A revision of the endemic Hawaiian genus Thyrocopa (Lepidoptera: Xyloryctidae: Xyloryctinae)
Author
Medeiros, Matthew J.
text
Zootaxa
2009
2202
1
47
journal article
10.5281/zenodo.275119
ed4c6a69-93b2-4177-888f-cdc9f9a8a327
1175-5326
275119
Thyrocopa
Meyrick
Thyrocopa
Meyrick, 1883a
: 32
.
Type
species:
Thyrocopa abusa
Walsingham.
(=
Thyrocopa usitata
of
Meyrick, 1883a
: 33
, not
Depressaria usitata
Butler, 1881
:396
).
Walsingham, 1907b
: 492
. Clarke, 1969b: 480.
Zimmerman, 1978
: 932
.
Synomotis
Meyrick, 1883a
: 33.
Type
species:
Synomotis epicapna
Meyrick.
Synonymy by
Walsingham, 1907b
: 492.
Hodegia
Walsingham, 1907b
: 488
.
Type
species:
Hodegia apatela
Walsingham.
Synonymy by
Zimmerman (1978: 932)
.
Ptychothrix
Walsingham, 1907b
: 489
.
Type
species:
Ptychothrix vegans
Walsingham.
Synonymy by
Zimmerman (1978: 932)
.
Psychra
Walsingham, 1907b
: 489.
Type
species:
Psychra phycidiformis
Walsingham.
Synonymy by
Zimmerman (1978: 932)
.
Catamempsis
Walsingham, 1907b
: 491.
Type
species:
Catamempsis decipiens
Walsingham.
Synonymy by
Zimmerman (1978: 932)
.
Description
:
Head
: Vestiture mostly smooth, except erect scales near vertex and dorsal to compound eyes; scales moderately broad, often paler near apex of each scale. Ocelli absent. Haustellum present with basal scaling. Antennal scape without pectin. Labial palpus smooth, long, recurved (
Fig. 56
).
Thorax:
Vestiture smooth. Forewing (
Fig. 55
) with R4 and R5 stalked; CuP present; fringe minimal. Hindwing (
Fig. 55
) with CuP present; males with thick brush of hairlike scales at base of wing extended under narrow costal fold, nearly entire length of costa.
Abdomen
: Posterior margin of segments 2-7 with dorsal band of transverse orange spines (
Fig. 62
); number of spines per segment dependent on size of segment, mostly between 80 and 190 spines. Male genitalia with uncus triangular (
Fig. 63
), slightly downcurved, with cluster of setae laterally. Gnathos V-shaped, upcurved, slightly flared distally with acute tip. Phallus cylindrical, with slightly hollowed-out tip (
Fig. 57
). Female genitalia with anterior apophysis ca. 0.3x length of posterior apophysis. Segment VIII slightly tapered, ca.
2x
length of preceding segments, with similar spination. Sterigma reduced to spurlike lateral projections. Ductus seminalis arising near base of ductus bursae. Ductus bursae ca. as long as anterior apophysis, gradually enlarged to corpus bursae; corpus bursae ovate, ca. as long as anterior apophysis; one signum, bearing tiny blunt spines (
Figs. 99, 100
).
Immature stages
(summarized from
Zimmerman 1978
):
Larva
: Head with adfrontals ending distant from vertical triangle; seta O1 inside row of more numerous ocelli; frons very short, not reaching middle of front of head and not reaching level of P1 setae; mandibles with nearly straight internal cutting edge which is not conspicuously dentate; three prepiracular L group setae on prothorax arranged in subhorizontal line; crochets of ventral prolegs arranged in complete circles or ellipses; spiracles of abdominal segments 1 to 7 conspicuously larger than SD1 setal sockets, about three times their size and with very thick rims; anal fork absent.
Pupa
: Cauda armed with one or more slender-tipped, spinelike processes and derm of dorsum often extensively sculptured (
Zimmerman 1978: 933, fig. 649
).