Revision of the morphology, phylogenetic relationships, behaviour and diversity of the Iberian and Italian ant-like Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 (Diptera: Hybotidae) Author Gonçalves, Ana Rita 1A0C6FC2-1273-4DFD-A306-874D90860F61 Computational Biology and Population Genomics Group, cE 3 c, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal. ana.goncalves@mail.mcgill.ca Author Grootaert, Patrick B80BC556-9087-4D0D-9D69-7FA9BE5779C4 Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium and Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore. pgrootaert@yahoo.co.uk Author Andrade, Rui 36D41774-1466-4297-BB51-CCCEEE6DCB4E Rua Calouste Gulbenkian 237 4 H 3, 4050 - 145 Porto, Portugal. ruiamandrade@yahoo.com Author Paulo, Octávio S. 2F8855AC-67EC-47BC-ADF5-019EAF332A7A Computational Biology and Population Genomics Group, cE 3 c, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749 - 016 Lisboa, Portugal. ofpaulo@fc.ul.pt Author Mengual, Ximo A509310D-B567-4830-B8A4-BCB139BB8768 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz-Institut f ̹ r Biodiversität der Tiere, Adenauerallee 160, 53113, Bonn, Germany. X.Mengual@leibniz-zfmk.de text European Journal of Taxonomy 2021 2021-01-25 732 1 56 journal article 8644 10.5852/ejt.2021.732.1213 e98cc372-5374-45f3-b965-c57d9a916566 2118-9773 4471717 39F0C998-10AE-44BF-B1ED-7593AD4AE3AA Tachydromia stenoptera Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: AB1CBE5D-22D9-4153-9EE5-FA711157B977 Figs 1 , 14 , 15 G–H, 17 G–H, 19 G, 21 F–G Diagnosis Overall very dark. Wing dimorphic: male stenopterous; wing with slightly lobed distal apex, dark for most part and lobe black and white; female micropterous, wing bilobate. Palpi, proboscis and antennae black; postpedicel lanceolate, ca 1.5 times as long as pedicel. Legs almost completely black. Abdomen black, tergites mostly glabrous and without grey microtrichia. Etymology The name of this species means ‘narrow wing’ and derives from the combination of two Greek words: the prefix steno- ( stenos ), meaning ‘narrow’, with the suffix -ptera ( pterá ), meaning ‘wing’. Hence, the name reflects the very narrow lobed distal apex of the male wing. Type material examined Holotype PORTUGAL • 1 ♂ ; Gouveia , São Pedro ; 40°29′10.9″ N , 7°34′38.5″ W ; 25 Apr. 2013 ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg.; RBINS . Paratypes PORTUGAL • 1 ♂♂ , 5 ♀♀ ; Gouveia , São Pedro ; 40°29′10.9″ N , 7°34′38.5″ W ; 25 Apr. 2013 ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg.; RBINS • 5 ♂♂ , 5 ♀♀ ; Guarda , Panóias de Cima ; 40°29′10.2″ N , 7°13′18.4″ W ; 1 Apr. 2017 ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg.; RBINS . Additional examined material PORTUGAL • 1 ♀ ; Manteigas , São Pedro ; 40º19′07.0″ N , 7º34′37.4″ W ; 25 Apr. 2013 ; A.R. Gonçalves leg. • 2 ♂♂ , 9 ♀♀ ; Gouveia , São Pedro ; 40°29′10.9″ N , 7°34′38.5″ W ; 25 Apr. 2013 ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg. • 3 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Guarda , Panóias de Cima ; 40°29′10.2″ N , 7°13′18.4″ W ; 1 Apr. 2017 ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg. • 5 ♂♂ , 5 ♀♀ ; same collection data as for preceding; ZFMK • 4 ♂♂ , 1 ♀ ; Guarda , Adão ; 40°27′03.0″ N , 7°09′41.8″ W ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg. • 3 ♂♂ , 4 ♀♀ ; Sabugal , Quadrazais ; 40°18′30.6″ N , 6°59′08.7″ W ; 1 Apr. 2017 ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg. • 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ; Sabugal , Seixo do Côa ; 40°24′48.0″ N , 7°01′07.6″ W ; 1 Apr. 2017 ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg. • 1 ♂ , 4 ♀♀ ; Sabugal , Fóios ; 40°17′43.3″ N , 6°52′38.9″ W ; 1 Apr. 2017 ; A.R. Gonçalves and R. Andrade leg. Description Similar to Tachydromia cantabrica sp. nov. except for the following: Male MEASUREMENTS. Body length: 2.1–2.8 mm (n = 5). Wing length: 0.8 mm– 0.9 mm (n = 5). HEAD. Lateroclinate ocellars same length as postpedicel. Proclinate verticals ca ¾ as long as postpedicel. ANTENNA. Postpedicel lanceolate, ca 2 times as long as pedicel. THORAX. Postpronotal lobe bearing ca 7 setae laterally, ca 6 acrostichal setae, scattered; notopleuron with 1 strong, prominent seta; 6 small setae near mesothoracic spiracle. WING. Slightly lobed distal apex, without digitation ( Fig. 21F ). LEGS. Overall black; ventral and dorsal posterior surface of coxae, trochanter, basal 0.1 ventral surface of femora and knees, paler. Fore tibia bearing sparse ciliation of hair-like setae slightly longer than maximum diameter of tibia. Mid tibia anteroventral apical spur with 4 short, stout, curved spinose setae on distal half margin. ABDOMEN. Tergites with grey microtrichia only on anterior margin of tergite 1 and near spiracles; sternites overall covered by grey microtrichia. Tergites with few and scattered setae, mostly present on posteromarginal surface and near spiracles; sternites with evenly distributed setae; apical sternites with long, distinct setae. Fig. 14. Terminalia of Tachydromia stenoptera Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. , holotype (RBINS). A . Right surstylus and right epandrial lamella. B . Epandrium with cerci. C . Left epandrial lamella and left surstylus. D–E . Right surstylus. Scale bar: 0.1 mm. Fig. 15. Habitus of live specimens of the Iberian ant-like Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 . Males are pictured in the left column, females in the right. A–B . T. lusitanica ( Grootaert, Shamshev & Andrade, 2009 ) . C–D . T. nigrohirta Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. E–F . T. ebejeri Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. G–H . T. stenoptera Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. I–J . T. cantabrica Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. Fig. 16. Habitus of live specimens of the Iberian ant-like Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 and the Italian flightless Tachydromia . Males are pictured in the left column, females in the right. A–B . T. iberica ( Arias, 1919 ) . C–D . T. semiaptera (Gil Collado, 1923) . E–F . T. pieltaini (Gil Collado, 1936) . G–H . T. pandellei ( Séguy, 1941 ) . I–J . T. apterygon Plant & Deeming, 2006 (Italy) . Fig. 17. Mounted specimens of the Iberian ant-like Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 . Males are pictured in the left column, females in the right. A–B . T. lusitanica ( Grootaert, Shamshev & Andrade, 2009 ) . C–D . T. nigrohirta Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. E–F . T. ebejeri Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. G–H . T. stenoptera Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. Scale bars: 1 mm. Fig. 18. Mounted specimens of the Iberian ant-like Tachydromia Meigen, 1803 . Males are pictured in the left column, females in the right. A–B . T. cantabrica Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. C–D . T. iberica ( Arias, 1919 ) . E–F . T. semiaptera (Gil Collado, 1923) . G–H . T. pieltaini (Gil Collado, 1936) . I–J . T. pandellei ( Séguy, 1941 ) . Scale bars: 1 mm. Fig. 19. Images obtained by scanning electron microscopy of the spur-like structures present on the apical portion of the male mid tibia. A . T. lusitanica ( Grootaert, Shamshev & Andrade, 2009 ) . B . T. pandellei ( Séguy, 1941 ) . C . T. pieltaini (Gil Collado, 1936) . D . T. ebejeri Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. E–F . T. semiaptera (Gil Collado, 1923) . G . T. stenoptera Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. H . T. cantabrica Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. I . T. nigrohirta Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. J . T. apterygon Plant & Deeming, 2006 . Scale bars: 10 µm. Fig. 20. Drawings of the tip of stenopterous wings and images obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM) of the micropterous wings. Males are pictured in the left column, females in the right. A–B . T. ebejeri Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. C–D . T. cantabrica Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. E–F . T. lusitanica ( Grootaert, Shamshev & Andrade, 2009 ) . G–H . T. nigrohirta Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. Scale bars: A–B, D, F, H = 10 µm; C, E, G = 50 µm. Fig. 21. Drawings of the tip of stenopterous wings and images obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM) of the micropterous wings. Males are pictured in the left column, females in the right. A, C . T. pandellei ( Séguy, 1941 ) . B–C . T. pieltaini (Gil Collado, 1936) . D–E . T. semiaptera (Gil Collado, 1923) . F–G . T. stenoptera Gonçalves, Grootaert & Andrade sp. nov. Scale bars: A–D, F = 50 µm; E, G = 10 µm. TERMINALIA ( Fig. 14 ). Right epandrial lamella convex, globose. Right surstylus with several (ca 7) distinct denticle-like setae, mostly aggregated on distal margin. Right cercus longer than left, subcylindrical, left narrowing distally. Long setae of unequal length present on apical half of right cercus; long and stronger setae on apical margin of left cercus. Left epandrial lamella ⅔ as long as left cercus. Left surstylus suboval 2 times as long as wide, longer than cerci. Female Similar to male, except for following features: micropterous, with wings round, brownish wings, bilobate, bearing two setae on apical margin of each lobe, covered by grey microtrichia ( Fig. 21G ); legs covered with regular rows of setae, with distinct apical setae on fore femur, without other distinctive setae; apical projection on mid tibia absent; cercus pale brown with grey microtrichia and setae; without longer setae on apical sternites. Distribution Portugal . Only known from the western end of the Iberian Central System. It has not yet been found in Spain , but given that it was found very close to the border, it is very likely that it will eventually be found in this country.