The six-eyed sand spiders of the genus Sicarius (Araneae: Haplogynae: Sicariidae) from the Brazilian Caatinga Author Magalhães, Ivan L. F. Author Brescovit, Antonio D. Author Santos, Adalberto J. text Zootaxa 2013 3599 2 101 135 journal article 10.5281/zenodo.248572 41b713af-5f0d-46bd-b6a3-4bc2e32b0c56 1175-5326 248572 9412439A-C8E1-4FA6-B51A-D9169A50970C Sicarius ornatus new species Figs 20 ; 29–31;39–40; 104–123; 130–133; 140–141; 148–149; 163–165; 166 Type material. Male holotype from Milagres, Bahia, Brazil ( 12°54'54.2''S 39°51'27.9''W ), I/2011 , M.A. Ulisséa coll., deposited in IBSP 161102 . Paratypes : same collecting data, 13 ( IBSP 161098 ), 13 ( IBSP 161100 ), 13 ( IBSP 161102 ); 12 – 16/VI/2010 , 13 ( IBSP 161085 ), 13 ( MPEG ARA 19207), 13 ( UFMG 11039) 1Ƥ ( UFMG 11042), 13 ( IBSP 161088 ), 1Ƥ ( IBSP 161089 ), 13 ( MNRJ 6524), 23 ( IBSP 161091 ), 13 ( IBSP 161092 ), 13 ( IBSP 161093 ), 13 ( IBSP 161094 ), 13 ( MZSP 48989), 13 ( IBSP 161096 ), 13 ( IBSP 161097 ); 28/I/2010 , Equipe Feira de Santana coll. , 1Ƥ ( IBSP 161081 ); 1/V/2009 , 13 ( IBSP 161082 ); mata atrás do Posto Andorinhas ( 12°54'21''S 39°50'53''W , 750m ), 16 – 19/III/2012 , E.S. Araújo & A. Medeiros coll. , 13 2Ƥ (CHNUFPI 250), 13 (CHNUFPI 73), 13 (CHNUFPI 74), 13 (CHNUFPI 258). FIGURES 160–165. Habitats where Sicarius diadorim n. sp. (160–162) and S. ornatus n. sp. (163–165) have been found. 160. Cerrado-Caatinga transition in Itacarambi, Minas Gerais. Photo by M.T.T. Santos. 161. Caatinga near rocky outcrops in Itaobim, Minas Gerais. Photo by G.F.B. Pereira. 162. Secondary Caatinga in Itaobim, Minas Gerais. 163. Atlantic Forest- Caatinga transition in Itabaiana, Sergipe. 164. Small cave near stream in Itabaiana, Sergipe. 165. Cave in Ituaçu, Bahia. Etymology. The name is due to the unusual morphology of the genitalia of both sexes in this species: the male has a keel in the palpal embolus, and the female has up to five pairs of ventral branches in the spermathecae. Diagnosis . Males differ from those of all other Sicarius species by having a keel in the embolus ( Figs 104–109 , 131–133 ). Females have up to ten digitiform branches in the ventral face of the spermathecae ( Figs 111, 115, 119 , 141 , 149 , arrows), more easily seen in lateral view, and short, non-convoluted spermathecae branches ( Figs 110–121 ). The two central branches of the spermathecae are extended posteriorly in relation to the lateral ones, and the ventral face of the spermathecae is covered with many pores ( Fig. 115, 119 , 149 ). Subadult females have very short spermathecae branches; in ventral view and as in the adult, the middle ones are extended posteriorly ( Figs 122–123 ). FIGURE 166. Distribution of Sicarius species in Brazil. Description . Male (IBSP 161102 , holotype ). Coloration and general appearance as described for the genus. Total length 11.25. Carapace: length 5.39, anterior width 2.37, thoracic region width 5.73. Clypeus height 0.92. Eyes diameters and interdistances: ALE 0.25, PLE 0.25, PME 0.23, ALE–PLE 0.2, PME–ALE 0.51. Sternum: length 2.2, width 3.14. Leg I: femur 6.74, patella 2.35, tibia 7.34, metatarsus 5.32, tarsus 2.39. II: femur 7.69, tibia 7.69. III: femur 6.91, tibia 6.56. IV: femur 7.08, patella 2.2, tibia 5.93, metatarsus 4.84, tarsus 2.29. Opisthosoma: length 5.8, width 5.18. Five picks in the palpal femur. Palp as in Figs 104–109 , 130–133 . Female. (IBSP 161089 , paratype from Milagres, Bahia). Coloration and general appearance as described for the genus. Total length 13.5. Carapace: length 6.27, anterior width 2.65, thoracic region width 6.48. Clypeus height 0.99. Eyes diameters and interdistances: ALE 0.23, PLE 0.23, PME 0.23, ALE–PLE 0.23, PME–ALE 0.69. Sternum: length 2.4, width 3.15. Leg I: femur 6.61, patella 2.66, tibia 7.25, metatarsus 4.9, tarsus 2.4. II: femur 7.51, tibia 7.25. III: femur 7.25, tibia 6.3. IV: femur 7.08, patella 2.45, tibia 6.34, metatarsus 5, tarsus 2.4. Opisthosoma: length 6.68, width 7. Six picks in the palpal femur. Spermathecae as in Figs 110–121 , 140–141 , 148–149 . Variation . Carapace length: males 4.85–6.75 (n=10), females 5.28–6.61 (n=11). Femur II: males 6.82–9.5 (n=10), females 6.48–8.12 (n=11). Picks in the palpal femur: 5–7. Spermathecae branches 13–24. Genitalic morphology is variable in both sexes ( Figs 104–121 ). The keel varies greatly in size ( Figs 132–133 ); some individuals were first thought to represent a different species, but as there is intrapopulational variation, we prefer to regard them as intermediate forms of the same species. Some females have five pairs of ventral branches in the spermathecae ( Figs 119, 121 ), others three ( Fig. 141 ), others have only one ( Figs 115 ). Distribution . Brazil , eastern Bahia and Sergipe ( Fig. 166 ). Natural history. This species has been collected from Caatinga areas, from caves ( Fig. 165 ) and from an Atlantic forest-Caatinga transition area ( Fig. 163 ). In Sergipe, specimens were taken from a small cave beside a stream ( Fig. 164 ), in much more humid conditions than it is usual for Sicarius spiders. Eggsacs have been found attached to stones or to small crevices in stones. Thirty-nine newly hatched individuals had between 1.32 and 1.5mm in carapace length. Other material examined. Bahia : Andaraí , Igatu [ 12°53’S 41°19’W ], 10 – 12/III/2012 , A.P.L. Giupponi et al. coll. , 23 2Ƥ 5 juveniles ( MNRJ 6355); Iramaia , Gruta do Calixto [ 13°17'35''S 41°3'48''W ], 1/I/2010 , 1Ƥ 1 juvenile ( ISLA 2209); Itaetê , arredores da Gruta Natal , Fazenda Rio Alegre [ 12°58’S 40°58’W ], 4/IV/2005 , D.R. Pedroso & M.E. Bichuette coll. , 1Ƥ 2 juveniles ( MNRJ 6261); Ituaçu , Gruta Mangabeira [ 13°50'21.9''S 41°18'55.2''W , 522m ], T.K. Brazil coll. , 1Ƥ 1 juvenile ( IBSP 10236) ( 13°50'21.9''S 41°18'55.2''W , 522m ), 15/I/ 2012 , I.L.F. Magalhães et al. coll. , 13 ( IBSP 162249), 13 ( IBSP 162250), 1Ƥ ( IBSP 162252), 1Ƥ ( IBSP 162253), 1Ƥ ( IBSP 162254), 13 ( UFMG 11018), 1Ƥ ( UFMG 11019); Jequié [ 13°51’S 40°4’W , 215m ], 2005 – 2006 , L. Bocardo coll. , 13 ( IBSP 70973); Maracás , próximo à sede da Ferbasa ( 13°28'16''S 40°26'17''W , 954m ), 1/V/2012 , E.S. Araújo & A. Medeiros coll. , 23 (CHNUFPI 251); Milagres ( 12°54'54.2''S 39°51'27.9''W ), 12 – 16/VI/2010 , M.A. Ulisséa coll. , 1 juvenile ( IBSP 161093 ), ( 12°54’21’’S 39°50’54’’W ), E.S. Araújo & A. Medeiros, 9/VII/ 2012 , 13 (CHNUFPI 258); Mucugê , Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Adília Paraguaçu Batista [ 12°59’S 41°22’W , 983m ], VII/2005 , J.P.Souza-Alves coll. , 1Ƥ ( IBSP 56507). Sergipe : Itabaiana , Parque Nacional Serra de Itabaiana, gruta ( 10°45'0.2''S 37°20'26''W , 188m ), 14 – 20/IX/1999 , A.D. Brescovit et al. coll. , 4Ƥ 3 juveniles ( IBSP 67162), 19/V/2012 , I.L.F. Magalhães & J.L. Chavari coll. , 13 ( IBSP 162807), 13 ( IBSP 162808), 13 ( IBSP 162811), 1Ƥ ( IBSP 162812), 1Ƥ ( IBSP 162815), 13 ( UFMG 11726), 13 ( UFMG 11727), 1Ƥ ( UFMG 11728), 1Ƥ ( UFMG 11729).