Croton (Euphorbiaceae) of the Brazilian state of Paraná: an annotated checklist, species distribution, and identification key Author Pereira, Amanda Da Paixão Noronha 0000-0003-4874-129X Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Núcleo de Pesquisa Curadoria do Herbário, São Paulo, SP 01061 - 970, Brazil & Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, 09972 - 270, Diadema, SP, Brazil. & amanda. pnoronhap @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4874 - 129 X amanda.pnoronhap@gmail.com Author Riina, Ricarda 0000-0002-7423-899X Real Jardín Botánico (RJB), CSIC, Plaza de Murillo 2, 28014, Madrid, Spain. & rriina @ rjb. csic. es; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 7423 - 899 X rriina@rjb.csic.es Author Caruzo, Maria Beatriz Rossi 0000-0002-8393-214X Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais, Núcleo de Pesquisa Curadoria do Herbário, São Paulo, SP 01061 - 970, Brazil & Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, 09972 - 270, Diadema, SP, Brazil. & mbrcaruzo @ unifesp. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8393 - 214 X mbrcaruzo@unifesp.br text Phytotaxa 2022 2022-10-28 570 3 231 274 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.570.3.1 journal article 176492 10.11646/phytotaxa.570.3.1 e5151877-6fa0-44de-b9c3-4577de526c95 1179-3163 7260277 5. Croton ceanothifolius Baillon (1864: 295) . Lectotype (first step designated by Lima & Pirani 2008b , second step designated here): — BRAZIL . Minas Gerais : ‘dans les capueiras’, 1816, A. Saint-Hilaire D-558 ( P 00493358 !; isolectotypes P 00493359!, P 00623093!) . Remaining syntype : — BRAZIL . Minas Gerais : ‘ass. comm. sur. les bords de l’Ouro-Preto’, 1816–1821, A. Saint-Hilaire B1-227 (P 00493360!) ( Fig. 3 , A–E). Croton ceanothifolius is a very common shrub in Paraná . It has discolorous leaves, the adaxial leaf surface with stellate trichomes and the abaxial surface with stellate-lepidote trichomes. Leaf venation can be easily distinguished, and secondary veins are raised on the abaxial surface. The species belongs to sect. Lamprocroton subsect. Lamprocroton ( Müller Argoviensis 1873: 244 ) van Ee & Berry (2011: 93) . Distribution and habitat:— It occurs in southern ( PR , RS , SC) and southeastern Brazil ( MG , SP) ( Caruzo & Cordeiro 2007 , Caruzo et al. 2020 ). Frequent in habitats include open vegetation, edges of forest, riverbanks, rock outcrops or sandy soils, between 750 and 1200 m elevation. ( Fig. 4 ). Phenology:— Flowering and fruiting throughout the year. Representative specimens:— PARANÁ : Bocaiúva do Sul , Fazenda Serra do Putunã , 17 March 2005 , J . M . Silva , L . M . Abe & F . F . Ramos 4294 ( MBM , RB ). Curitiba , Boqueirão , 28 January 1975 , L . F . Ferreira 194 ( MBM , MO ). Palmeira , Cercado , 14 February 2006 , E . Barbosa , J . Cordeiro , E . F . Costa & E . S . Pinto 1201 ( MBM , RB ). Ponta Grossa , 25°10’15.1”S , 49°55’28.4”W , 1012 m , 16 October 2009 , M . G . Caxambu & E . L . Siqueira 2745 ( HCF , MBM ). União da Vitória , Bom Jesus , 753 m , 08 January 2016 , A . P . N . Pereira & C . V . Ubinski 20 ( SP ) .