New faunistical and taxonomic data on oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) of Taiwan Author Ermilov, Sergey G. Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia. Author Liao, Jhih-Rong Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. & Institute of Environmental and Agricultural Biology (X-BIO), Tyumen State University, Tyumen, Russia. text Acarologia 2021 2021-04-29 61 2 297 320 http://dx.doi.org/10.24349/acarologia/20214432 journal article 10.24349/acarologia/20214432 2107-7207 5392448 Tyrphonothrus nivnu n. sp. Zoobank: F9F7AF0D-F80C-4E3D-B023-96E25AE36B02 (Figures 2–4) Diagnosis — Adult. Body size: 614–630 × 348–357. Body with sparse tuberculate cerotegument; ornamentation and sculpturing absent. Rostral, lamellar and interlamellar setae and exobothridial seta ex 1 setiform, roughened; in longest, ro and le of medium length, ex 1 shortest. Notogaster with four longitudinal ridges. Notogastral setae e 2 , h 1 , h 2 , and p 2 very long, setiform, with attenuate tip, barbed, other setae of medium length, setiform, barbed. Cheliceral seta cha spiniform, barbed apically, chb falciform. Epimeral setae 1a , 2a and 3a spiniform, barbed apically, others setiform, slightly barbed. Genital plate with nine or 10 pairs of setiform, roughened genital setae. Leg tarsi with three claws. Description of adult — Measurements – Body length: 614 ( holotype , female), 614–630 ( four paratypes , all females); body width: 348 ( holotype ), 348–357 ( four paratypes ). Integument ( Figs 4c, 4f ) – Body color light brown. Body surface densely porose and covered by gel-like and sparse tuberculate (diameter of tubercle up to 2) cerotegument. Prodorsum (Figs 2a, 4a, 4b) – Rostrum rounded. Lateral carina well-developed. Rostral (53–57), lamellar (53–57) and interlamellar (110–118) setae, and exobothridial seta ex 1 (20) setiform, roughened; exobothridial seta ex 2 represented by alveolus. Notogaster (Figs 2a, 2b, 4a, 4b) – Four longitudinal ridges; medial ridges bifurcate d – leg I, without trochanter, right, ventroantiaxial view; e – leg II, without trochanter and tarsus, right, ventroantiaxial view; f – leg III, without tarsus, left, antiaxial view; g – leg IV, left, antiaxial view. Scale bar 20 μm (a, c), 10 μm (b), 50 μm (d-g).

Figure 2 Tyrphonothrus nivnu n. sp. , adult: a – dorsal view (legs omitted); b – ventral view (legs omitted). Scale bar 100 μm.
posteriorly. Notogastral setae e 2, h 1, h 2, and p 2 (86–94) setiform, with attenuate tip, barbed, other setae (49–53) setiform, barbed. Setae p 2 and p 3 distant from each other. All notogastral lyrifissures ( ia , im , ih , and ip ) distinct.
Gnathosoma (Figs 3a-c) – Subcapitulum size: 106–114 × 82–86. Subcapitular setae ( a ,
26–28; m , 12–14; h , 14–16) setiform, slightly barbed; m thinnest. Three pairs of adoral setae
(8) setiform, thin, smooth. Palp (41–45) with setation 0-0-1-3-9(+ω); solenidion thickened,
rounded apically. Postpalpal seta (10) rod-like, slightly barbed. Chelicera (98–102) with
two setae; cha (4) spiniform, barbed apically, chb (16) falciform, dorsally slightly barbed.
Trägårdh’s organ not observed.
Epimeral and lateral podosomal regions (Figs 2b, 4e) – Epimeral setal formula: 3-1-3-3.
Epimeral setae 1a , 2a and 3a (4) spiniform, barbed apically; 1c , 4b (20) and 1b , 3b , 3c , 4a , 4c
(28–32) setiform, slightly barbed.
Anogenital region (Figs 2b, 4g, 4h) – Nine or 10 pairs of genital (57–61) and one pair of

Figure 3 Tyrphonothrus nivnu n. sp. , adult: a – subcapitulum, ventral view; b – palp, right, antiaxial view; c – chelicera, right, antiaxial view; Figure 4 Tyrphonothrus nivnu n. sp. , adult, SEM micrographs (a-d) and microscope images (e-i): a – dorsal view; b – lateral view; c – tuberculate notogastral cerotegument; d – claws of leg tarsus I; e – epimeral setae 3a and 3b ; f – epimeral integument (deep focus); g, h – genital plates (superficial and deep focus, respectively); i – claws of leg tarsus III. Scale bar 200 μm (a, b), 10 μm (c), 50 μm (d); images without scale bar. Table 1 Leg setation and solenidia of adult Tyrphonothrus nivnu n. sp.

Leg	Tr	Fe	Ge	Ti	Ta
I	v’	d, (l), bv”, v”	(l), v’, d σ	(l), v’, d φ	(ft), (tc), (p), (u), (a), ɛ, ω1, ω2, ω3
II	v’	d, (l), bv”, v”	(l), d σ	(l), v’, d φ	(ft), (tc), (p), (u), (a), ω
III	l’, v’	d, l’, ev’	d	v’, d φ	(ft), (tc), (p), (u), (a)
IV	v’	d, ev’	d	d, v’	ft”, (tc), (p), (u), s , (pv)

Note: Roman letters refer to normal setae (except ɛ = famulus); Greek letters refer to solenidia. Single quotation mark ( ’ ) marks setae on the anterior and double quotation mark ( ” ) setae on the posterior side of a given leg segment; d φ and d σ – seta and solenidion coupled; parentheses refer to a pair of setae. anal (20) setae developed, setiform, roughened; all genital seta directed backwards. Three pairs of adanal setae (49–53) setiform, barbed. Adanal lyrifissure distinct, anal lyrifissure not observed. Legs ( Figs 3 d-g, 4b, 4d, 4i) – Heterotridactylous; claws mediodistally with slight longitudinal stria, dorsally slightly and rarely barbed. Formulas of leg setation and solenidia: I (1–5–4–4–11) [1–1–3], II (1–5–3–4–10) [1–1–1], III (2–3–1–2–10) [0–1–0], IV (1–2–1–2–10) [0–0–0]; homology of setae and solenidia indicated in Table 1 . All solenidia thickened, rounded apically. Material examined — Holotype (female) and four paratypes (all females): 2018.7.21 , Chiayi County , Zhuqi Township, Shizhuo, 1528 m a.s.l., soil, 23°29.232 ′ N , 120°42.221 ′ E , collected by H.C. Liao. Type deposition — The holotype is deposited in the collection of the NTU; four paratypes are deposited in the collection of the TSUMZ . Etymology — The species name nivnu refers to Nivnu, Goddess of Taiwan indigenous people Cou, who is the creator of the universe, heaven and earth, in the Cou’s legend. Remarks —In general morphological traits (notogastral ridges developed; tridactylous legs; notogastral setae e 2 , h 1 , h 2 , and p 2 long, setiform, with attenuate tip, other setae of medium length, setiform; high number of genital setae; absence of notogastral ornamentation; and comparatively large body size), the new species is morphologically most similar to Tyrphonothrus altissimus ( Piffl, 1971 ) from Nepal , T. cajamarcensis ( Hammer, 1961 ) from Peru and North India and T. wallworki ( Starý and Block, 1995 ) from the South Georgia Islands, however it differs from these listed species by the barbed notogastral setae (versus smooth) and comparatively long ( c 1 about 4/5 length of distance c 1 – d 1 ) notogastral setae c 1 , c 2 , c 3 , and e 1 (versus short, c 1 about 1/2 length of distance c 1 – d 1 ).