Aotidae Author Russell A. Mittermeier Author Anthony B. Rylands Author Don E. Wilson text 2013 2013-03-31 Lynx Edicions Barcelona Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 3 Primates 414 431 book chapter 3308 10.5281/zenodo.5726960 f1f8f2bc-f8d6-499e-b157-1fa7332846c0 5726960 4 . Brumback’s Night Monkey Aotus brumbacki French: Douroucouli de Brumback / German: Brumback-Nachtaffe / Spanish: Mico nocturno de Brumback Other common names: Brumback's Owl Monkey Taxonomy. Aotus brumbacki Hershkovitz, 1983 , Rio Paraguay area. Restricted by P. Hershkovitz in 1983 to the Villavicencio region, Department of Meta , Colombia . Previously considered a subspecies of A. lemurinus , but T. Defler and M. Bueno argued that its karyotype is distinct. Monotypic. Distribution. Poorly known, NC Colombia in the E of Boyaca Department , E to the highlands of Meta to at least 1500 m above sea level. It is unclear if this species occupies an enclave within the range of the Lemurine Night Monkey (A. lemurinus ) or if it replaces it in the NE part ofits distribution. Descriptive notes. No body measurements are available. Brumback’s Night Monkey is a gray-necked species, with a diploid chromosome number for both sexes of 50. Its dorsum is grayish-buffy agouti with a dark brown mid-dorsal zone, and the underside is pale orange, the tone extending to the elbows, knees, and lower throat. The entire side of the neck, including the area behind and below the ear, is grayish agouti or brownish agouti, like the flank and outer sides of the arms. There are well-marked, thin, brownish-black temporal stripes. The white above the eyes is yellowish, and the white on the face extends to the chin. The gular gland is long (5 cm) and thin. A short, longitudinal interscapular crest, with raised hairs,is directed backward and laterally— believed to be unique in the genus. Habitat. Closed canopy forest and gallery forest up to an elevation of 1500 m, but typically thought of as a lowland species. Brumback’s Night Monkeys sleep in hollow trees or dense vegetation. Food and Feeding. On the right bank of the Rio Duda in Tinigua National Natural Park, Colombia , Brumback’s Night Monkeys eat fruit (59%), insects and other invertebrates (28%), and flowers (13%). Breeding. There is no specific information on this species, but a birth peak appears to occur in October. Activity patterns. Brumback’s Night Monkeys are nocturnal and arboreal. The activity pattern is 33% resting, 32% traveling, 16% vocalizing, 15% foraging, and 3% engaging in social activity. Movements, Home range and Social organization. Social groups of Brumback’s Night Monkey consist of an adult pair and their infants, juveniles, and subadults, with a mean group size of three individuals. Home-range size of 17-5 ha over six months has been observed, with a mean nightly travel distance of 837 m over 53 nights. Status and Conservation. CITES Appendix II. Classified as Vulnerable on The IUCN Red List. The only place whereit is known to occur for certain is in the forests around Villavicencio, Meta Department , Colombia . There is widespread deforestation throughout its supposed distribution, and populations are thought to have declined by 30% over the past 24 years. The night monkey in Tinigua National Natural Park is believed to be Brumback’s Night Monkey, and it may also occur in the national natural parks of El Cocuy, El Tuparro, and La Macarena. Bibliography. Defler (2003, 2004), Defler & Bueno (2007), Hershkovitz (1983), Solano (1995, 1996), Uribe (1989).