<document id="FCB169762009AB9A4F8A67CDBACF5708" ID-DOI="10.1080/14772019.2017.1371257" ID-ISSN="1478-0941" ID-PMC="PMC6130837" ID-PubMed="30210265" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10883262" ID-ZooBank="EDD6E170-CA64-4FFB-8DD1-AED2D61D5504" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="diego" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1711483590210" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Marram ̀, Giuseppe, Claeso, Kerin M., Carneval, Giorgio &amp; Kriwe, Jurgen" docDate="2018" docId="03E887962271B05B2547EE3BFAA0FD69" docLanguage="en" docName="JSystPalaeontol.16.14.1189-1219.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 16 (14)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2017.1371257" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571.1:JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleId="6400638016C1F4AE0D0B6502E032D571" docStyleName="JSystPalaeontol.2016-.journal_article.closed" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Narcinidae Gill 1862" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="1192" masterDocId="FFD1FFEE2275B05F2472E94CFFD9FFCC" masterDocTitle="Revision of Eocene electric rays (Torpediniformes, Batomorphii) from the Bolca Konservat-Lagerst atte, Italy, reveals the first fossil embryo in situ in marine batoids and provides new insights into the origin of trophic novelties in coral reef fishes" masterLastPageNumber="1219" masterPageNumber="1189" pageNumber="1192" updateTime="1712145816225" updateUser="diego">
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<mods:title id="0B756DB68AD51015C5FD6EDBCC37F54B">Revision of Eocene electric rays (Torpediniformes, Batomorphii) from the Bolca Konservat-Lagerst atte, Italy, reveals the first fossil embryo in situ in marine batoids and provides new insights into the origin of trophic novelties in coral reef fishes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="38799351C361B008F181AB48644AC02C">Marram ̀, Giuseppe</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8339C766CA62970E84DEB091683485E6">University of Vienna, Department of Palaeontology, Althanstrasse 14, 1090, Vienna;</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DCA9E8BE201326AB1ADA19A3A9EEB91F">Claeso, Kerin M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="CC5C48C08EAEC1911C5AE4D6A7B9A816">Carneval, Giorgio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="70CCE97439479AFD3DDEDC29E2A105E4">Kriwe, Jurgen</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="8BFE36802271B05B2547EE3BFDAEF842" blockId="4.[237,704,1783,1934]" box="[309,631,1911,1934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">
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Family 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D032271B05B25F5EE3BFDAEF842" ID-CoL="624Q4" ID-ENA="40665" authority="Gill, 1862" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1862" box="[391,631,1911,1934]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narcinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
<emphasis id="B935EA922271B05B25F5EE3BFDDCF842" bold="true" box="[391,517,1911,1934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">Narcinidae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B712271B05B267EEE3BFDAEF842" author="Gill, T." box="[524,631,1911,1934]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" pagination="367 - 408" refId="ref21930" refString="Gill, T. 1862. Analytical synopsis of the order of Squali and revision of the nomenclature of the genera. Annals of the Lyceum of Natural History of New York, 7 (32), 367 - 408." type="journal article" year="1862">Gill, 1862</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="B935EA922271B05B273FE9F1FB9AFF18" bold="true" box="[845,1091,189,212]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">Diagnosis (emended).</emphasis>
Medium to large-sized narcinoid electric rays sharing three synapomorphies: presence of rostral fontanelle, reduced number of ribs (up to 10 pairs), and rostral cartilage connected to the antorbital cartilages through lateral rostral appendices. Additionally, narcinids possess the following combination of characters: palatoquadrate labiolingually compressed and tapered towards the symphysis; small subtriangular labial cartilages close to symphysis; rostral cartilage expanded and trough-shaped; large and rounded basibranchial copula with small caudal tab; tooth cusps and roots narrow and high; long precaudal tail; two dorsal fins.
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<emphasis id="B935EA922271B05B273FEB02FBD6FDA9" bold="true" box="[845,1039,590,613]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">Included genera.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C414D032271B05B206FEB02FAE0FDA9" authority="Alcock, 1898" authorityName="Alcock" authorityYear="1898" box="[1053,1337,590,613]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narcinidae" genus="Benthobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA922271B05B206FEB02FB45FDA9" box="[1053,1180,590,613]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">Benthobatis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B712271B05B20D4EB02FAE0FDA9" author="Alcock, A." box="[1190,1337,590,613]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" pagination="136 - 156" refId="ref17873" refString="Alcock, A. 1898. A note on the deep-sea fishes, with descriptions of some new genera and species, including another probably vivparous Ophidioid. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, (Series 7), 2, 136 - 156." type="journal article" year="1898">Alcock, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D032271B05B2138EB02FB52FD49" authority="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1948" authorityName="Bigelow &amp; Schroeder" authorityYear="1948" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narcinidae" genus="Diplobatis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA922271B05B2138EB02FA63FDA9" box="[1354,1466,590,613]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">Diplobatis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B712271B05B273FEB22FB52FD49" author="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder, W. C." box="[845,1163,622,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" pagination="543 - 566" refId="ref18590" refString="Bigelow, H. B. &amp; Schroeder, W. C. 1948. New genera and species of batoid fishes. Journal of Marine Research, 7, 543 - 566." type="journal article" year="1948">Bigelow &amp; Schroeder, 1948</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D032271B05B20D2EB22FA6AFD49" authority="Heckel, 1846" authorityName="Heckel" authorityYear="1846" box="[1184,1459,622,645]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narcinidae" genus="Discopyge" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA922271B05B20D2EB22FAC9FD49" box="[1184,1296,622,645]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">Discopyge</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B712271B05B216CEB22FA6AFD49" author="Heckel, J. J." box="[1310,1459,622,645]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" refId="ref22416" refString="Heckel, J. J. 1846. Ichthyologie. Pp. 1 - 35 in J. J. Von Tschudi (ed.) Untersuchungen uber ¨ die Fauna Peruana. Scheitlin &amp; Zollikofer, St. Gallen." type="book" year="1846">Heckel, 1846</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D032271B05B273FEBC2FBF2FD69" authority="Henle, 1834" authorityName="Henle" authorityYear="1834" box="[845,1067,654,677]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narcinidae" genus="Narcine" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA922271B05B273FEBC2FC7AFD69" box="[845,931,654,677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">Narcine</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B712271B05B27DBEBC2FBF2FD69" author="Henle, F. G. J." box="[937,1067,654,677]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" refId="ref22457" refString="Henle, F. G. J. 1834. Ueber Narcine, eine neue Gattung electrischer Rochen nebst einer Synopsis der electrischen Rochen. G. Eichler, Berlin, 44 pp." type="book" year="1834">Henle, 1834</bibRefCitation>
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; † 
<taxonomicName id="4C414D032271B05B2037EBC2FAA8FD69" authority="Carvalho, 2010" authorityName="Carvalho" authorityYear="2010" box="[1093,1393,654,677]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Narcinidae" genus="Titanonarke" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Torpediniformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B935EA922271B05B2037EBC2FB1EFD69" box="[1093,1223,654,677]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192">Titanonarke</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFD04B712271B05B20BFEBC2FAA8FD69" author="Carvalho, M. R. de" box="[1229,1393,654,677]" pageId="4" pageNumber="1192" refId="ref19921" refString="Carvalho, M. R. de. 2010. Morphology and phylogenetic relationships of the giant electric ray from the Eocene of Monte Bolca, Italy (Chondrichthyes: Torpediniformes). Pp. 183 - 198 in D. K. Elliot, J. G. Maisey, X. Yu &amp; D. Miao (eds) Morphology, phylogeny and paleobiogeography of fossil fishes. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, Munich." type="book" year="2010">Carvalho, 2010</bibRefCitation>
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.
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