs of stronger hairs ( Figs 51, 52 , 160 ); dorsal view as in Figures 73 and 159 . Distribution: Known from two localities in Massif de la Selle, south-east Haiti ( Fig. 199 ). Near La Visite, this species was found in the thick layer of pine leaves overhanging an embankment (together with M. fuscus ); near Kenscoff, it was found in little cavities of rocks and soil in a ravine. Material examined: Haiti : Dept Sud-Est , La Visite N. P. , ‘ Case Dent’ : 1♂ , holotype above; same data, 1♂ , 7♀ and one juvenile ( ZFMK , Haiti 2); same data, 3♂ , 3♀ and three juveniles , in pure ethanol ( ZFMK , Haiti 67); La Visite N. P. , broadleaf forest patch (‘ Berac’ , 18°19.7 ′ N , 72°17.7 ′ W ), 1580 m a.s.l. , 27 November 2007 ( B.A. Huber ), 1♀ , in pure ethanol ( ZFMK , Haiti 68). Dept Ouest , near Kenscoff, at 18°27.5 ′ N , 72°17.4 ′ W , 1220 m a.s.l. , in escarpment of ravine, 10 December 2007 ( B.A. Huber ), 1♂ and 4♀ ( ZFMK , Haiti 25); same data, 2♂ , 1♀ and four juveniles , in pure ethanol ( ZFMK , Haiti 74) .