One century after: a reappraisal of the gnathos (sensu Pierce, 1914) in Larentiinae (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) Author Schmidt, Olga text Zootaxa 2015 3974 3 328 340 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.3974.3.2 67110af0-00a8-4fab-9025-cf54a705ba3e 1175-5326 243714 59DD0D8D-1F66-4F25-B8C1-57D94734BC39 Tribe Operophterini Operophtera brumata ( Fig. 11 ). The gnathos arms are much reduced, weakly sclerotized and mostly fused with the tegumen. The base of the anal tube is connected to the gnathos and membrane of the fultura superior (which is ventrad of the anal tube).