<document ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5254.2.2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7727356" ID-ZooBank="413FCD68-A4B1-4EA0-A58F-63C9993AC08F" approvalRequired="6" approvalRequired_for_textStreams="4" approvalRequired_for_treatments="2" checkinTime="1678695365183" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Soares, Matheus M. M., Capellari, Renato S. &amp; Ale-Rocha, Rosaly" docDate="2023" docId="03D787AAB664FFA8FF2AFCB0FE0AFA8E" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5254.2.2.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5254 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5254.2.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Hercostomus petulans Parent 1939" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="183" masterDocId="FFEEFFD2B666FFAAFFBDFFE2FFE3FFD0" masterDocTitle="New or little-known Neotropical Dolichopodidae (Diptera) (II): genus Hercostomus Loew excluded from the Neotropics" masterLastPageNumber="208" masterPageNumber="181" pageNumber="183" updateTime="1678695894804" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title>New or little-known Neotropical Dolichopodidae (Diptera) (II): genus Hercostomus Loew excluded from the Neotropics</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Soares, Matheus M. M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-2355-1441</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Graduate Program in Entomology (PPG-Ent), Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia (INPA). &amp; matheusmmsoares @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2355 - 1441</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">matheusmmsoares@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Capellari, Renato S.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0002-8410-9235</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Campus Uberaba, Rua João Batista Ribeiro 4000, Distrito Industrial II, Uberaba, Minas Gerais 38064 - 790, Brazil. &amp; rscapellari @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 8410 - 9235</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">rscapellari@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Ale-Rocha, Rosaly</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">0000-0001-9874-9770</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Coordenação de Biodiversidade (COBIO, INPA), Av. André Araújo, 2936, Petrópolis, CEP 69067 - 375, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. &amp; alerocha @ inpa. gov. br; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 9874 - 9770</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">alerocha@inpa.gov.br</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-10</mods:number>
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<mods:number>5254</mods:number>
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<mods:start>181</mods:start>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[151,777,849,876]" box="[151,777,849,876]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<heading bold="true" box="[151,777,849,876]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" reason="1">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,777,849,876]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="6LS4F" authority="Parent, 1939" authorityName="Parent" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,586,849,876]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petulans">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,421,849,876]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Hercostomus petulans</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Parent, O." box="[428,586,849,875]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" pagination="140 - 151" refId="ref17190" refString="Parent, O. (1939) Quelques Dipteres Dolichopodides de la region neotropicale. Arbeiten ¸ ber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie, 6, 140 - 151." type="journal article" year="1939">Parent, 1939</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" box="[593,777,849,876]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">nomen dubium</emphasis>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1100,918,942]" box="[151,1100,918,942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[151,1100,918,942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<treatmentCitation author="Parent, O." box="[151,564,918,942]" page="147" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" year="1939">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="6LS4F" authority="Parent, 1939: 147" authorityName="Parent" authorityPageNumber="147" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,564,918,942]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petulans">
<emphasis box="[151,376,918,942]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Hercostomus petulans</emphasis>
<materialsCitation box="[382,564,918,942]" country="Costa Rica" location="Hamburg Farm" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" specimenCount="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Parent, O." box="[382,564,918,942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" pagination="140 - 151" refId="ref17190" refString="Parent, O. (1939) Quelques Dipteres Dolichopodides de la region neotropicale. Arbeiten ¸ ber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie, 6, 140 - 151." type="journal article" year="1939">Parent, 1939: 147</bibRefCitation>
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, figs 8–9. 
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locality: 
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, 
<collectingCountry box="[983,1097,918,942]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="183" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="2.[151,1436,988,1374]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[151,267,988,1014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Remarks.</emphasis>
According to the original description, 
<bibRefCitation author="Parent, O." box="[694,846,988,1015]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" pagination="140 - 151" refId="ref17190" refString="Parent, O. (1939) Quelques Dipteres Dolichopodides de la region neotropicale. Arbeiten ¸ ber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie, 6, 140 - 151." type="journal article" year="1939">Parent (1939)</bibRefCitation>
stated that the 
<typeStatus box="[1011,1109,988,1014]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">holotype</typeStatus>
of this species was originally housed at the Zoological Museum of 
<collectingRegion box="[584,689,1024,1050]" country="Germany" name="Hamburg" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Hamburg</collectingRegion>
(now Zoologisches Institut und Zoologisches Museum, ZMUH), but we were not able to locate the type (Martin Husemann, pers. comm.). Nevertheless part of the 
<collectingRegion box="[1264,1369,1060,1086]" country="Germany" name="Hamburg" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Hamburg</collectingRegion>
types designated by 
<bibRefCitation author="Parent, O." box="[311,457,1096,1123]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" pagination="155 - 198" refId="ref17041" refString="Parent, O. (1928) Etude sur les Dipteres Dolichopodides exotiques conserves au Zoologisches Staatsinstitut und Zoologisches Museum de Hambourg. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Staatsinstitut und Zoologischen Museum in Hamburg, 43, 155 - 198." type="journal article" year="1928">Parent (1928</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation author="Parent, O." box="[467,524,1096,1122]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" pagination="140 - 151" refId="ref17190" refString="Parent, O. (1939) Quelques Dipteres Dolichopodides de la region neotropicale. Arbeiten ¸ ber morphologische und taxonomische Entomologie, 6, 140 - 151." type="journal article" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
) and supposedly lost during the WWII fire are actually housed at the Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut (SDEI, M̧ncheberg) (
<bibRefCitation author="Rohlfein, K. &amp; Ewald, B." box="[821,1102,1132,1158]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" pagination="201 - 247" refId="ref17448" refString="Rohlfein, K. &amp; Ewald, B. (1979) Katalog der in den Sammlungen der Abteilung Taxonomie der Insekten des Instituts f ¸ r Pflanzenschutzforschung, Bereich Eberswalde (ehemals Deutsches Entomologisches Institut), aufbewahrten Typen-XVIII. (Diptera: Brachycera). Beitrage zur Entomologie, 29, 201 - 247." type="journal article" year="1979">Rohlfein &amp; Ewald 1979</bibRefCitation>
). Unfortunately, the 
<typeStatus box="[1338,1436,1132,1158]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">holotype</typeStatus>
of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parent" authorityYear="1939" box="[183,314,1168,1194]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petulans">
<emphasis box="[183,314,1168,1194]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">H. petulans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
could not be found among the SDEI holdings (F. Menzel, pers. comm.) and should be considered as lost. Based on the wing venation, brownish wing membrane, and very narrow face, 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parent" authorityYear="1939" box="[1132,1262,1204,1230]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petulans">
<emphasis box="[1132,1262,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">H. petulans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is superficially similar to 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parent" authorityYear="1930" box="[263,575,1240,1266]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="problematicus">
<emphasis box="[263,575,1240,1266]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Hercostomus problematicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, redescribed below, and with some undescribed South American species with narrow face (S. Brooks pers. comm.). Thus, without analyzing the 
<typeStatus box="[906,1007,1276,1302]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">holotype</typeStatus>
, it is impossible to correctly associate 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Parent" authorityYear="1939" box="[151,280,1312,1339]" class="Insecta" family="Dolichopodidae" genus="Hercostomus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="petulans">
<emphasis box="[151,171,1313,1338]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">H</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis box="[185,280,1312,1338]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">petulans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with any of these species, hence we treat this name as a 
<emphasis box="[915,1080,1312,1338]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">nomen dubium</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[199,353,1348,1374]" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[359,485,1348,1374]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="2" pageNumber="183">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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