The genus Pristaulacus Kieffer, 1900 (Hymenoptera: Aulacidae) in Vietnam and Northeastern Laos with descriptions of ten new species Author Pham, Nhi Thi 0001-0002-9304-9863 Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam ptnhi2@yahoo.com Author Long, Khuat Dang Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam Author Dzuong, Nguyen Van 0000-0003-2363-0088 Tay Bac University, Son La, Vietnam duongdhtb@gmail.com Author Mai, Pham Quynh 0000-0002-9479-9604 Institute of Ecology & Biological Resources (IEBR), Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam & Graduate University of Science & Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science & Technology (VAST), 18 Hoang Quoc Viet Road, Cau Giay, Ha Noi, Vietnam pqmai70@gmail.com Author Turrisi, Giuseppe Fabrizio 0000-0002-5258-367X Museum of Natural History “ La Specola ”, Entomology, University of Florence, via Romana, 17, 50125 Florence, Italy giuseppefabrizio.turrisi@unifi.it text Zootaxa 2024 2024-03-28 5432 2 213 249 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5432.2.4 journal article 10.11646/zootaxa.5432.2.4 1175-5326 10898639 86CDBFBF-A565-4C97-AE83-306369B48E5A Pristaulacus alius Long , sp. nov. Figures 1–2 , 23 Type material . VIETNAM : holotype , ♂ , labelled, “Aulac. 009 ” ( IEBR ), NW Vietnam : Son La , Thuan Chau , Co Ma forest , 21°19’02.2’’N 103°35’14.1’’E , 1591 m , MT , 27.iv–2.v.2016 , HTHCT . Etymology . Named from “alius ” (Latin for “another, other”). Diagnosis . Head from above 1.1 × wider than long; occipital carina lamelliform, interrupted medially; median occipital groove deep, U-shaped; occipital carina 0.3 × diameter of an ocellus; pronotum, in lateral view with one projecting tooth-like process; fore wing without dark brown spots, apex slightly infuscate; fore wing vein 2-Rs+M relatively long, discal cell elongate; vein 3-Ma much shorter than vein 3-Mb; hind femur 0.7 × length of hind tibia; tarsal claws with four (3+) tooth-like processes; petiole elongate, almost parallel-sided, 6.7 × its apical width. Description. ( holotype , ♂ ), body length: 12.7 mm ; antenna length: 8.2 mm ; fore wing length: 9.6 mm ( Fig. 1 ). FIGURE 1. Habitus of Pristaulacus alius Long , sp. nov . , holotype, male, lateral. Colour . Head black, frons, clypeus and malar space with long and dense goldish setae ( Fig. 2B ); scape yellow; pedicel and flagellum black; mandible yellow basally, brown apically; labial palpi brown; first–second segments of maxillary palpi brown; segments 3–5 pale brown; mesosoma black; fore and middle legs yellow, except middle coxa dark brown basally; hind coxa blackish brown, yellow at extreme apex; hind trochanters, trochantellus, femur yellow; hind tibia largely brownish yellow, yellow basally and apically; wing membrane yellowish; fore wing without dark brown spots; veins brown; first metasomal tergite black, orange ventro-apically; tergites 2–7 brown dorsally, largely orange laterally and ventrally ( Fig. 1 ). FIGURE 2. Pristaulacus alius Long , sp. nov . , holotype, male. A Head, dorsal, arrow indicates U-shaped medial occipital groove, B Head, frontal, C Head, lateral, D Mesonotum, dorsal, E Mesosoma , lateral, arrow indicates anterior tooth-like process F Hind tarsus, lateral, G Hind tarsal claw, dorsal, H Propodeum, dorsal, arrow indicates metapostnotum, I Fore wing, dorsal, J Metasomal tergites 1–2, dorsal. Head . From above 1.0 × wider than long dorsally; scape 1.3 × length pedicel; first flagellomere 1.4 × as long as scape, and 0.5 × length of second flagellomere; frons densely punctate; frons, clypeus and malar space with long and dense setae ( Fig. 2B ); malar space 0.3 × eye length laterally ( Fig. 2C ); frons with dense fine punctures; temple as long as eye length dorsally; occipital median groove U-shaped ( Fig. 2A ); occipital carina narrow, incomplete medially, 0.3 × diameter of an ocellus; POL: OOL = 11: 11; vertex and temple with rather dense fine punctures; distance between punctures 2.0–2.5 × puncture diameter. Mesosoma . Pronotum with one anteroventrally projecting tooth-like process ( Fig. 2E ); propleuron areolate-rugulose, pubescence long; mesoscutum in lateral view almost perpendicular above pronotum; medial and lateral lobes transversely rugose, with short and sparse setae; scutellum and axillae rugose-coriaceous ( Fig. 2D ); mesepisternum reticulate with short pubescence; metapostnotum wide, sparsely crenulate ( Fig. 2H ); metapleuron reticulate-rugose, with short pubescence; propodeum largely areolate-rugose ( Fig. 2H ); fore wing with vein 2-Rs almost straight; vein 1-Ma curved basally; r: 3-Rs = 14: 32; discal cell nearly quadrate; vein relatively long ( Fig. 2I ); 2-Rs+M: 2-Ma: 3-Ma: 3-Mb = 3: 27: 7: 17; hind femur 0.7 × length of hind tibia; inner spur: outer spur = 12: 10; hind basitarsus 1.3 × length of tarsomeres 2–5 combined; hind basitarsus 3.1 × length of second tarsomere; second tarsomere 1.7 × length of third; third tarsomere 2.3 × length of fourth; fourth tarsomere 0.4 × length of fifth; hind tarsal claw with four tooth-like processes ( Fig. 2G ). Metasoma . Pyriform (lateral view), strongly compressed laterally; petiole narrowly elongate, almost parallel-sided, 6.7 × its apical width; segments 1 and 2 mostly polished and shiny, with fine and superficial rugosity; remaining segments polished and shiny. Female. Unknown Taxonomic remarks . Pristaulacus alius sp. nov. resembles closely P. manuelae Turrisi & Madl , described from a female from Laos , due to the shape of the head with elongate temple behind eye dorsally. We examined the holotype of P. manuelae and it is possible to ascertain the following main differences: 1) Occipital carina 0.3 × diameter of an ocellus (broader in P. manuelae , 1.0 × diameter of an ocellus); 2) Fore wing without substigmal spot (fore wing with a wide and well developed substigmal spot in P. manuelae ); 3) Setae goldish on head and mesosoma (setae whitish on head and mesosoma in P. manuelae ); 4) Hind tarsus yellowish (hind tarsus brownish in P. manuelae ). It also superficially resembles P. vietnamensis Turrisi & Smith , and P. simulatus sp. nov. , but it is easily distinguished at first glance by the shape of the head, with very long temples behind eyes dorsally; other differences among these species are given in the key and descriptions. Biology . Unknown. Distribution . Northwestern Vietnam ( Lao Cai province ) ( Fig. 23 ).