High level of endemism in Haiti’s last remaining forests: a revision of Modisimus (Araneae: Pholcidae) on Hispaniola, using morphology and molecules Author Huber, Bernhard A. Author Fischer, Nadine Author Astrin, Jonas J. text Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 2010 2010-01-25 158 2 244 299 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00559.x journal article 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00559.x 0024-4082 5438272 MODISIMUS JIMA HUBER & FISCHER SP. NOV. ( Figs 19 , 39 , 64 , 127, 128 , 195 ) Type: Male holotype from near Jima ( 19°01.4 ′ N , 70°28.8 ′ W ), Monseñor Nouel Prov. , Dominican Republic ; degraded forest at brook through plantation, ~ 700 m a.s.l. , near ground, 8 November 2005 ( B.A. Huber ), in ZFMK ( DR 12 a) . Etymology: The species name refers to the type locality; it is used as a noun in apposition. Diagnosis: Medium-sized species with pair of small projections, with weakly modified hairs on male chelicerae ( Fig. 128 ; similar to M. femoratus and M. angulatus sp. nov. ), and distinctive epigynum ( Fig. 39 ; similar to M. femoratus and M. angulatus sp. nov. ). Further distinguished from M. femoratus by shorter abdomen ( Fig. 19 ), distinctive ventral notch on procursus ( Fig. 127 ), bulb with more prominent dorsal apophysis ( Fig. 127 ), cheliceral frontal projections more prominent, and different pattern on male genital area (shorter lateral arms); distinguished from M. angulatus sp. nov. by pattern on sternum (lateral border not broken), evenly curved abdomen dorsally, and male cheliceral projections slightly closer together. Male ( holotype ): Total body length, 2.2; carapace width, 1.1. Leg 1: 20.4 (5.2 + 0.4 + 5.2 + 7.9 + 1.7); tibia 2, 3.4; tibia 3, 2.8; tibia 4, 3.1. Tibia 1 L/d: 44. Habitus as in Figure 19 : carapace pale ochre-yellow, ocular area posteriorly brown, clypeus with pair of brown bands, sternum laterally brown, and whitish medially; legs light brown, tips of femora and tibiae light; abdomen bluish grey, with black spots dorsally and laterally, genital area and area in front of spinnerets brown. Ocular area strongly elevated; thoracic furrow distinct. PME–PME, 95 Mm; PME diameter, 115 Mm; PME–ALE, 125 Mm; AME–AME, 25 Mm; AME diameter, 20 Mm. Sternum wider than long (0.65/ 0.45), unmodified. Chelicerae as in Figure 128 , very similar to M. femoratus , but frontal apophyses slightly more prominent in lateral view. Palps as in Figure 127 , very similar to M. femoratus , but procursus with more distinctive notch ventrally, and bulb with more prominent dorsal apophysis. Legs with short spines on femur 1 (two rows, of ~30 and 25 spines each) and femur 2 (two rows, of ~20 each), and many short vertical hairs on all femora; curved hairs on tibiae 1–3; retrolateral trichobothrium on tibia 1 at 9%; prolateral trichobothrium missing on tibia 1, present on other tibiae; tarsus 1 with ~25 pseudosegments. Variation: Some males with subdistal darker rings on femora (indistinct also on tibiae). Tibia 1 in 13 males : 4.9–6.0 (mean 5.4). Female: In general similar to male, with rings on legs often distinct; tibia 1 in six females : 3.4–4.0, mean 3.8. Epigynum, similar to M. femoratus , but posterior border different ( Fig. 39 ); dorsal view very similar to M. femoratus ( Fig. 64 ). Distribution: Known from several localities in northcentral Dominican Republic ( Fig. 195 ). Material examined: Monseñor Nouel Prov. , near Jima , 1♂ holotype above; same data, 2♂ , 2♀ and one juvenile ( ZFMK , DR 12 ) . Duarte Prov. , Reserva Científica Loma Quita Espuela , at ~ 500 m a.s.l. ( 19°21.5 ′ N , 70°09 ′ W ), 10 November 2005 ( B.A. Huber ), 1♀ ( ZFMK , DR 26 ) . Espaillat Prov. , near Jamao al Norte ( 19°38.6 ′ N , 70°26.9 ′ W ), forest along river, 40 m a.s.l. , from low vegetation and near the ground, 13 November 2005 ( B.A. Huber ), 4♂ and 1♀ ( ZFMK , DR 46 ) . Puerto Plata Prov. , north of La Cumbre ( 19°34.3 ′ N , 70°38.0 ′ W ), degraded forest near plantations, 600 m a.s.l. , 13 November 2005 ( B.A. Huber ), 2♂ and 2♀ ( ZFMK , DR 44 ). South of Puerto Plata , forest along path towards Isabel Torres National Park ( 19°46.4 ′ N , 70°42.3 ′ W ), 350 m a.s.l. , 14 November 2005 ( B.A. Huber ), 3♂ and 1♀ ( ZFMK , DR 49 a) ; La Vega Prov. , 10 km north-east of Jarabacoa Hotel Montana , forest [~ 19°10.9 ′ N , 70°34.8 ′ W ], 550 m a.s.l. , 18 July– 4 August 1995 ( S. & J. Peck ), 4♂ ( AMNH ) .