Two new species of the tribe Synanthedonini (Lepidoptera, Sesiidae), with new hostplant associations from Taiwan Author Liang, Jia-Yuan Author Hsu, Yu-Feng text ZooKeys 2019 861 81 90 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.861.34387 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.861.34387 1313-2970-861-81 C2E64AA3721B4648ABF28EC5B4B9E14C Paranthrenella helvola sp. nov. Figs 3 , 4 , 6 , 8 , 12 Type material. Holotype: ♂, NANTOU: Renai, Lushan, 1150 m, 23 Jun 2016, on flower of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata , J.Y. Liang Coll. (Gen. Prep. JYL-301, NHMUK). Paratypes: 1♀, NANTOU: Renai, Aowanda National Forest Recreation Area, 1240 m, 15 Jul 2016, J.Y. Liang Coll. (NYNU); 1♀, TAOYUAN: Fuxing, Lian, 790 m, 22 May 2018, on trunk of Cinnamomum camphora , Y.F. Hsu Coll. (Gen. Prep. JYL-300, NTNU). Description. Male ( Fig. 3 ): Antenna length 7.2 mm; forewing length 10.3 mm; body length 12.5 mm. Head: antenna black with blue sheen, dorsally and light brown with a few yellow scales ventrally; frons white; labial palpus yellow with black apically; vertex black; pericephalic scales yellow with a few yellow-orange scales. Thorax: patagia dark brown to black, with a small yellow spot laterally; tegula black with a yellow dorsal line, narrowly bordered with yellow scales; thorax laterally yellow with small black scales; mesothorax black with a few yellow scales anteriorly; metathorax yellow, with a few black scales; posteriorly metepimcron and metameron with brown and yellow hair-like scales. Legs: fore coxa yellow with golden sheen, with a broad dark brown to black stripe; fore femur externally dark brown, internally yellow; fore tibia yellow with golden sheen, with admixture of dark brown scales; fore tarsus yellow; mid coxa dark brown to black, with a few yellow scales; mid femur externally dark brown to black, internally yellow; mid tibia yellow, spurs yellow; mid tarsus exterior-dorsally dark brown to black, interior-ventrally entirely yellow; hind leg similar; hind tibia yellow, with a dark brown to black spot distally. Abdomen: dorsally dark brown to black with blue sheen; tergites each with a broad, broadened laterally, yellow stripe distally; abdominal tuft black, dorsal with yellow V shape spot, lateral margins with yellow-orange scales. Forewing: basally black; costal margin dark brown to black, with a narrow yellow stripe between vein Sc and R-stem; discal spot and veins within exterior transparent area dark brown to black; apical area brown with admixture of orange scales; discal spot broad; exterior transparent area large divided into four cells, level to M2 about 3.2 x as broad as discal spot and 0.8 x as broad as apical area; posterior transparent area reaching distal margin of discal spot; cilia brown. Hindwing: transparent; veins, discal spot black, small, cuneiform, reaching to vein M2; cilia dark brown, yellow anally. Female ( Fig. 4 ): Antenna length 8.3−8.7 mm (n = 2); forewing length 12.1−12.5 mm (n = 2); body length 13.8−14.1 mm (n = 2). Body and legs with more numerous yellow scales; anal tuft yellow-orange laterally. Color patterns otherwise as in male. Male genitalia (Gen. Prep. JYL-301, NTNU, Fig. 6 ): Tegumen-uncus complex narrow; scopula androconialis well-developed, long, about as long as tegumen-uncus complex; crista gnathi medialis relatively long with sinusoid margin; crista gnathi lateralis shorter and narrower than crista gnathi medialis; valva trapeziform-oval, covered with apically bifurcate setae; ventral crista small, covered with triangular flat-topped setae; phallus thin, slightly shorter than valva; vesica with numerous small cornuti. Female genitalia (Gen. Prep. JYL-300, NTNU, Fig. 8 ): Apophysis posterioris about as long as apophysis anterioris; ostium bursae opening somewhat anteriorly of 8th tergite; antrum narrow, long, about twice shorter than anterior apophysis, well-sclerotized; ductus seminalis just from anterior margin of antrum; ductus bursae membranous, narrow, slightly longer than antrum, gradually broadened towards corpus bursae; corpus bursae globose to ovoid, without signum. Diagnosis. Paranthrenella helvola sp. nov. is similar to P. similis Gorbunov & Arita, 2000 which was described from Vietnam. P. helvola may be distinguished from P. similis by forewing without a transparent area of a cell between veins R4 and R5, with a narrow yellow stripe between vein Sc and R-stem; abdominal tuft with yellow V shape spot of male. P. helvola possesses wing pattern similar to P. albipuncta Gorbunov & amp; Arita, 2000 from Vietnam. P. helvola can be distinguished by the coloration of the antenna black, with a large yellow spot in P. albipuncta . Etymology. The name of this new species is the feminine form of the Latin adjective helvolus , meaning yellowish, because of the overall yellow coloration of the body trunk and legs of the moth. Biology. Females lay eggs in the crack of bark ( Fig. 12 ). The larva bores into the trunks of Cinnamomum camphora (L.) ( Lauraceae ) and feeds on callus tissue around the hole, which is covered with silk, debris, and frass. The adults have been observed taking nectar from flowers of Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maxim.) Traut. ( Vitaceae ) during day time. Distribution. Known only from Taiwan. Remarks. The male genitalia of P. helvola sp. nov. are similar to those of P. albipuncta Gorbunov & Arita, 2000, but the color of the antenna of these two species differs considerably.