Catalogue and Bibliography of the Hong Kong Carabidae Latreille, 1802 (Coleoptera: Adephaga), with notes on the historic boundaries of Hong Kong as related to zoological collections Author Aston, Paul text Zootaxa 2016 4121 3 201 257 journal article 38912 10.11646/zootaxa.4121.3.1 6cb37831-da16-4763-a32c-aef636512990 1175-5326 265007 172021D4-55C8-483F-A6B2-F823C3022F90 Genus Cosmodela Rivalier, 1961 . Cosmodela aurulenta juxtata Acciavatti & Pearson, 1989 Listed as C . aurulenta juxtata Acciavatti & Pearson, 1989 by Wiesner (1992) , Hua (2002) , Puchkov & Matalin (2003) , Wiesner (2004), Sawada & Wiesner (2004) , Sawada & Wiesner (2006a) , Wiesner (2008) and Wiesner (2013b) . Westwood (1853) was the first to note this species for Hong Kong as Calochira aurulanta ( Fabricius, 1801 ). Dover & Ribeiro (1923) and Hua (2002) list Cosmodela aurulenta aurulenta ( Fabricius, 1801 ) for Hong Kong , whereas Chaudoir (1865) , Dover & Ribeiro (1923) , Schilder (1911) , Horn (1930) , Chen et al. (2002) and Hua (2002) list Cicindela aurulenta flavomaculata Chevrolat for Hong Kong . Hill & Cheung (1978) and Hill (1982) incorrectly name this species Cicindela separata ( Fleutiaux, 1893 ) . It is listed under that name by Hua (2002) . So (1967) , Hill & Cheung 1978 and Hill 1982 cite the species as Cosmodela separata ( Fleutiaux, 1893 ) . Lee & Winney (1981) list Cicindela separata Fleut. var. flavomaculata Bates for Hong Kong . These references to Cicindela separata may be through confusion with the Hong Kong records of Calochroa flavomaculata ( Hope 1831 ) and Cosmodela flavomaculata ( Bates 1872 ) a junior synonym of C . separata . Material : 3 exx. Hong Kong , Pak Sha O, 12.iv.15 – 25.iv.15 Malaise Trap, (Leg. C Bartelemy); Sight record W.T., 20.iv.06 ; Sight record W.T., 23.iv.06 ; 1 ex. W.T., 25.iv.06 ; Sight record W.T., 27.iv.08 ; Sight record W.T.L., 30.iv.15 ; Sight record W.T., 4.v.06 ; Sight record W.T., 6.v.06 (very common); Sight record W.T., 7.v.06 ; Sight record W.T., 7.v.15 ; Sight record W.T., 9.v.08 ; 3 exx. Hong Kong , Pak Sha.O, 9.v.15 – 24.v.15 Malaise Trap, (Leg; C Bartelemy); Sight record W.T., 15.v.06 ; Sight record W.T., 15.v.05 ; Sight record W.T., 13.v.06 ; Sight record W.T., 18.v.06 ; Sight record W.T.L., 18.v.15 ; Sight record W.T., 19.v.07 ; Sight record W.T., 21.v.05 ; 1 ex. W.T., 20.v.12 ; 1 ex. Hong Kong , Lantau, Tung Chung valley, 22.v.12 ; Sight record W.T., L. 24.v.15 , observed for 20 minutes, frequently moved around, but did not actively hunt even though there were a large variety of insects to which to choose; Sight record W.T., 28.v.06 ; Sight record W.T., L. 29.v.15 , observed for 20 minutes, frequently moved around, but did not actively hunt even though there were a large variety of insects to which to choose; Sight record W.T., 3.vi.06 ; Sight record W.T., 4.vi.06 ; Sight record W.T., 4.vi.15 Mating pair; Sight record W.T., 10.vi.06 ; 5 exx. Hong Kong , Pak Sha O,, 14.vi.14 – 29.vi.14, Malaise Trap (Leg; C. Barthelemy); Sight record W.T., 17.vi.06 ; Sight record W.T., 18.vi.06 ; Sight record W.T., 19.vi.05 ; Sight record Hong Kong , Lantau, Sunset Peak 24.vi.06 common at 900 m altitude; Sight record W.T., 26.vi.05 ; Sight record W.T., 27.vi.15 2 mating pairs observed; 2 exx. Hong Kong , Pak Sha O, 29.vi.14 – 12. vii.14. , Malaise Trap (Leg. C. Barthelemy); Sight record W.T., 1.vii.06 ; Sight record W.T., 1.vii.05 ; Sight record W.T., 9.vii.05 on beach; Sight record W.T., 10.vii.05 ; Sight record W.T., 17.vii.05 ; Sight record W.T., 23.vii.06 ; 3 exx. Hong Kong , Ping Shan Chai, 26.vii.14 – 09. viii.14. , Malaise Trap (Leg; C. Barthelemy); 1 ex. Hong Kong , Pak Sha O, 26.vii.14 – 09. viii.14. , Malaise Trap (Leg; C. Barthelemy); Sight record W.T., 30.vii.06 ; Sight record W.T., 2.viii.06 ; Sight record W.T., 5.viii.06 ; Sight record W.T., 8.viii.06 ; 1 ex. Hong Kong , Pak Sha O, 9.viii.14 – 23. viii.14. , Malaise Trap (Leg; C. Barthelemy); Sight record W.T., W.T., 18.viii.06 ; Sight record W.T., W.T., 21.viii.05 ; 1 ex. Hong Kong , Pak Sha O, 23.viii.14 – 13.ix.14, Malaise Trap (Leg; C. Barthelemy); 1 ex. Hong Kong , Ping Shan Chai, 23.viii.14 -13.ix.14, Malaise Trap (Leg; C. Barthelemy); Sight record W.T., W.T., 27.viii.05 ; Sight record W.T., W.T., 3.ix.05 ; Sight record W.T., W.T., 4.ix.05 ; Sight record W.T., 10.ix.05 ; Sight record W.T., 13.ix.05 ; Sight record W.T., 17.ix.05 ; Sight record W.T., 18.ix.05 ; Sight record W.T., 20.ix.05 ; sight record W.T.L., 21.ix.13 ; Sight record W.T., 4.x.05 ; Sight record W.T., 11.x.06 ; Sight record W.T., 24.x.05 . Biology : Imago found April to October, mating observed in June. This is the most easily seen species in Hong Kong , always associated with bushes and trees and absent from open grassland devoid of bushes, though can occasionally be found on beaches. Often found in the night time on the underside of leaves and can be attracted to light. Westwood (1853) quoted a letter from John Charles Bowring in Hong Kong about this species "a very common species, and may frequently be seen assembled in considerable numbers about the pabulum of cattle, lying in wait apparently for other insects which are attracted to the spots." Fully winged and readily flies. Cosmodela virgula ( Fleutiaux, 1893 ) Fowler (1912) listed C. aurulenta variation virgula as occurring in Hong Kong . Also listed as occurring in Hong Kong by Dover & Ribeiro (1923) , Mandl (1981) , Wiesner (1992) , Hua (2002) , Puchkov & Matalin (2003) , Wiesner (2004), Sawada & Wiesner (2004) and Shook & Wiesner (2006) . Fowler (1912) described it as similar to C. aurulenta with the elytral spots smaller and the central one comma shaped.