Identification of anuran species diversity of the Panna Tiger Reserve, Central India, using an integrated approach
Author
Prasad, Vishal Kumar
0000-0003-1818-0903
Wildlife Institute of India, P. O. Box 18, Chandrabani- 248001, Uttarakhand, India & vishalprasad. wildlife @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 1818 - 0903
vishalprasad.wildlife@gmail.com
Author
Gautam, Kumudani Bala
0000-0002-2658-5698
Wildlife Institute of India, P. O. Box 18, Chandrabani- 248001, Uttarakhand, India & kumudani @ wii. gov. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2658 - 5698
kumudani@wii.gov.in
Author
Gupta, Sandeep Kumar
0000-0001-6295-0210
Wildlife Institute of India, P. O. Box 18, Chandrabani- 248001, Uttarakhand, India & skg @ wii. gov. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6295 - 0210
skg@wii.gov.in
Author
Murthy, R. Sreenivasa
Madhya Pradesh State Biodiversity Board, 26, Kisan Bhawan, 1 st Floor, Arera Hills, Bhopal (M. P.) - 462011 ms. mpsbb @ mp. gov. in
Author
Ramesh, K.
0000-0001-8797-8615
Wildlife Institute of India, P. O. Box 18, Chandrabani- 248001, Uttarakhand, India & ramesh @ wii. gov. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 / 0001 - 8797 - 8615
ramesh@wii.gov.in
Author
Shinde, Ajinkya Duttatray
Biodiversity Research and Conservation Foundation, 73 Gulmohar Colony, ITI Road, Satara- 415002, Maharashtra, India ajinkyawildlife @ gmail. com
Author
Das, Abhijit
0000-0002-5851-8457
Wildlife Institute of India, P. O. Box 18, Chandrabani- 248001, Uttarakhand, India
text
Zootaxa
2020
2020-09-11
4851
3
450
476
journal article
8558
10.11646/zootaxa.4851.3.2
c7d1f878-aa69-401c-a98f-5ea0ea1f8466
1175-5326
4487235
71ED5D50-79A2-4487-96C2-B1B2135ECC25
Minervarya caperata
(Kuramoto, Joshy, Kurabayashi, and Sumida)
(
Fig 4E
)
Specimens examined:
three males (WIIAD 237, WIIAD 256–257), two individuals with sex undetermined (WIIAD 274, WIIAD 277).
Morphological features:
Adult males SVL
27.5–36.1 mm
(n=3) and individuals (sex unknown) SVL
25.8– 25.9 mm
(n=2); body slender with dermal ridges; head slightly longer than wide; snout slightly pointed in dorsal view; tympanum slightly more than ½ the diameter of eye, supratympanic fold distinct; dorsal skin glandular with series of broadly four longitudinal ridges, fejervaryan lines present on abdomen; fingers tip rounded, relative length of fingers IV <II <I <III; toes tips rounded, toes relative length 1<2<5<3<4. Calling males have bilobate subgular vocal sac.
Coloration in life
: Dorsum grey or brown with light brown tubercles; darker longitudinal ridges; flank covered with dark grey blotches; upper and lower jaws marked with dark bands; limbs cross barred with dark bands; groin region pale yellow; ventral of thighs pinkish; throat black (males during breeding season); abdomen white. Calling males had black vocal sac.
Variation
: WIIAD 237 had large bright orange mid-vertebral band.
Bioacoustics:
We analysed 30 advertisement calls from three males, calls were recorded between 21:30–00:00 hours in July and August; and calling location air temperature was between 26.2°C–31.7°C. Males of
M. caperata
called in chorus hidden under the leaves and grass blades near the banks of muddy drains and puddles monsoonal rains. The mean call duration was 130.60 ± 25.49 ms (101–200 ms) with pulse rate of 113.37 ± 3.34 pulses/s (107.69–118.81 pulses/s) and mean of 14.63 ± 2.74 pulses delivered per call. The mean dominant frequency was 2094.48 ± 309.41 Hz (1938–3703.70 Hz).
Remark:
M. caperata
is a common frog in PTR landscape and was seen breeding in waterlogged open grasslands in July. It is a morphologically cryptic species so we performed genetic analysis and our 16S sequence matched with
M. caperata
from
Karnataka
in Western Ghats (
Fig 8A
). It was earlier known from its
type
locality in Karnoor in
Karnataka
. The present study provides its first state record for
Madhya Pradesh
. This new record is approximately
1070 km
(aerial distance) northwards from its
type
locality.