New and little-known stonefly species of the Rhopalopsole vietnamica ' western assemblage' group (Plecoptera, Leuctridae) from China Author Li, Mengyu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7950-4142 Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China Author Wang, Bingli https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1080-549X Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China Author Yang, Ding https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7685-3478 Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, China Author Muranyi, David https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3907-5590 Department of Zoology, Eszterhazy Karoly Catholic University, Leanyka u. 6, Eger H- 3300, Hungary Author Li, Weihai Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China lwh7969@163.com Author Wang, Hongliang https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9758-1328 Henan International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan 453003, China text ZooKeys 2023 2023-11-06 1183 125 137 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1183.103288 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1183.103288 1313-2970-1183-125 E6FB3FB1F61C4FC6B249508F02FCB0F3 05B2C39EA3BD5313B4F0FFBB3C72D8F9 Rhopalopsole hainana Li & Yang, 2010 Fig. 4 Rhopalopsole hainana Li & Yang, 2010: 59 (original description). Material examined. 11 males , 5 females (CAU), China : Hainan Province , Baisha , Yinggeling , Hongxin Village , 23-24.V.2007 , 19°12'22.32"N , 109°33'14.4"E , 250 m , leg. J.X. Liu ; 1 female (CAU), China : Hainan Province , Lingshui County , Diaoluo Mountain , 1.VII.2011 , 18°43'31.08"N , 109°52'8.4"E , 294 m , leg. W.H. Li ; 2 females (CAU), China : Hainan Province , Baisha , Yinggeling , 29.X.2011 , 19°4'52.32"N , 109°31'10.92"E , 1191 m , leg. W.H. Li. Description. Female. (Fig. 4A, B ) Pregenital plate on sternum 7 sclerotized, distally produced into strongly sclerotized triangular lobe with sinuous lateral margins, covered with long hairs; dorsoventrally flattened in lateral view. Sternum 8 with a trapezoid, transverse band across the posterior half of the segment. Figure 4. Rhopalopsole hainana Li & Yang, 2010 (female) A terminalia, ventral view (apex of pregenital plate enlarged) B terminalia, lateral view. Remarks. Genetic distance refers to the genetic divergence between species and can be used to compare the genetic similarity between difference species ( Wang et al. 2013 ); generally, more than 98% of congeneric species or sister species pairs have greater than 0.02 sequence divergence ( Johns and Avise 1998 ; Hebert et al. 2003 ; Park et al. 2011 ). In our study, pairwise distances of the Rhopalopsole species were 0-0.9%; lower than the 2% threshold considered for a rough differentiation between intraspecific and interspecific distances ( Zhou et al. 2009 ). The genetic distance of COI between J66 and J61 is 0 and between J66 and J64 is 0.9% (Table 3 ). The combination of morphology and molecular data suggest the female is R. hainana . Table 3. Genetic distances among sequenced specimens. Upper (right) triangular matrix: standard deviation; lower (left) triangular matrix: genetic distances.

-	J61 F R. hainana	J64 F R. hainana	J66 M R. hainana
J61 F R. hainana	-	0.006	0.0
J64 F R. hainana	0.009	-	0.006
J66 M R. hainana	0.0	0.009	-

We compared the holotype with the specimens from Baisha County, which originated from near the type locality. The hitherto unknown female resembles the female of R. bawanglinga , but the tip of the pregenital plate is not bilobed, and the transverse band on sternum 8 is more pronounced.