Review of Gonatocerus (Hymenoptera: Mymaridae) in the Neotropical region, with description of eleven new species Author Triapitsyn, Serguei V. Author Huber, John T. Author Logarzo, Guillermo A. Author Berezovskiy, Vladimir V. Author Aquino, Daniel A. text Zootaxa 2010 2010-05-14 2456 1 243 journal article 32054 10.5281/zenodo.894928 77799ae7-9459-43e9-af68-c88aa98852a5 1175-5326 894928 Gonatocerus ( Cosmocomoidea ) annulicornis ( Ogloblin, 1936 ) ( Figs 185–194 ) Lymaenon annulicornis Ogloblin 1936 : 41 –44 + plates (láminas) I and IV (illustrations). Type locality: Loreto, Misiones, Argentina. Lymaenon ( Cosmocomoidea ) annulicornis Ogloblin: Ogloblin 1959b : 50 –51. Gonatocerus ( Cosmocomoidea ) annulicornis (Ogloblin) : De Santis 1967: 106 (catalog); De Santis 1979 : 367 (catalog). Gonatocerus annulicornis (Ogloblin) : Yoshimoto 1990 : 39 (listed in ater species group); Logarzo et al. 2005: 116–117 (host information); de León et al. 2005: 302–304; Jones, Logarzo, Virla et al. 2005: 343–344 (host information); de León et al. 2006: 282–290 (molecular distinction between cryptic species); de León et al. 2006a : 42 (molecular data); de León et al. 2006c: 50 (molecular data); de León et al. 2006d : 54 (molecular data); de León et al. 2006e: 56– 58 (molecular data); de León & Morgan 2006: 61 (molecular data); Triapitsyn 2006b: 112 (= G. sp. 4); de León et al. 2007: 74 (molecular data); de León & Morgan 2007 : 83 (molecular data); de León et al. 2008: 99, 102–105 (molecular data); Triapitsyn et al. 2008: 5, 22 (molecular data); Luft Albarracin et al. 2009 : 9 (list; distribution and host associations in Argentina ). Lymaenon annulicornis Ogloblin : Loiácono et al. 2005 : 12 –13 (invalid designations of holotype and paratypes ). Type material examined. Lectotype female [MLPA], here designated to avoid the existing confusion about the status of the type specimens of this species, on slide labeled: 1. “ Gonatocerus annulicornis A. O ♀? = L. morrilli How [apparently al ip] Typus 1. 3.xii.1931 . Loreto A. O.”; 2. “3850”; 3. [Red circle] “Lecto-type”. The lectotype, although insufficiently cleared, is in fair condition, almost complete (lacking a small part of the disc of one of the forewings and the distal tarsomere of one of the middle legs), perfectly spread out, and mounted dorsoventrally. This specimen was invalidly designated as a holotype by Loiácono et al. (2005) . The collecting date of the lectotype does not match the published collecting date for the three original syntype females, although there is no doubt that it was part of the type series of Lymaenon annulicornis because in fact none of the female specimens in MLPA exactly matches that collecting date ( 25.vi.1932 ), and Ogloblin himself marked this specimen as “Typus 1”. Paralectotypes [all MLPA]: 1 ♀ on slide labeled: 1. “ Gonatocerus annulicornis A. O. ♀ Paratypus. Loreto, Misiones. 27.vi.1932 . A. O.”; 2. “3871” [this specimen was invalidly designated as paratype by Loiácono et al. (2005) ; its collecting date is the closest (within two days) to the published collecting date for the three syntype females]; 1 ♀ on slide labeled: 1. “ Gonatocerus annulicornis A. O. ♀ Paratypus. 25.xii1931 . Loreto”; 2. “3884” [the collecting date of this female paralectotype actually matches the published collecting date for the syntype male]; 1 ♂ on slide labeled: “ Gonatocerus annulicornis A. O. ♂ Loreto, Misiones 14.x.1933 .” [the collecting date of this male paralectotype does not match the published collecting date for the single syntype male]. We could not locate in MLPA some of the specimens that were invalidly designated as paratypes by Loiácono et al. (2005) and assume that those were listed by mistake. Material examined. ARGENTINA. BUENOS AIRES: Hurlingham, USDA, ARS South American Biological Control Laboratory grounds: 8.xii.1999 , L. Williams, III (collected in yellow pan traps near water hyacinth) [1 ♀, CNCI]; 17.ii.2007 , G.A. Logarzo (from eggs of an unknown species of Proconiini on citrus) [3 ♂, UCRC]. Luján, Universidad Nacional de Luján, 34°35'07"S 59°04'45"W, 32 m , 17.iii.2005 , C. Coviella [2 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]. Moreno, 34°08’57’’S 58°46’57’’W, C. Coviella: 4–14.i.2005 [4 ♀, UCRC]; 22.i.2005 [1 ♀, UCRC]; 31.i.2005 [2 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]; 16.ii.2005 [1 ♀, UCRC]; 9.iii.2005 [1 ♀, 2 ♂, UCRC]; 23.iii.2005 [2 ♀, 3 ♂, UCRC]; 9.iv.2005 [2 ♀, 1 ♂, UCRC]. Tigre: iii.1945 , A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♀, MLPA]; 34°23’50’’S 58°34’32’’W, 5 m , G.A. Logarzo: 23–28.xi.2005 [1 ♀, UCRC]; 2–11.ii.2006 [1 ♀, UCRC]. CÓRDOBA, near Tanti, 31°20’47.1’’S 64°32’03.4’’W, 727 m , 17.xii.2007 – 10.i.2008 , G.A. Logarzo [1 ♀, UCRC]. CORRI- ENTES, Santo Tomé, exposed to sentinel eggs of Tapajosa rubromarginata (Signoret) 4–9.x.2006 (on citrus), emerged 23–25.x.2006 , G.A. Logarzo [2 ♀, 6 ♂, UCRC]. FORMOSA, Herradura, exposed to sentinel eggs of Tretogonia notatifrons Melichar 2–5.x.2003 , G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone [2 ♀, 1 ♂, SABCL]. JUJUY, Caimancito, 25.v.1948 , A.A. Ogloblin [1 ♀, MLPA]. LA RIOJA: Anillaco, 1–31.iii.2001 , P. Fidalgo, J. Torréns, G. Fidalgo [2 ♀, IMLA, UCRC]. Santa Vera Cruz, 28°40’42.7’’S 66°57’50.4’’W, 1660 m , 31.xii.2002 , P. Fidalgo [1 ♀, UCRC]. MISIONES: Cerro Azul, Estación Experimental Agropecuaria INTA, xii.2000 , G.A. Logarzo, V. Manrique (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [6 ♂, UCRC]. Loreto, A.A. Ogloblin: 18.x.1933 [1 ♀, MLPA]; 20.x.1936 [1 ♀, MLPA]; 1937 [1 ♀, MLPA]; iii.1945 [1 ♀, MLPA]; 15.iii.1952 [1 ♀, MLPA]. Reserva de Vida Silvestre Urugua-í, 25°58.471’S 54°06.986’W, 400 m , 7–9.xii.2003 , B.V. Brown, G. Kung [1 ♀, UCRC]. SALTA: Metán, A.A. Ogloblin: 9.xii.1952 [1 ♀, MLPA]; 15.v.1955 [1 ♀, MLPA]; no date indicated [1 ♀, UCRC]. Yariguarenda, 17.xi.1942 , [A.A. Ogloblin] [3 ♀, MLPA]. TUCUMÁN: Horco Molle (near San Miguel de Tucumán), 26°46’54.1’’S 65°19’42.1’’W, 750 m , 20.i.2003 , S.V. Triapitsyn (photographed and caught after parasitizing an egg mass of Oncometopia tucumana Schröder on stem of a lemon tree in an abandoned citrus orchard [see Fig. 4 , p. 60 in Virla et al. (2008)]) [1 ♀, UCRC]. Tafí Viejo: 18–19.xii.2000 , E.G. Virla (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [1 ♀, 8 ♂, UCRC]; xii.2000 , E.G. Virla (from eggs of T. rubromarginata ) [3 ♀, 5 ♂, UCRC]; 2001, E.G. Virla (from eggs of T. rubromarginata in citrus orchard) [2 ♀, 2 ♂, UCRC]; 12–21.ii.2002 , G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone (from eggs of T. rubromarginata on lemon, died on route to USDA-APHIS Mission Quarantine Laboratory, Edinburg, Hidalgo Co., Texas, USA) [1 ♀, 3 ♂, UCRC]; 1– 18.iii.2002 , G.A. Logarzo (from eggs of T. rubromarginata on lemon, emerged 30.iii.2002 at USDA-APHIS Mission Quarantine Laboratory) [2 ♀, UCRC]; 3–10.iii.2002 , G.A. Logarzo, L. Varone (from eggs of T. rubromarginata on lemon, emerged at USDA-APHIS Mission Quarantine Laboratory and died 22.iii.2002 [colony originators on eggs of H. vitripennis ]) [2 ♀, 5 ♂, UCRC]. BRAZIL. MINAS GERAIS, Belo Horizonte, Pampulha, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 19°52’S 43°58’W, 800 m , iv.1997 , D. Yanega [1 ♀, UCRC]. URUGUAY. SALTO, Termas de Arapey, 30°56’S 57°32’W, 220 m , 12–28.xii.2002 , S. Peck [3 ♀, 1 ♂, CNCI]. Extralimital records. USA . TEXAS , Hidalgo Co. , Edinburg , USDA-APHIS Mission Quarantine Laboratory , 16–26.iv.2002 (from eggs of Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) , progeny of a virgin female, originally from Argentina , Tucumán , Tafí Viejo , 1–18.iii.2002 , G.A. Logarzo , from eggs of T. rubromarginata on lemon) [ 14 ♂ , UCRC ] . Redescription. FEMALE ( lectotype , paralectotypes , and non-type specimens). Body length 1190–1940 µm. Body ( Fig. 187 ) and legs mostly yellowish or brownish yellow, with some orange on mesonotum, except trabeculae, 2 lateral spots on first gastral tergum and 2 middle gastral terga brown, and metatibia grayish or light brown; scape and pedicel light brown, F5 and F6 usually entirely white (at most very base of F5 occasionally grayish), remainder of funicle segments and clava dark brown. Antenna ( Figs 186 , 188 ) with radicle 0.24–0.3x total length of scape, rest of scape 2.9–3.2x as long as wide; pedicel a little shorter than F1 (when F1 with mps) or sometimes either about as long as F1 or a little longer than F1 (when F1 without mps); F1 notably shorter than F2, F2 and F3 either more or less subequal in length (when F2 with 2 mps) or F2 a little shorter than F3 (when F2 with just 1 mps), F3 longer than following funicle segments, F4–F8 each a little shorter than preceding funicle segment; mps on F1 (0 or 1), F2 (1 or 2), F3 (2), F4 (2), F5 (2), F6 (2), F7 (2), and F8 (2); clava with 8 mps, 3.0–4.0x as long as wide, a little longer than combined length of F6–F8. Mesosoma ( Figs 187 , 190 ). Propodeum ( Fig. 189 ) with well-developed, widely separated submedian carinae and several transverse rugosities in posterior half between submedian and lateral carinae; submedian carinae meeting at anterior margin of propodeum, the area between them almost smooth. Forewing ( Figs 185 , 191 ) 3.5–3.7x as long as wide; longest marginal seta 0.2–0.25x maximum wing width; disc almost hyaline, at most uniformly, slightly infumate, bare behind venation except for several setae just behind stigmal vein and usually also 1 to 3 setae just behind marginal vein. Hind wing ( Fig. 185 ) 19–22x as long as wide; disc mostly bare except for rows of setae along margins and a few scattered setae basally and apically, almost hyaline; longest marginal seta 1.8–2.4x maximum wing width. Metasoma about as long as mesosoma. Petiole 0.8–1.4x as long as wide, narrower basally than apically. Ovipositor 0.6–0.8x length of gaster, not or just barely exserted beyond its apex; ovipositor length: mesotibia length ratio 0.8–1.0:1. Measurements (µm) of the lectotype . Body: total body length: 1832; head 307; mesosoma 793; petiole 123; gaster 683; ovipositor 523. Antenna: radicle 85; rest of scape 264; pedicel 79; F1 91; F2 136; F3 136; F4 121; F5 120; F6 109; F7 106; F8 85; clava 367. Forewing 2103:597; longest marginal seta 121. Hind wing 1494:70; longest marginal seta 152. MALE ( paralectotype and non-type specimens). Body length 1160–1925 µm. Similar to female except for normal sexually dimorphic features and the following. Body generally darker than in female, with parts of vertex, mesonotum, and most of gaster usually brown; flagellum brown to dark brown. Antenna ( Fig. 192 ) with scape about 2.0x as long as wide, pedicel very small. Forewing ( Fig. 194 ) 3.4–3.6x as long as wide. Genitalia as in Fig. 193 . FIGURES 185–187. Gonatocerus ( Cosmocomoidea ) annulicornis ♀ (lectotype): 185, wings; 186, antenna; 187, body. Diagnosis. Gonatocerus ( Cosmocomoidea ) annulicornis is a member of the morrilli subgroup of the ater species group. It can be confused with the similarly looking G. ( Cosmocomoidea ) morrilli (Howard) and particularly with G. ( Cosmocomoidea ) walkerjonesi Triapitsyn , although neither of these has been recorded from the known range of G. annulicornis in South America. All three species have F5 and F6 of the female antenna white. Gonatocerus annulicornis differs from G. morrilli in lacking a dark spot on the forewing disc just beyond the venation ( Figs 185 , 191 ) and by the wider separated submedian carinae on the propodeum ( Fig. 189). It differs from G. walkerjonesi , which has similar submedian carinae on the propodeum ( Fig. 500 ), by lacking a dark spot on the forewing disc just beyond the venation and also genetically, although these two species are closely related (de León et al. 2005; de León et al. 2006; Hoddle & Stouthamer 2005 ). Distribution. NEOTROPICAL: Argentina , Brazil *, Ecuador ( Ogloblin 1959b ), and Uruguay *. The record from Ecuador , however, needs confirmation. Hosts. Oncometopia tucumana Schröder (Virla et al. 2008) , Tapajosa rubromarginata (Signoret) , and Tretogonia notatifrons Melichar (from sentinel eggs only) [new record] ( Cicadellidae ). Homalodisca vitripennis (Germar) was a factitious host under quarantine laboratory conditions in the USA (Jones, Logarzo, Virla et al. 2005).