World revision of Xenomerus Walker (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea, Platygastridae) 2708 Author Mikó, I. Author Masner, L. Author Deans, A. R. text Zootaxa 2010 2010-12-03 2708 1 73 journal article 1175­5334 Xenomerus ochraceus Mikó & Masner , new species Figures 42–44 , 48, 51 , 95, 97 , 113 FEMALE ( Holotype ): Length= 1.20 mm . Yellowish-brown (ochre); head, excluding clypeus and interantennal process, clava, metasoma excluding T1 and lateroterga, pronotum medially, mesoscutum and mesoscutellum darker ochre, legs, radicle, base of A1 and interantennal process yellow. FCI =1.18; LCI =1.86; HW/IOS =1.63; head less than 1,5 times as wide as mesosoma ( HW/TSL = 1.3); facial striae exceeding midlevel of eye along inner orbit, obscuring frontal patch; frontal patch distinct; frons setae dense, setae thin; central keel incomplete; toruli triangle shorter than clypeus height; POL less than 1.5 times as long as OOL ( POL/OOL =1.25); OOL more than 1.5 times as long as LOL ( OOL/LOL =1.66); hyperoccipital carina absent; vertex patch present, with diameter equal to lateral ocellus; vertex setae denser behind POL area; genal patch absent; A1 more than 5 times as long as radicle ( A1/r =5.16), longer than clava ( A1/cl =1.12). Epomial carina absent; cervical pronotal area, with scattered setae and reticulate sculpture along lateral and dorsal margin; lateral pronotal area reticulate medially, with scattered setae, ventrolaterally smooth; netrion sulcus incomplete; netrion sculpture extending to lateral pronotal area; pronotal suprahumeral sulcus diminishing medially, foveolate; pronotal cervical sulcus not foveolate; anterior tip of pronotum reduced; mesoscutum more than 1.5 times as wide as long ( TSL/ML =1.77); notaulus absent; mesoscutum with dense setae; mesoscutum sculpture reaching posterior margin of mesoscutum; mesoscutellum more than 2.0 times as wide as long ( SW/SL =2.12); scuto-scutellar sulcus slightly diminishing medially, 1.5 times as wide laterally as in the middle; mesoscutellum punctate, with dense, scattered setae; posterior scutellar sulcus extending on axillula; sternaulus not separated from anterior row of foveae of mesopleural carina; distance between postacetabular sulcus and anterior row of foveae of mesopleural carina nearly equal to foveae width of postacetabular sulcus; mesopleural carina complete, with complete row of foveae, maximal distance between posterior row of foveae of mesopleural carina and mesepimeral sulcus as long as width of posterior row of foveae of mesopleural carina; sulcus along metapleural carina foveolate; metascutellum bluntly triangular, entirely striated; propodeal lateral carinae S- shaped; propodeal lateral area and plical area obscured by sparse setae, entirely striated; posterior propodeal projection distinct, tubercle like; fore wing as wide as mesoscutum ( TSL/WW =1); marginal vein more than 3 times as long as stigmal vein ( m/st =3.33); hind wing more than 2 times as wide as marginal cilia length ( HWW/HWS =2.40). T1 about 1.5 times as wide as T1+T2 length ( T1W/T1+T2L =1.60); T3 as wide as mesoscutum ( T3W/ TSL =1.05); basal depressions broad; costae not extending from it; lateral patch absent; diameter of posterior patch of T3 nearly equal to width of 3 basal depressions, weakly visible; T3 with dense setae laterally; apical setae of T3 elongate, more than two times as long as lateral setae of tergum; lateral patch on T4 present, median patch absent. Variability (n=23): Length= 0.86–1.51 mm (m=1.08, SD =0.17); color variable: ochre, except interocellar area, clava, mesonotum and metasoma dark brown; ochre, except metasoma apically dark brown; ochre, except head and mesonotum dark brown; ochre except mesoscutellum, metasoma apically and mesonotum anteriorly dark brown; unicolored ochre to light yellow; FCI =1.13–1.23 (m=1.17, SD =0.02); LCI =1.63–1.86 (m=1.77, SD =0.06); HW/IOS =1.56–1.69 (m=1.63, SD =0.03); HW/TSL =1.20–1.44 (m=1.31, SD =0.05); POL/OOL =1.25–1.35 (m=1.27, SD =0.03); OOL/LOL =1.55–1.77 (m=1.65, SD =0.07); A1/r =5.00–5.75 (m=5.30, SD =0.21); A1/cl =1.00–1.18 (m=1.08, SD =0.06); TSL/ML =1.55–1.76 (m=1.65, SD =0.09); SW/ SL =1.90–2.27 (m=2.13, SD =0.10); sometimes maximal distance between posterior row of foveae of mesopleural carina and mesepimeral sulcus 2–3 times as wide as posterior row of foveae; TSL/WW =0.80– 1.12 (m=0.96, SD =0.07); m/st =3.26–3.56 (m=3.38, SD =0.08); HWW/HWS =1.84–2.66 (m=2.13, SD =0.25); T1W/T1+T2L =1.36–1.77 (m=1.62, SD =0.13); T3W/TSL =0.96–1.16 (m=1.06, SD =0.05), sometimes costae extending from basal depressions, never exceeding middle of tergum; basal depressions thick; sometimes T4 reticulate medially and laterally, smooth submedially. MALE (n=9): length=0.90–1.12 (m=0.98, SD =0.11); A1–2 yellow to light brown, A3–A12 light brown to dark brown, metasoma and sometimes mesonotum brown; head wider ( FCI =1.24–1.33, m=1.29, SD =0.03); LCI =1.61–1.77, m=1.69, SD =0.07); HW/IOS =1.48–1.59 (m=1.54, SD =0.04); HW/TSL =1.29–1.45 (m=1.40, SD =0.05); OOL longer ( POL/OOL =1.00–1.16, m=1.08, SD =0.05); OOL/LOL =2.00–2.11, m=2.01, SD =0.04); A1/r =3.75–4.12 (m=3.85, SD =0.15); A5 modified; A7–A11 dibottled, with weak constriction in-between; flagellomeres with numerous ventral microcilia; TSL/ML =1.65–1.77 ( m=1.71, SD =0.04); notaulus present; SW/SL =1.90–2.05 ( m=1.96, SD =0.06); TSL/WW =0.77–0.91 (m=0.83, SD =0.05); m/st =4.00–4.5 (m=4.27, SD =0.22); HWW/HWS =1.66–1.87 (m=1.80, SD =0.08); metasoma longer ( T1W/T1+T2L =1.42–1.60, m=1.51, SD =0.06; T3W/TSL =0.96–1.03, m=0.98, SD =0.02). Diagnosis. Xenomerus ochraceus shares the incomplete central keel with X. guinensis , differing by dense setae on frons, thick basal depressions and short costae on T3, not extending to middle of tergum. Most closely related to X. yamagishi , differs by incomplete central keel and thick basal depressions on T3. Etymology. The species name refers to body color. Material examined. Holotype female : CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC : Sangha-Mbaéré Prefecture , Dzanga Ndoki National Park , Mabéa Bai , 510m , 3.0333 , 16,416 6, 07.V.2001 , D.L.Fisher [ SAMC :####] . Paratypes : CAMEROUN : South Province , Ebolowa , Nkoemvon , IV–V.1980 , D.Jackson , 1♀ ; South Province , Ebolowa , Nkoemvon , VII–VIII.1980 , Mrs.D.Jackson , 1♂ [ BMNH ] ; South Province , Ebolowa , Nkoemvon , IX–X.1980 , D.Jackson , 1♀ [ BMNH ], 2♀ . CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC : Sangha-Mbaéré Prefecture , Dzanga Ndoki National Park , NE Bayanga (53˚), 3.035 , 16.4095 , 510m , 2–3.v.2001 , S.van Noort , MT, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing (CAR01-M21, OSUC:0180717), 1♀ [ SAMC ] ; Sangha-Mbaéré Prefecture , Réserve Spéciale de Forét Dense de Dzanga-Shangha , 12.7km north-west of Bayanga (326˚), 3.0045 , 16.1925 , 420m , 12.V.2001 , S.van Noort , sweeping, lowland rainforest (CAR01-S121, OSUC:0180715), 1♂ ; Sangha-Mbaéré Prefecture , Réserve Spéciale de Forét Dense de Dzanga-Shangha , 12.7km north-west of Bayanga (326˚), 3.0045 , 16.1925 , 420m , 13.V.2001 , S.van Noort , sweeping, lowland rainforest, (CAR01-S162, OSUC:0180733), 1♀ [ SAMC ] ; Sangha-Mbaéré Prefecture , Dzanga Ndoki National Park , 38.6km south of Lidjombo (173˚) 2.36,16.053, 350m, 20–21.V.2001 , S.van Noort , MT, lowland rainforest (CAR01-M158, OSUC:0180716), 1♀ ; Sangha-Mbaéré Prefecture , Dzanga Ndoki National Park , 38.6km south of Lidjombo , 173˚ 2.36,16.053, 350m, 22.v.2001 , S.van Noort , MT, lowland rainforest, sweeping (CAR01-S230, OSUC:0180714), 1♂ ; Sangha-Mbaéré Prefecture , Dzanga Ndoki National Park , 38.6km south of Lidjombo (173˚) 2.36,16.053, 350m, 26–27.V.2001 , S.van Noort , MT, lowland rainforest (CAR01-M224, OSUC:180732), 1♂ . DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC CONGO: Bandundu , Wamba , Kikongo Mission , -4.25, 17.16, 15.IV.2006 , S.L.Heydon , S.E. Stevenson , BL, 1♀ . GUINEA : Mount Nimba , 514– 740m , 7.6916 , -8.3833 , XII.1990 .– III.1991 , L.Leblanc , FIT, rainforest, 2♀ . CÔTE D'IVOIRE ( IVORY COAST ) : Vallée du Bandama Region , Bouaké , XII.1980 , 1♀ ; Vallée du Bandama Region , Bouaké , 01.X.1981 , P.Cochereau , YPT, 1♀ . KENYA : Nairobi Province , Nairobi , -01.2301 , 36.8513 , 1656m , V.2002 , S.Kimani , YPT, 1♀ [ NMKE ], 1♀ ; Nairobi State , Nairobi , -01.2301 , 36.8513 , 1656m , VII. 2002 , S.Kimani , YPT, 1♂ ; Nyanza Province , Lake Victoria , Mbita , Ungoye ICIPE Station , -0.6151,34.092, 1147m , 12– 26.II.2005 , seasonally swampy woodland next to grassland, 1♀ ; Nyanza Province , Gwasi Hills , 26.VIII– 9.IX.2005 , 1♀ ; Western Province , Mount Elgon , 1.0611 , 34.7538 , 2630m , 16–30.I.2006 , R.Cope , land stream near forest, 1♀ . MADAGASCAR : Tamatave , Perinet , 27.IV.–3.V.1983 , J.Noyes , M.C.Day , (B.M. 1983-201), 1♀ [ BMNH ], 2♀ ; Fianarantsoa , Ranomafana National Park , Belle Vue trail, 1070m , -21.2665 , 47.4201 , 10– 25.XII.1999 , M.E.Irwin , 1♂ ; Tulear Sakarah , -22.876 , 44.704 , 17–18.XII.1999 , M.E.Irwin et al. , MT, 1♀ . MALAWI : Chitipa District , Jembya Reserve , 18 km SSE, Chisenga , -10.013, 33.45, 1870m , 05–10.XII.1988 , J.Rawlins and S.Thompson , 1♀ ; Chitipa District , Jembya Reserve , 18 km SSE, Chisenga , -10.013, 33.45, 1870m , 11–20.XII.1988 , J.Rawlins and S.Thompson , 5♀ . MALI : Sikasson Region , Yanfolia , VIII–IX.1986 , J.Durham , MT, 1♂ . MOZAMBIQUE : Niassa Cuamba , Catholic University of Mozambique farm, 600m , 17.IV–2.II.2006 , M.Olmi , MT, 1♀ . NIGERIA : Oyo State , Ibadan , 5.I.1962 , D.C.Eidt , 1♀ ; Oyo State , Ibadan , 13.VII.1962 , D.C.Eidt , 1♀ ; Oyo State , Ibadan , 29.IX.1962 , D.C.Eidt , 1♀ ; Oyo State , Ibadan , IITA X.1987 , J.S.Noyes , MT, 1♀ [ BMNH ] ; Oyo State , Fiditi , 3.XI.1987 , J.S.Noyes , 1♀ ; RWANDA : Nyungwe National Park , Nyungwe Forest , -2.7694,29.3525, 24–26.VIII.1993 , L.Leblanc , YPT, FIT, MT, primary rainforest, 1♀ . SOUTH AFRICA : Eastern Cape , E. London , -32.9816,27.8866, 24–29.XII.2004 , M.Mostovski , MT, 1♀ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Drakensberg , 75km , WSW, Eastcourt Cathedral Peaks , 7–20.XII.1979 , S.& J.Peck , MT, riverside scrub, 2♀ , 2♂ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Drakensberg , Cathedral Peak , Didima , -28.9566,29.24, 1420m , 3– 11.II.2005 , V.Kolyada , YPT, 2♀ [ NMSA ], 3♀ , 1♂ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg , Cumberland Natural Reserve . -29.5133 , 30.505 , 21–22.II.2005 , V.Kolyada , YPT, 1♂ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg , Ferncliff Nat’l reserve , 850m , -29.5533, 303433, 6–8.IV.2005 , V.Kolyada , YPT, 1♂ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg Hilton , 11–23.XI.2003 , M.Mostowski , MT, 1♂ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Pietermaritzburg , Townbush Valley , IV.1976 . D.Brothers , MT, 1♂ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Ramsgate Butterfly Sanctuary , -30.8883,30.34, 1.XI–2.XII.2004 , M.Mostowski , MT., 1♂ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Ramsgate Butterfly Sanctuary , -30.8883,30.34, 9.I–2.II.2005 , M.Mostowski , MT, 1♀ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Vernon Crookes Natural Reserve , -30.29,30.615, 18.II–18.III.2005 , M.Mostovski , MT, 2♀ , 1♂ ; Kwazulu-Natal , Vernon Crookes , Natural Reserve , -30.29,30.615, 18–20.III. 2005 , 250m, V.Kolyada , 1♀ [ NMSA ], 1♀ , 1♂ [ NMSA ], 2♂ ; Limpopo Province ( Transvaal ), Malta Forest , 900m , 15km west of Trichardtsdal , XII.1985 . W.R.M.Mason 1♀ ; Limpopo Province ( Transvaal ), 15 km east of Klaserie Guernsey Farm , 19–31.XII.1985 , M.Sanborne , 2♀ , 1♂ ; TANZANIA : Morogoro Region , Morogoro , Sokoine University , 05–10.VIII.1994 , J.LaSalle , 1♂ ; UGANDA : Entebbe , X–XI.1972 , MT, 1♀ . Holotype deposited in SAMC . Paratypes are deposited in BMNH (4) , CNCI (61), NMKE (1), NMSA (4) and SAMC (2). Comments. X. ochraceus is one of the most widely distributed and perhaps the most variable Xenomerus species from South Africa to Indonesia .