Sponges from Clipperton Island, East Pacific
Author
Van, Rob W. M.
Author
Kaiser, Kirstie L.
Author
Syoc, Robert Van
text
Zootaxa
2011
2839
1
46
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.320220
1866626c-f527-402a-8449-b0618086da67
1175-5326
320220
Sycettusa
aff.
sibogae
(
Burton, 1930
)
n.comb.
(
Figs 19
A–H)
Grantessa sibogae
Burton, 1930
: 4
.
Material examined.
MNHN
DCL
4045–D, Jean-Louis Etienne Expédition
Clipperton
2005, station
13, 32 m
, on dead corals,
18–01–2005
,
2 specimens
.
MNHN
DCL
4057, Jean-Louis Etienne Expédition
Clipperton
2005, station
5, 17 m
, on dead corals,
10–01– 2005
,
1 specimen
. (
Fig. 19
A).
MNHN
DCL
4064, Jean-Louis Etienne Expédition
Clipperton
2005, station
40, 20 m
, on dead corals,
29–01– 2005
,
1 specimen
.
Examined for comparison:
Holotype
,
ZMA
Por. 0 0 148, Siboga Exped. stat. 0 77,
Indonesia
, Borneo Bank, Makassar Strait,
3.45°S
117.6°E
, depth
59 m
,
10–06–1899
.
Description.
A clustered mass of tubes (
Fig. 19
A), the largest 5
x5x
2
cm, individual tubes up to
1 cm
long and 0.5 cm in diameter. Color (alcohol) pale yellow-brown.
Skeleton.
Compressed syconoid without articulation (
Fig. 19
B). The thin cortex is made up of the actines of cortical equiangular triactines, the choanosome is made up of the unpaired actines of the subcortical larger sagittal triactines; atrial skeleton likewise made up of the paired actines of smaller equiangular triactines.
Spicules.
Triactines only (
Fig. 19
C). These are quite diversified, basically divisible in (1) equiangular triactines, large (
Fig. 19
D), with actines up to 530
x 47
µm, and small (
Fig. 19
E) up to 164
x 19
µm, and (2) unequiangular triactines which often have downcurved or upcurved paired actines, consisting of large triactines (
Fig. 19
F) with paired actines up to 290
x 38
and unpaired actine up to 525
x 45
µm, and small triactines (
Fig. 19
G) with paired actines up to
47 x 7
and unpaired actine
90 x 9
µm. There are also atrial intercrossing trichoxeas (
Fig. 19
H), invariably broken, largest unbroken fragment: 240 x 1.5 µm.
Ecology and distribution
. Encrusting dead corals in shallow reefs; if conspecific with the Indonesian material the species is known from
Île Clipperton
and the Makassar Strait region.
Remarks.
The genus
Sycettusa
unites former
Grantessa
species lacking an articulated skeleton (
Borojevic
et al.
2002
). The species
Grantessa sibogae
Burton (1930)
was synonymised with the apparently widespread Indo- Pacific species
Sycettusa sycilloides
(
Schuffner, 1877 as
Sycortis
) by
Burton (1963)
without further comments. For that reason and because Schuffner’s material was from East Africa (
Mauritius
) we prefer to retain
Sycettusa sibogae
n.comb.
as a distinct species. The
type
of
S. sibogae
n.comb.
(ZMA Por. 00148) from Makassar Strait,
Indonesia
, is a single tube and the large triactines have their rays somewhat more curved than in our material but spicule sizes and categories match to a large extent. The possibility that the
Clipperton
specimens belong to a closely related but distinct species cannot be entirely excluded. For that reason we added ‘
aff
.’ to the species identification.
Sycettusa tenuis
Borojevic & Klautau (2000)
from
New Caledonia
differs from the present material in possessing atrial tetractines and lacking the subdivision in larger and smaller triactines.