Review of the genus Papagona Ball, 1935 (Hemiptera: Caliscelidae) including a new Neotropical species Author De Freitas, Abner S. Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Ja- & Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Author Zahniser, James N. 0000-0002-3341-3560 USDA-APHIS-PPQ-PHP, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 3341 - 3560 Author Takiya, Daniela M. 0000-0002-6233-3615 Laboratório de Entomologia, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Ja- & https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6233 - 3615 text Zootaxa 2021 2021-08-17 5023 1 107 120 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5023.1.6 1175-5326 5225551 F107135D-07EA-48E0-9311-A0BFF06A0D93 Papagona dietrichi sp. nov. ( Figs 1–4 , 7 ) Type locality. Brazil , Roraima State , ESEC Maracá. Description. Body length. Male ( Fig. 1A ), 2.9 mm ; Female ( Fig. 1B ), 4.4 mm . FIGURE 1. Live specimens of Papagona dietrichi sp. nov. : (A) male specimen; (B) female specimen. Photographs by Dr. C. H. Dietrich. Color . Males ( Figs 1A , 2A–C ). Body mainly black with some regions yellowish-brown. Vertex, pronotum, and mesonotum yellowish-brown with broad median longitudinal white stripe crossing these structures ( Figs 1A , 2B ). Forewing with corium mostly black with apex light brown and two small circular pale maculae in between corium and clavus, one at base and another near midlength of claval suture; clavus brown ( Fig. 2B, C ). Legs mostly yellow; metafemur black ( Fig. 2B, C ). Abdominal tergites with dorsal median pair of small and conspicuous yellow maculae ( Fig. 2B ); lateral white maculae of abdominal sternites in lateral view smaller and fainter ( Fig. 2C ); and thoracic and abdominal sternites mostly white medially ( Fig. 2A, C ). Females ( Figs 1B , 2D–F ). Body mainly brown with some regions light brown. Vertex, pronotum, and mesonotum light brown with lighter brown broader median longitudinal stripe crossing these structures ( Fig. 2E ). Forewing hyaline brown ( Fig. 2E ). Legs brown ( Fig. 2F ). Abdomen with tergite III with lateral white macula ( Figs 1B , 2F ); all tergites with median longitudinal broad light brown stripe ( Fig. 2E ). Structure. Head and thorax. Vertex ( Fig. 2B, E, H ) with anterior margin slightly pointed; anteriorly converging to rounded apex; slightly longer than basal width at midline; longer than pronotum length at midline. Frons ( Fig. 2A, D, G ) with median carina which does not reach fastigium, weak in males and conspicuous in females; in lateral view ( Fig. 2C, F, I ), each side with row of eight sensory pits bordering sublateral carina, four pits bordering frontogenal carina, and a pair of pits bordering fastigium (linking the other two rows providing a triangle-like arrangement—with three isolated pits within, aligned diagonally). Pronotum ( Fig. 2B, E, H ) with six sensory pits bordering lateral margins of disc and a group of fiver inner ones at posterior half. Mesonotum ( Fig. 2B, E, H ) with median carina; region outerad of lateral carina with eight to ten sensory pits. Abdomen. Tergite III ( Figs 2C, F , 7 ), in lateral view, with one to two sensory pits (two in holotype ). Tergites IV ( Fig. 2C, F , 7 ), in lateral view, with one row of two to three sensory pits (three in holotype ) followed by an isolated ventral pair. Tergites V ( Fig. 2C, F , 7 ), in lateral view, with one row of three sensory pits (three in holotype ) followed by an isolated ventral pair. Tergites VI ( Fig. 2C, F , 7 ), in lateral view, with one row of three sensory pits (three in holotype ) followed by an isolated ventral pair. Tergites VII ( Fig. 2C, F , 7 ), in lateral view, with one row of two to three sensory pits (three in holotype ) followed by an isolated ventral pair. Tergite VIII ( Fig. 7 ), in lateral view, with one to two sensory pits (two in holotype ). FIGURE 2. Habitus of Papagona dietrichi sp. nov. , male holotype (DZRJ): (A) Frontal view; (B) dorsal view; (C) lateral view. Habitus of female paratype (DZRJ): (D) frontal view; (E) dorsal view; (F) lateral view. Line drawings of head and thorax: (G) frontoventral view; (H) dorsal view; (I) lateral view. Scale bar = 0.5 mm. Male terminalia. Pygofer ( Fig. 3A ) with anterior margin concave; posterior margin with concavity on ventral half. Connective ( Fig. 3B ) with tectiform structure bearing tectiductus; ventral support inverted Y-shaped. Gonostylus ( Fig. 3D ) hook-like; anterior portion pointed; caudal portion curved anterodorsally; dorsal margin follows almost straight and with protuberance in between anterior and median third; ventral margin mostly rounded; median third longer than high, setose. Endosoma ( Fig. 3E–H ) enclosing almost all phallobase and aedeagus lengths laterally and ventrally; asymmetrical, with two different sides linked ventrally, of which: one side is longer and with apex curved ventrally, comma-like; and other side is shorter and apically truncated, bearing triangular expansion ventrally directed to the longest side of endosoma at aedeagus midlength ( Fig. 3E, F ). Phallobase membranous, shorter than endosoma; enclosing aedeagus half-length laterally and ventrally; slightly visible in lateral view, apically and dorsally. Aedeagus ( Fig. 3E–H ) opened dorsally; apically, narrowing and with pair of aedeagal hooks ( Fig. 3F–H ), subequal in length, longer and thinner than aedeagus, but curved differently: one aedeagal hook curved anterodorsally and which follow the comma-like and longer apical lobe of endosoma; the other strongly curved laterally, crossing aedeagus ventrally. Suspensorium V-shaped. Anal tube ( Fig. 3I, J ), in dorsal view, as long as wide and with posterior margin rounded; setose. FIGURE 3. Male terminalia of Papagona dietrichi sp. nov. , male holotype (DZRJ): (A) Pygofer, lateral view; (B) connective, anterior view; (C–D) style, dorsal view (C) and lateral view (D) views. (E–H) phallus, dorsal view (E, F) and lateral view (G, H). (I–J) Anal tube dorsal view (I) and lateral view (I). Labels: AE—Aedeagus; AH—Aedeagal hooks; DE—Ductus ejaculatorius; ES—Endosoma; ES-L—Endosoma longer side (comma-like); ES-S—Endosoma shorter side; GS-P—Gonostylus protuberance on dorsal margin; PHB—Phallobase; TSC—Tectiform structure of the connective; VSC—Ventral support of the connective. Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Female terminalia. Posterior margin of sternite VII ( Fig. 4B ) medially bearing two slightly round projections; setose. Gonoplacs ( Fig. 4C ) sclerotized; subrectangular; setose. Anterior connective lamina of gonapophysis VIII ( Fig. 4D ) with two apical teeth, curved and subequal; with wide rounded and sclerotized flap laterad of teeth. Posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX ( Fig. 4E, F ) distal part, in lateral view ( Fig. 4F ), with several straight and thin spines, starting on stem and following almost until apex; spines of distal part are larger than spines on stem; middle portion with several pits ( Fig. 4F ); apex setose ( Fig. 4F ); region in between the distal parts with three plates of setae ( Fig. 4E ). Segment X of anal tube ( Fig. 4G, H ) as long as wide; posterior margin ( Fig. 4G ) pointed; setose. Taxonomic notes. The new species is similar to Papagona papoosa in coloration, but they can be distinguished by some external morphological characters and male terminalia. This species differs from other species of the genus by the following group of characters: (1) male coloration pattern ( Figs 1 , 2A–C ) is similar to P. papoosa (with slight differences on abdominal sternites coloration), but very different from P. succinea (which is red or reddish-yellow); (2) length and shape of vertex ( Fig. 2B, E, H ), longer and more pointed than other species of the genus; (3) central plate of frons with median carina which is absent in P. papoosa ; (4) sides of frons with three sensory pits aligned diagonally in the middle of triangle of sensory pits ( Fig. 2C, F, I ); (5) posterior margin of pygofer with concavity on ventral half ( Fig. 3A ); (6) protuberance of gonostylus more conspicuous than in other species of genus ( Fig. 3D ); and (7) phallus with pair of aedeagal hooks, one curved anterodorsally and other curved laterally, crossing sides of phallus ( Fig. 3E–H ). FIGURE 4. Female terminalia of Papagona dietrichi sp. nov. , female paratype (DZRJ): (A) External female terminalia, ventral view; (B) sternite VII, lateral view; (C) gonoplac, lateral view; (D) anterior connective lamina of gonapophysis VIII; (E–F) posterior connective lamina of gonapophysis IX, basal part, dorsal view (E) and distal part, lateral view (F); (G–H) anal tube dorsal view (G) and lateral view (H). Scale bar = 0.1 mm. Plant associations. Unfortunately, as type specimens were collected using a vacuum sampler, no specific plant record was taken. However, vacuum samples were taken mostly from dense grasses in a dry lake bed. Etymology. The specific epithet is an honorific for Dr. Christopher H. Dietrich (INHS), who collected specimens of the type series and many other caliscelids from Central and South America and allowed us to study these curious planthoppers. Studied material. Holotype : male, Brazil , Roraima , ESEC Maracá , 3.3605°N 61.4322°W , 100 m , 24 Mar. 2016 , C. Dietrich coll. , vacuum sample ( DZRJ , DNA voucher ENT5050) . Paratypes : 1 male , Brazil , Roraima , ESEC Maracá , 3.3605°N 61.4322°W , 100 m , 24 Mar. 2016 , D.M. Takiya coll. , vacuum sample ( INPA ) ; 1 female , same data as preceding ( INHS ) . 1 female , same data as preceding ( DZRJ ) .