New species of Moluccan trichaline net-winged beetles, with remarks on the phylogenetic position and distribution of Schizotrichalus (Coleoptera: Lycidae: Metriorrhynchinae)
Author
Bocek, Matej
Author
Adamkova, Kristyna
text
Zootaxa
2019
2019-06-25
4623
2
341
350
journal article
26407
10.11646/zootaxa.4623.2.8
db2b3bd4-2e27-4918-8fff-226b303c65b9
1175-5326
3255499
EEDC9982-ED9C-40BD-8584-CDADA572DDE
Schizotrichalus
Kleine, 1926
Schizotrichalus
Kleine, 1926: 183
.
Type
species.
Trichalus nigrescens
Waterhouse, 1879: 70
(by original designation).
Diagnosis.
Schizotrichalus
shares the similar shortened elytral primary costa 1 with other trichaline net-winged beetles (
i.e
.,
Diatrichalus
,
Flabellotrichalus
,
Trichalus
,
Eniclases
,
Lobatang
and
Microtrichalus
; general morphological description of all trichaline genera was published by
Bocak (2002)
and
Bocek & Bocak (2017))
.
Schizotrichalus
differs from other trichalines in having five well-developed pronotal areoles unlike other trichalines (
Figs 6–7
). Similar to
Eniclases
, the males of
Schizotrichalus
have either acutely serrate or flabellate antennae. Male genitalia of
Schizotrichalus
have a long, slender phallus with a cup-like apex and pigmented dorsal line (
Fig. 10
). The phallobase is small and without an extensive membranous sac.
Redescription.
Body
6.5–11.5 mm
long, coloration variable from orange to brown and black; dark colored or pronotum and humeral part of elytra orange and apical part of elytra brown to black (
Figs 2–3
). Head small, mostly covered by pronotum; without rostrum, hypognathous; eyes hemispherically prominent. Mouthparts welldeveloped, maxillary palpi slender, four-segmented, apical palpomere widest, mandibles short and robust. Antennae compressed, acutely serrate or flabellate with long lamellae in males, always serrate in females. Pronotum trapezoidal, wider than long, with one median areola apically reaching two third of pronotal length and frontally attached to pronotal margin by robust carina, two lateral carinae well-developed, attached to frontal pronotal margin (
Figs 6–7
). Elytral primary costa 1 shortened, secondary costae well-developed with regular transverse costae. Legs compressed, moderately long. Male genitalia without parameres, phallus long, subtle, mostly membranous, only basally well-sclerotized, with dorsal strengthened pigmented keel (
Fig. 10
).
Distribution and diversity.
Until now,
Schizotrichalus
has been recorded only from New
Guinea
. For the first time, we record
Schizotrichalus
from Halmahera.
Remark.
The phylogenetic placement in trichalines and close relationships of
Schizotrichalus
and
Eniclases
have been supported by the shape of male genitalia. The specimens properly fixed for the isolation of DNA have not been available and no DNA-based validation of proposed relationships was possible (
Bocek & Bocak 2017
, 2019). The current analysis confirms the sister relationships between
Eniclases
and
Schizotrichalus
. Morphological traits are sometimes insufficient to resolve genus-level phylogeny and the presence of multiple pronotal areolae could be considered as a plesiomorphic state of character. Based on this trait,
Schizotrichalus
could be a sister to other trichalines, which share the characteristic pronotum with a single areola (
Bocak 2002
). The combination of molecular and morphological data suggests the placement of
Schizotrichalus
in a close relationships to
Eniclases
.