Observations on the Biology of Afrotropical Hesperiidae (Lepidoptera). Part 8. Hesperiinae incertae sedis: Dracaena Feeders
Author
Cock, Matthew J. W.
Author
Congdon, T. Colin E.
Author
Collins, Steve C.
text
Zootaxa
2015
2015-07-13
3985
3
301
348
journal article
10.11646/zootaxa.3985.3.1
0a09b779-2166-4305-9d3e-53effb06f108
1175-5326
253532
46DE9DD6-55E3-4BF5-A2AF-A058A0294A72
Artitropa
sp. SCC01 and SCC02
ABRI collectors found and reared a population of this undescribed species in the Montagne d’Ambre, northern
Madagascar
, and have referred to it in unpublished reports as
A. alaotrana
Oberthür
or close. It is not
A. alaotrana
, and indeed appears to be closer to
A. hollandi
Oberthür
, and will be described as new by D.C. Lees (pers. comm.). For the moment we refer to it as
Artitropa
sp. SCC01, based on the convention described by
Janzen
et al
. (2009)
. Further similar material was collected at Anjozorobe, in central
Madagascar
about
100km
north of Antananarivo, which may well represent an additional species or subspecies, and we refer to this here as
Artitropa
sp. SCC02.
Life history.
At Montagne d’Ambre, the food plant of
Artitropa
sp. SCC01 was an unidentified
Dracaena
sp. resembling the mainland
D. mannii
, presumably Clade A of
Buerki
et al
. (2009)
. Caterpillars were found on small plants on the edges of open spaces. The newly-laid ovum (Figure 8.1–2) is salmon in colour and typical of
Artitropa
spp. The final instar caterpillar has a distinctive brown head with a black central marking across the centre of the face extending into the dorsal part of the adfrontals, and surrounded by a halo of very pale brown (Figure 8.3–5). The pupa is typical in shape for
Artitropa
, but the colouring and markings are not yet visible in the newly moulted pupa shown in Figure 8.6.
FIGURE 7.
Pinned adults of
Artitropa
sp. SCC02, collected on
Dracaena
sp., Anjozorobe, central Madagascar Nov 2006 [SCC]. 1.5 x life size, scale bar = 1 cm. The female emerged from a field collected pupa, and so is considered normal sized, whereas the male was reared from a field collected caterpillar and may be relatively small.
FIGURE 8.
Early stages of
Artitropa
spp.
1–6
,
Artitropa
sp. SCC01 collected on
Dracaena
sp., Montagne d’Ambre, northern Madagascar [TCEC].
1–2
, ovum, 13 Jan 2003:
1
, dorsal view;
2
, ovum lateral view, 13 Jan 2003.
3–5
, final instar caterpillar, 10 Jan 2003:
3
, dorsolateral view;
4–5
, head, anterior views.
6
, newly moulted pupa 7 Jan 2003.
7
, Final instar caterpillar of
Artitropa
sp. SCC02 collected on
Dracaena
sp., Anjozorobe, central Madagascar [SCC]; caterpillar in shelter showing head in anterior view, 21 Nov 2006.
At Anjozorobe in
November 2006
, SCC collected caterpillars of
Artitropa
sp. SCC02 on a narrow-leaved
Dracaena
sp., similar to or the same as that used by
Artitropa
sp. SCC01 in the north of
Madagascar
. The caterpillars were similar to those of the population from Montagne d’Ambre, but the head ground colour is green rather than brown, the central area appears narrower, and the halo around it is whiter and more sharply defined on the external margin (Figure 8.7). The pupa was not documented.
At this stage, the difference in the caterpillars and adults of the two early stages suggest two taxa are involved, but this requires further investigation. The caterpillar head markings of these two taxa are completely distinct from those of the other described species of
Artitropa
, but not dissimilar to those of
G. shelleyi
(
Figure 4
).