A species-level taxonomic review and host associations of Glyptapanteles (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) with an emphasis on 136 new reared species from Costa Rica and Ecuador Author Arias-Penna, Diana Carolina Author Whitfield, James B. Author Janzen, Daniel H. Author Winifred Hallwachs, Author Dyer, Lee A. Author Smith, M. Alex Author Hebert, Paul D. N. Author Fernandez-Triana, Jose L. text ZooKeys 2019 890 1 685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.890.35786 1313-2970-890-1 FD8F695311F64DF2950F6A387340BCE5 2691DADB7BA352BEBA377C901FC0AC97 Glyptapanteles alexborisenkoi Arias-Penna, sp. nov. Figs 7 , 8 Female. Body length 3.37 mm , antenna length 3.75 mm , fore wing length 3.57 mm . Type material. Holotype : COSTA RICA • 1♀ ; 02-SRNP-23217, DHJPAR0000025; Area de Conservacion Guanacaste , Guanacaste , Sector Cacao , Sendero Toma Agua ; cloud forest; 1,140 m ; 10.92847 , -85.46680 ; 15.vii.2002 ; Freddy Quesada leg.; caterpillar collected in third instar; white cocoons somewhat scattered, adhered on leaf surface and formed on 03.viii.2002 ; adult parasitoid emerged on 17.viii.2002 ; ( CNC ) . Paratypes . • 2 (0 ♀ , 1♂ ), (0 ♀ , 1♂ ); 02-SRNP-23217, DHJPAR0000025; same data as for holotype; ( CNC ) . Other material. Reared material. COSTA RICA : Area de Conservacion Guanacaste , Guanacaste , Sector Cacao , Sendero Derrumbe : • 1 (0 ♀ , 0 ♂ ) ( 1♀ , 0 ♂ ); 06-SRNP-36373 DHJPAR0012668; cloud forest; 1,220 m ; 10.92918 , -85.46426 ; 13.x.2006 , Manuel Pereira leg. ; caterpillar collected in fifth instar; cocoons formed on 26.x.2006 and adhered to the leaf substrate; adult parasitoid emerged on 04.xi.2006 . Diagnosis. Scutellar punctation distinct throughout ( Figs 7F , 8F ), area just behind transscutal articulation with same kind of sculpture as mesoscutum ( Figs 7E , 8E ), inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets ( Figs 7B , 8B ), vertex in dorsal view wide ( Figs 7D , 8D ), lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 clearly defined and reaching the distal edge of T2 ( Fig. 7G, H ), and fore wing with r vein straight, outer side of junction of r and 2RS veins forming a stub ( Fig. 8K ). Figure 7. Glyptapanteles alexborisenkoi sp. nov. female 02-SRNP-23217 DHJPAR0000025 A Habitus B-D Head B frontal view C lateral view D dorsal view E, I Mesosoma E Dorsal view I Lateral view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view G T1-2, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view. Figure 8. Glyptapanteles alexborisenkoi sp. nov. male 02-SRNP-23217 DHJPAR0000025 A Habitus B-D Head B frontal view C lateral view D dorsal view E, I Mesosoma E Dorsal view I Lateral view F Scutellum, metanotum, propodeum, dorsal view, G T1-3, dorsal view H, J Metasoma H Dorsal view J Lateral view K, L Wings K Fore L Hind. Coloration ( Fig. 7 A-J ). General body coloration dark reddish brown except glossa, labial and maxillary palps, and tegulae yellow-brown; apex of propleuron, lunules, BS , PMR and BM with yellow tints. Eyes dark gray and ocelli reddish. Fore legs with coxae yellow remaining parts missing; middle legs yellow although tarsomeres with brown tints; hind leg yellow-brown except coxae brown with yellow apex, apex of femora, distal half of tibia and tarsomeres brown. Petiole on T1 brown, although proximally slight lighter, contours darkened, sublateral areas light yellow-brown; T2 with median area brown, lateral ends light yellow-brown; T3 and beyond completely brown, distally each tergum with a narrow translucent band. In lateral view, T1-2 light yellow-brown; T3 and beyond with half dorsal brown, half ventral light yellow-brown. S1-4 light yellow-brown; penultimate sternum and hypopygium brown. Description. Head ( Fig. 7 B-D ). Head rounded with long and dense pubescence. Proximal three antennal flagellomeres longer than wide (0.23:0.06, 0.23:0.06, 0.23:0.05), distal antennal flagellomere longer than penultimate (0.12:0.05, 0.10:0.05), antenna longer than body (3.75, 3.37); antennal scrobes-frons shallow. Face with lateral depression, scattered and finely punctate, interspaces smooth and longitudinal median carina present. Frons punctate. Temple wide, punctations barely noticeable and interspaces smooth. Inner margin of eyes diverging slightly at antennal sockets; in lateral view, eye anteriorly convex and posteriorly straight. POL shorter than OOL (0.10, 0.12). Malar suture present. Median area between lateral ocelli without depression. Vertex laterally rounded and dorsally wide. Mesosoma ( Fig. 7E, F, I ). Mesosoma dorsoventrally convex. Mesoscutum with punctation distinct throughout, interspaces wavy/lacunose, distal half with a central dent. Scutellum triangular, apex sloped and fused with BS , scutellar punctation distinct throughout, in profile slightly convex, but on same plane as mesoscutum, phragma of the scutellum partially exposed; BS not overlapping the MPM ; ATS demilune with a little and incomplete parallel carinae only distally; dorsal ATS groove with carinae only proximally. Transscutal articulation with small and heterogeneous foveae, area just behind transscutal articulation with a sloped transverse strip and with same kind of sculpture as mesoscutum. Metanotum with BM wider than PFM (clearly differentiated); MPM circular and without median longitudinal carina; AFM without setiferous lobes and not as well delineated as PFM ; PFM thick and smooth; ATM proximally with semicircular/undulate carina and distally smooth. Propodeum without median longitudinal carina, with fine sculpture throughout and with a shallow dent at each side of nucha; proximal half curved; distal edge with a flange at each side and without stubs; propodeal spiracle distally framed by faintly concave/wavy carina; nucha surrounded by very short radiating carinae. Pronotum with a distinct dorsal furrow, dorsally with a well-defined smooth band; central area of pronotum and both dorsal and ventral furrows smooth. Propleuron with fine punctations throughout and dorsally without a carina. Metasternum flat or nearly so. Contour of mesopleuron convex; precoxal groove smooth, shiny and shallow, but visible; epicnemial ridge convex and teardrop-shaped. Legs. Ventral margin of fore telotarsus entire without seta, shape of fore telotarsus proximally narrow and distally wide. Hind coxa finely punctate throughout, and dorsal outer depression present. Inner spur of hind tibia slightly longer than outer spur (0.21, 0.19); surface of hind tibia with strong spines only on distal half. Hind telotarsus slightly longer than fourth tarsomere (0.15, 0.12). Wings. Fore wing with r vein straight; 2RS vein slightly convex to convex; r and 2RS veins forming a weak, even curve at their junction and outer side of junction forming a slight stub; 2M vein slightly curved/swollen; distally fore wing [where spectral veins are] with microtrichiae more densely concentrated than the rest of the wing; anal cell 1/3 proximally lacking microtrichiae; subbasal cell with microtrichiae virtually throughout; veins 2CUa and 2CUb completely spectral; vein 2 cu-a present as spectral vein, sometimes difficult to see; vein 2-1A proximally tubular and distally spectral, although sometimes difficult to see; tubular vein 1 cu-a curved, incomplete/broken and not reaching the edge of 1-1A vein. Hind wing with vannal lobe narrow, subdistally evenly convex, subproximally evenly convex, and setae evenly scattered in the margin. Metasoma ( Fig. 7G, H, J ). Metasoma cylindrical ; petiole finely sculptured only laterally, evenly narrowing distally with apex truncate (length 0.40, maximum width 0.17, minimum width 0.12), with scattered pubescence on distal half only laterally. Lateral grooves delimiting the median area on T2 distally losing definition (length median area 0.10, length T2 0.17), edges of median area with little sculpture, median area broader than long (length median area 0.10, maximum width 0.25, minimum width 0.10); T2 with scattered pubescence only distally. T3 longer than T2 (0.22, 0.17) and with scattered pubescence throughout. Pubescence on hypopygium dense. Cocoons. White oval cocoons with silk fibers messy/disordered/fluffy. Cocoons somewhat scattered and adhered on leaf surface. Comments. Both fore legs are missing. The third distal of mesoscutum is concave [with a dent]. The fronto-clypeal suture is present and dark delineated. The longitudinal median carina on the face is very short. Male ( Fig. 8 A-L ). Similar in coloration to female, although in lateral view, all terga and sterna are brown (in females those are yellow). The fore legs are yellow with claws brown; both the dorsal and the ventral furrows of pronotum and epicnemial ridge with yellow coloration. Etymology. Alex V. Borisenko is a research associate, Director of International Programs, at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario ( BIO ), University of Guelph , Ontario , Canada . Distribution. The parasitized caterpillars were collected in Costa Rica , ACG, Sector Cacao (Sendero Toma Agua and Sendero Derrumbe ), during July 2002 and October 2006 at 1,140 m and 1,220 m in cloud forest. Biology. The lifestyle of this parasitoid species is solitary/gregarious. Host. Cynea sp. Evans ( Hesperiidae , Hesperinae , skipper butterflies) feeding on Renealmia alpinia ( Zingiberaceae ). Saliana placens (Butler) ( Hesperiidae , Hesperinae ) feeding on Costus scaber ( Costaceae ). Caterpillars were collected in third and fifth instar.