Systematic review and cladistic analysis of the genus Eusarcus Perty 1833 (Arachnida, Opiliones, Gonyleptidae) 2698
Author
Hara, Marcos Ryotaro
Author
Pinto-Da-Rocha, Ricardo
text
Zootaxa
2010
2010-12-03
2698
1
136
journal article
11755334
Eusarcus aduncus
(Mello-Leitão)
(
Figs. 3
,
40C,D
,
49B
)
Enantiocentron aduncum
Mello-Leitão 1942: 7
, fig. 5. (ma
lectotype
, 2 ma, 6 fe
paralectotypes
, here designated; “Colatina,
Espírito Santo
;
E. May
&
M. Rosa
leg.; MNRJ 58207*”; examined, strongly damaged). * Not MNRJ 55093, as stated in original description.
Eusarcus aduncus
: B.
Soares 1943a: 206
(dist), 207 (syst); 1944c: 144 (cit.), 145 (dist);
Mello-Leitão 1945: 153
(cat), 157 (key), fig. 6; B.
Soares 1945c: 374
(cat); 1946: 519 (cat);
Soares & Soares 1954b: 258
(cat); 1974: 609 (cit);
Trajano & Gnaspini-Netto 1991: 386
(dist);
Gnaspini & Trajano 1994: 551
(dist);
Pinto-da-Rocha 1995: 82
(dist);
Kury 2003a: 168
(cat).
Material examined
:
BRAZIL
.
Espírito Santo
:
Colatina, M. Rosa
leg., without date, ma
lectotype
of
Enantiocentron aduncum
(
MNRJ
58207a); idem, 2 ma & 6 fe
paralectotypes
of
Enantiocentron aduncum
(
MNRJ
58207).
Bahia
: Carinhanha (Serra do Ramalho, Gruta do André), R.L.C. Baptista leg.,
vi.2001
, 1 ma & 2 fe (
MNRJ
4639); idem (Serra do Ramalho, Lapa do Boqueirão),
29.vi.2001
, 4 ma, 3 fe & 2 im (
MNRJ
4637); Itagibá (Fazenda Pedra Branca), J. Jim leg.,
05.i.1970
, 2 ma (
HEMS
446); idem,
13.i.1972
, 3 ma & 1 fe (
HEMS
484); idem, Jim, Carvalho, Mioni & Caramaschi leg.,
23.i.1975
, 1 fe (
MNRJ
4530); idem, U. Caramaschi, C.M. Carvalho, S.R. Mioni & J. Jim leg.,
23.i.1975
, 1 ma & 2 fe (
MNRJ
16129); Una (Reserva Biológica do Una,
15º 10´S
39º 03´W
), A.D. Brescovit
et al
. leg.,
13–16.iv.1998
, 1 ma (
IBSP
2311).
Goiás
: Corumbá, F. Lane leg.,
vi.1942
, 1 ma & 1 fe (
MZSP
234); idem,
14.vi.1942
, 3 ma (
MZSP
235); Itaberaí (Gruta Bela Vista 2), P. Gnaspini
et al
. leg.,
24.ii.1998
, 1 ma (
MZSP
21661); Mambaí (Gruta Meândrica), J. Motta leg.,
31.vii.2001
, 2 ma (
MNRJ
11401).
Distrito Federal
: (R.E. IBGE, km 251), without name of collector,
12.x.1988
, 1 ma & 1 fe (
MNRJ
4414); idem,
19.x.1988
, 1 ma & 1 fe (
MNRJ
17695); Brasília, H.S. Lopes leg.,
xii.1961
, 1 ma (
HEMS
339); idem, A. Correa leg.,
i.1967
, 1 ma (
HEMS
360); idem (Fazenda Água Limpa), A.B. Kury leg.,
22.v.1998
, 1 ma & 1 fe (
MNRJ
5616); Brazlândia (APA Cafuringa, Fazenda Pontal dos Angicos, Gruta Labirinto da Lama), without name of collector,
20.i.2003
, 1 ma & 1 fe (
UNB
); idem,
29.i.2003
, 1 fe & 1 im (
UNB
); idem (APA de Cafuringa, Fazenda Santa Sara, Gruta Sal Fenda), without name of collector,
20.xii.2002
, 3 ma (
UNB
); idem,
30.i.2004
, 1 fe (
UNB
); idem,
17.i.2005
, 1 fe (
UNB
).
Minas Gerais
: Itacarambi (Gruta Olhos D'Água), without name of collector,
iv.1985
, 1 ma (
HEMS
875); idem, E. Trajano leg.,
15.ix.1994
, 1 fe (
MZSP
18267).
Espírito Santo
: Barra do São Francisco (Córrego do Itá), W. Zikán leg.,
x–xi.1956
, 4 ma, 5 fe & 1 im (HEMS 340a); idem, 1 ma (HEMS 340b);
Colatina, J. Schubart
leg., 1944, 1 ma (
MZSP
1723); idem (Rio São José), Soares leg.,
ix.1942
, 7 ma & 4 fe (
MZSP
244); idem, 1942, 1 ma (
MZSP
552); Linhares (Refúgio Sooretama), Schubart leg.,
12.x.1944
, 1 fe (
HEMS
1009); idem, without name of collector,
i.1979
, 2 ma (
MNRJ
17694).
Diagnosis:
E
.
aduncus
resembles
E
.
berlae
,
E
.
elinae
,
E
.
fulvus
,
E
.
signatus
,
E
.
sooretamae
,
E
.
cavernicola
,
E
.
mirabilis
and
E
.
sergipanus
because of the conical prolateral median apophysis on the male trochanter IV, and can be distinguished by: The presence of PAM; large median spine of scutal area III; basitarsus I not elongated; prolateral apical apophysis of coxa IV without projections on retrolateral margin; femur IV not longer than 1.5 times dorsal scutum length; ocularium without median apophysis, unarmed or with a pair of large tubercles.
Redescription:
Male
(MZSP 234): Dorsum (
Fig. 3A,B
): Measurements: SL 3.85; SMW 3.40; femur I 2.25; II 4.40; III 3.30; IV 4.15. Median paracheliceral projection smaller than PAM. Ocularium far from anterior scutal margin; with 10 tubercles. Carapace with 37 scattered tubercles. Scutal area I with 25–26 scattered tubercles on each side; II with 59; III with 69 and a long median spine curved backwards, surpassing posterior margin of dorsal scutum; IV with 38 tubercles. Posterior margin of dorsal scutum and free tergites I– III with a row of 17, 18, 16, 11 tubercles, respectively. Anal operculum with 38 tubercles.
FIGURE 3.
Eusarcus aduncus
(Mello-Leitão)
. Male (MZSP 234): A, habitus, dorsal view; B, dorsal scutum, right lateral view; C, right coxa and trochanter IV, posterior view (in part); D, right trochanter and femur IV, prolateral view; E, idem, dorsal view; F, idem, ventral view; G, right femur III, dorsal view; H, idem, ventral view. Scale bars, 1 mm.
Venter: Coxa I with 27–36 tubercles, median and distal ones largest; II with 45–48, retrolateral ones smallest; III–IV irregularly tuberculate.
Chelicera: Segment I with 4–5 tubercles.
Pedipalpus: Trochanter dorsally inflated, with 4–6 tubercles. Femur dorsally with scattered tubercles; ventrally with 1 large basal tubercle, 4–5 small aligned tubercles. Tibial setation: Prolateral and retrolateral IiIi. Tarsal setation: Prolateral IIi, retrolateral IiIi.
Legs (
Fig. 3C–H
): Coxa II with 6 tubercles on retrolateral margin; IV densely tuberculate, surpassing dorsal scutum in dorsal view only apically, with 1 oblique prolateral apical apophysis, this conical, short, curved posteriad and slightly ventrad. Trochanters I–IV with scattered tubercles; I–II with retrolateral ones large; I with 1 large ventro-basal tubercle; IV prolaterally with 1 median apophysis, this conical, sinuous, curved dorsad; retrolaterally with 1 large median tubercle. Femur I with reduced or small PDS, reduced RDS, ventrally with 2 rows of slightly enlarged tubercles; II with small PDS, RDS; III sinuous, reduced PDS, small RDS; ventrally with 2 rows of slightly enlarged tubercles, prolateral row with 3 large tubercles; IV sinuous, with small PDS, RDS; ventrally with slightly enlarged tubercles in distal third. Metatarsus I with 2 ventroapical setae. Tarsal segmentation: 6, 9–10, 6, 6.
Penis (
Fig. 40C,D
): Stylus with medio-ventral trichomes and angular medio-ventral projection. Ventral process of glans curved, with apex blunt. Ventral plate with slightly convex sides, with 3 pairs of long, curved distal setae; 1 pair of short, straight median setae; 4 pairs of basal setae very close to each other.
Coloration: Yellowish brown; dark brown on body margin and appendages. Light brown in distal third of metatarsi and tarsi.
Female
(
paralectotype
; MNRJ 58207): Dorsum: Measurements: SL 4.50; SMW 3.80; femur I 2.15; II 4.15; III 3.10; IV 4.15. Median paracheliceral projection larger than PAM. Scutal area III with median spine curved back and upwards, reaching groove V, not surpassing posterior margin of dorsal scutum. Pedipalpus: Tibial setation: Prolateral Iii, retrolateral IiIi. Legs: Coxa IV densely tuberculate, with 1 oblique prolateral apical apophysis, this conical, short, curved posteriad and slightly ventrad. Trochanter IV with scattered tubercles, retrolaterally with 1 large median tubercle and 1 apical apophysis, this conical, short, blunt. Femur III ventrally with two irregular rows of tubercles increasing in size distally, prolateral ones enlarged; small, blunt PVS; IV ventrally with two irregular rows of tubercles, retrolateral ones smaller, prolateral ones slightly increasing in size distally; 2 large apical tubercles. Coloration: Brown; dark brown on free tergites and coxae of legs. Light brown on apex of metatarsi and tarsi of legs III–IV.
Variation in males
(n=6): Measurements: SL 3.85–5.50; SMW 3.40–5.20; femur I 2.25–2.80; II 4.40– 6.40; III 3.30–4.60; IV 4.15–6.00. Ocularium with 1 pair of larger tubercles or unarmed. Median spine of scutal area III long, surpassing posterior margin of dorsal scutum or reaching groove V. Pedipalpus: Tibial setation: Prolateral and retrolateral IiIi/IIi. Femur II with reduced or small PDS, RDS; III with reduced or small PDS, small or medium RDS. Tarsal segmentation: 6–7, 9–12(3–4), 6, 6.
Variation in females
(n=6): Measurements: SL 3.60–4.50; SMW 3.00–3.80; femur I 1.90–2.50; II 3.50– 4.90; III 2.70–3.70; IV 3.50–4.90. Ocularium unarmed or with 1 pair of large tubercles. Pedipalpus: Tibial setation: Prolateral IiIi/IIi/Iii, retrolateral IiiIi/IiIi/IIi. Femur III with reduced or small PDS, RDS. Tarsal segmentation: 6, 8–10, 6, 6.
Type
locality:
Brazil
,
Espírito Santo
,
Colatina
.
Geographical distribution
(
Fig. 49B
):
Central to SE
Brazil
.
Bahia
,
Goiás
,
Distrito Federal
,
Minas Gerais
,
Espírito Santo
.