Revision of the Hawaiian endemic leaf-mining moth genus Philodoria Walsingham (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae): its conservation status, host plants and descriptions of thirteen new species Author Kobayashi, Shigeki 0000-0002-1336-4730 crossroad1994@hotmail.co.jp Author Johns, Chris A. 0000-0002-1749-3847 Author Kawahara, Akito Y. 0000-0002-1749-3847 text Zootaxa 2021 2021-03-17 4944 1 1 175 journal article 7393 10.11646/zootaxa.4944.1.1 8adfa0f6-06a7-44b5-a3be-351d0bdc7a62 1175-5326 4681813 380D2F75-D4F9-4974-97E2-25E0C62CB3B0 Philodoria platyphylliella Kobayashi, Johns & Kawahara sp. n. Figs. 22D , 50I , 51G , 52G , 75D–G , 87G–I . Philodoria sp. 14; Johns et al . 2018 : figs. 1A, 2. Type locality. Nakula Natural Area Reserve (Maui). Etymology. The specific epithet, platyphylliella , refers to the species epithet of Dubautia platyphylla , its host plant. Type material. Holotype ♂, Nakula Nar , Maui Is. , 11.viii.2014 (stored), C.A. Johns leg., host: Dubautia platyphylla , 26.vii.2014 , CJ363, SK833♂ in BPBM . Paratype ♂, same locality and data as holotype, 10.viii.2014 (stored), CJ358, PHIL0026 (only abdomen) in BPBM . The holotype was mounted as a dry pinned specimen by placing two forewings without mountant under a coverslip. The head, antenna, thorax, and legs of paratype were sacrificed for molecular analysis. Additional material. 1♀ , same locality and data as holotype , 12.viii.2014 (stored), CJ368, PHIL0025 genitalia missing in BPBM . Diagnosis. The forewing pattern similar to that of P. nigrelloides (Swezey) and P. touchardiella (Swezey) , but is differs from them by having a darker brown forewing with a blue to fuscous patch at its apex ( Fig. 22D ). The male genitalia is similar to that of P. touchardiella , but is distinguished by its rather thick saccus. Description: Adult ( Fig. 22D , 75D–G ). Forewing length 3.4, 3.6 mm in holotype . Head bronze; frons white; maxillary palpus pale bronze; labial palpus white basal half, bronze at apex; Antenna bronze, about 1.1–1.2 x length of forewing. Thorax dark brown. Forewing dun to bronze with three oblique white streaks: ds 2 at about 2/5, extends to about middle of wing; a smaller ds 3 at 2/3. a small costal spot at near base; cs 3 from 3/4, extending about 2/3 across wing; apical portion dark orangish brown with a large as of blue scales; a blue to fuscous patch at 4/5; few shiny gray spot at the middle of apical portion; cilia fuscous mixed dark brown scales with three white costal spots ( a, b, c ) at apex; black bl 1 at terminal cilia. Hindwing and cilia fuscous. Abdomen bronze, white beneath. Legs fuscous. Male genitalia ( Figs. 50I , 51G , 52G ) (n=2). Capsule 800 µm . Tegumen 0.9 x length of valva; valva 590 µm long, tapering along costal margin from basal 1/2 to apex ( Fig. 50I ). Saccus digitiform in ventral view ( Fig. 51G ). Phallus 500 µm long and straight, slightly widening at phallobase with developed coecum; cornuti in vesica indistinct ( Fig. 52G ). Female genitalia Unknown. Distribution. Maui. Host plants. Asteraceae : Dubautia platyphylla (A.Gray) D.D.Keck. Dubautia platyphylla is rare and restricted to Maui. We surveyed a small population of this plant species within Nakula Natural Area Reserve, Maui, in July 2014 ( Fig. 69C, D ). This plant population was located on a steep drainage and was out of reach of ungulates, goat, pig, and deer. Biology. ( Fig. 87G–I ). Larvae form an oblong blotch mine ( Fig. 87G–I ). Pupation occurs in the white cocoon on the adaxial leaf surface ( Fig. 87I ).