Alpheid shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) of the Trindade & Martin Vaz Archipelago, off Brazil, with new records, description of a new species of Synalpheus and remarks on zoogeographical patterns in the oceanic islands of the tropical southern Atlantic Author Anker, Arthur Author Tavares, Marcos Author Mendonça, Joel B. text Zootaxa 2016 4138 1 1 58 journal article 38564 10.11646/zootaxa.4138.1.1 f2f1f6f3-e96b-40ab-875c-1e522dad9fa1 1175-5326 271958 92CE67CD-BA74-4DE6-8117-13E2F19632DC Automate dolichognatha de Man , 1888 sensu lato Automate dolichognatha de Man 1888 : 529 , pl. 22, fig. 5; Banner & Banner 1973 : 299 , fig. 1; Wicksten 1983 : 41 ; Chace 1988 : 64 ; Manning & Chace 1990 : 16 ; Christoffersen 1998 : 361 ; Wicksten & Hendrickx 2003 : 65 . Automate cf. dolichognatha— Almeida et al. 2013: 1399, fig. 2. (?) Automate Talismani Coutière 1902 : 340 . (?) Automate talismani — Holthuis 1951 : 115. Automate Gardineri Coutière 1902 : 337 ; Coutière 1903 : 72 , figs. 1–7. Automate gardineri — Banner & Banner 1966 : 37 , fig. 8; Chace 1972 : 74 , fig. 23; Williams 1984 : 100 , fig. 68; Abele & Kim, 1986 : 200 , 216–217, figs. a–d; McClure 2005 : 159 , fig. 26. Automate kingsleyi Hay 1917 : 72 ; Hay & Shore, 1918 : 387 , fig. 10, pl. 26, fig. 7. Automate haightae Boone 1931 : 184 , fig. 22. Automate johnsoni Chace 1955 : 13 , fig. 7. [complete synonymy will be provided in the revision of Automate (Anker, in study)] Material examined . Brazil : 1 male (?) (cl 2.1 mm , missing most pereiopods and major cheliped), MZUSP 31024, Trindade Island , Praia do Lixo, 20°31’43.5”S – 29°19’28.1”W , depth: 23 m , coll. C.H. Guimarães et al. , 17.ii.2012 ; 1 female (cl 2.0 mm, missing major cheliped), MZUSP 32073, TAAF MD 55 / Brésil 1987 campaign, sta. 21 / DC35, Espírito Santo, off Vitória, Vitória-Trindade Seamount Chain, 20°42’S – 35°22’W , depth: 82 m , sand with calcareous nodules, 16.v.1987 . Size of largest male (?): 2.1 mm ( MZUSP 31024); largest female: cl 2.0 mm ( MZUSP 32073). Additional (extra-limital) material examined . Brazil : 1 ovig. female, 1 non-ovig. specimen (both specimens missing chelipeds), MNRJ 17899, Atol das Rocas , between Piscina das Tartarugas and Piscina das Procas, in tide pools among calcareous algae, coll. P.S. Young, P.C. Paiva & A.A. Aguiar, 28.x.2000 . Description . See de Man (1888) for original description and illustrations, Banner & Banner (1973) for complementary description and illustrations, and Chace (1972) for illustrations of the western Atlantic material (but see below). Distribution . Pantropical, possibly species complex (see below). Amphi-Atlantic: North Carolina to Florida; Gulf of Mexico ; throughout Caribbean Sea; Bermuda (?); Brazil : Atol das Rocas , Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, Vitória- Trindade Seamount Chain; Trindade Island ; Ascension Island (reported under various names, see below) ( Chace 1972 ; Williams 1984 ; Manning & Chace 1990 ; Christoffersen 1998 ; Almeida et al. 2013; present study); Cape Verde Archipelago (as A. talismani Coutière, 1902 , see below) ( Holthuis 1951 ). Eastern Pacific: California to Peru , including Isla del Coco (Cocos Island ) and Galapagos (as A. haightae Boone, 1930 , see below) ( Wicksten & Hendrickx 2003 ). Indo-West Pacific: Red Sea to Japan , Australia and French Polynesia ( Banner & Banner 1973 ; Chace 1988 ). Ecology . Variety of habitats rich in rocks or coral rubble on sand or sand-mud bottoms; usually under rocks and rubble, sometimes in burrows, rubble crevices etc.; intertidal to at least 80 m . Remarks . Automate dolichognatha , originally described from Indonesia (de Man 1888 ), remains a highly problematic taxon with an almost pantropical distribution. In the eastern Atlantic, A. dolichognatha is presumably “replaced” by A. talismani Coutière, 1902 ; however, the few morphological differences listed by Coutière (1902) are slight and therefore not convincing, especially considering the amount of morphological variation reported for A. dolichognatha (e.g., Banner & Banner 1973 ). The present concept of a single widespread species appears to be undermined by the morphological diversity of the chelipeds and possible differences in the colour patterns (A. Anker, pers. obs.). It is already clear that A. dolichognatha will need a much more detailed taxonomic revision encompassing examination of all available type material, and a combined morphological-molecular analysis of fresh material from various parts of the world. For the time being, all western Atlantic (including Brazilian) records are tentatively assigned to A. dolichognatha sensu lato . Automate dolichognatha was previously known from Brazil based only on a few records from continental waters ( Christoffersen 1998 ; Almeida et al. 2013) and is now recorded for the first time from Atol das Rocas and Trindade Island .