The Lower Pliocene marine gastropods of Santa Maria Island, Azores: Taxonomy and palaeobiogeographic implications Author Sacchetti, Claudia 0000-0002-3225-3139 claudiasacc@icloud.com Author Landau, Bernard 0000-0002-7768-8494 bernardmlandau@gmail.com Author Ávila, Sérgio P. 0000-0002-3225-3139 claudiasacc@icloud.com text Zootaxa 2023 2023-05-24 5295 1 1 150 http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5295.1.1 journal article 53396 10.11646/zootaxa.5295.1.1 82286fdc-a858-447c-9980-da2e8985d19c 1175-5326 7965273 F3A52660-70B8-439F-A7A0-F45ADC975EA5 Tritia serraticosta (Hörnes, 1852) Plate 5 B 1 -B 2 , C 1 -C 2 Buccinum serraticosta , Bronn 1831: 23 ( nomen nudum ). Buccinum pusillum Philippi 1844: 192 , pl. 27, fig. 15. * Buccinum serraticosta Bronn —Ĥrnes 1852: 147, pl. 12, fig. 15. Nassa serraticosta Bronn — Fontannes 1879: 65 , pl. 5, fig. 8. Nassa serraticosta Bronn — Bellardi 1882: 111 , pl. 7, fig. 11. Nassa subserraticosta Almera & Bofill 1898: 27 , pl. 1, fig. 10. Nassa ( Hima ) serraticosta Brn. sp.— Cerulli-Irelli 1911: 252 , pl. 23, figs. 36-40. Nassa ( Hima ) rozieri Peyrot 1925 , no. 916, pl. 3, figs. 31-33. Nassa serraticosta Bronn —Friedberg 1928: 584, pl. 38, fig. 1. Nassa serraticosta Bronn — Montanaro 1939: 136 , pl. 9, figs. 65-66. Nassa ( Hima ) serraticosta (Bronn) — Van Voorthuysen 1944: 96 , pl. 11, figs. 1-4. Nassa serraticosta (Bronn) — Sorgenfrei 1958: 212 , pl. 46, fig. 144. Hinia ( Uzita ) serraticosta (Bronn) —Beer-Bistricky 1958: 72, pl. 2, fig. 15. Nassa ( Hima ) serraticosta (Bronn) sp.—Ruggieri et al . 1959: 52, pl. 12, figs. 68-69. Hinia ( Uzita ) serraticosta (Bronn) — Venzo & Pelosio 1963: 104 , pl. 36, figs. 34-37. Nassa ( Tritia ) serraticosta Bronn, 1831 — Strausz 1966: 313 , pl. 37, figs. 14-17. Nassa serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Zelinskaya et al . 1968: 196 , pl. 46, fig. 22. Hinia serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Janssen 1972: 33 , pl. 6, fig. 7. Nassa ( Uzita ) serraticosta (Bronn) 1831 — Bohn-Havas 1973: 1056 , pl. 5, figs. 10, 11. Hinia ( Tritonella ) serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Malatesta 1974: 339 , pl. 27, fig. 4. Hinia ( Hinia ) serraticosta (Bronn), 1831 — Caprotti 1974: 28 , pl. 3, fig. 1. Hinia ( Tritonella ) serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Mostafavi 1978: 42 , pl. 3, fig. 4. Nassarius serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) —Martinell 1982: 86, pl. 2, figs. 9-10. Nassarius ( Uzita ) serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) —Atanackovic 1985: 155, pl. 34, figs. 19-20. Nassarius serraticosta (Bronn) — Martinell & Domenech 1985: 32 , pl. 4, fig. 3. Hinia ( Tritonella ) serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) —González Delgado 1989: 290, pl. 4, figs. 7, 8, 11. Nassarius serraticosta (Bronn, 1830[ sic ])— Gili 1991: 382 , pl. 26, figs. a-j. Nassarius ( Hima ) serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Cavallo & Repetto 1992: 110 , fig. 262. Nassarius ( Hinia ) serraticosta serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Iljina 1993: 93 , pl. 12, figs. 4, 5. Hinia ( Hinia ) serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Bałuk 1997: 10 , pl. 3, figs. 1-2. Nassarius ( Hima ) serraticosta Bronn, 1831 — Chirli 2000: 80 , pl. 31, figs. 9-11. Nassarius serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Wienrich 2001: 497 , pl. 79, fig. 13, pl. 103, fig. 2. Nassarius serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Silva 2001: 420 , pl. 16, figs. 11-12. Nassarius serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Harzhauser & Kowalke 2004: 23 , pl. 3, figs. 4-6, pl. 6, figs. 1-2. Nassarius ( Hima ) serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Chirli & Richard 2008: 46 , pl. 8, fig. 7. Nassarius serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Landau et al . 2009: 41 , pl. 8, figs. 8-11, pl. 19, fig. 2. Nassarius serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Landau et al . 2011: 26 , pl. 13, fig. 2. Nassarius serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Chirli & Linse 2011: 161 , pl. 54, fig. 5. Nassarius serraticosta (Hörnes, 1852) — Landau et al . 2013: 181 , pl. 27, fig. 5, pl. 66, fig. 1. Nassarius serraticosta ( Bronn, 1831 ) — Brunetti & Cresti 2018: 78 , fig. 293. Santa Maria material examined. Maximum height 8.1 mm, width 4.2 mm. DBUA-F 1292- A (1), DBUA-F 542- 3C (1), Ponta dos Frades; DBUA-F 1034-3 (4), Macela viewpoint, Santa Maria Island, Azores , Touril Complex, Lower Pliocene. Description. “ Shell small, robust. Protoconch dome-shaped, consisting of 3.5-4 smooth convex whorls (dp = 680-1030 μ, hp = 530-900 µ, dp/hp = 1.0-1.48, n = 50 μ, dV1 = 125 μ). Junction with teleoconch marked by the appearance of two or three opisthocyrt ribs. Four or five convex teleoconch whorls, with the periphery below mid-whorl. Suture impressed, undulating. Axial sculpture consisting of 10-12 prominent, elevated, rounded, orthocline ribs, about equal in width to their interspaces. The ribs at the suture are usually intercalated between the ribs on the preceding whorl. One or two ribs per whorl on later whorls are thickened into prominent varices. Spiral sculpture overrides the axial ribs, consisting of numerous, narrow flattened cords separated by very narrow incised grooves, seven to eight on the first teleoconch whorl, increasing abapically to 15-20 on the last whorl. Aperture small, ovate, outer lip rounded, strongly thickened by a prominent labral varix, 6-7 elongated denticles within; anal canal distinct, rounded; siphonal canal very short, open; Columella strongly concave, narrowly callused, with a parietal tooth. Siphonal fasciole with three to five narrow spiral cords .” ( Landau et al. 2009: 41 ). Discussion. As pointed out by Landau et al . (2013: 182) the authorship of this species should go to Ĥrnes (1852) and not Bronn (1831) , who only mentioned the species by name without giving any diagnosis or description, rendering his name a nomen nudum . The Azorean specimens show the typical protoconch and teleoconch characters for the species. For comparison with similar congeners, see Landau et al . (2009: 41) . In recent years, revisions of European nassariids have shown them to be of palaeobiogeographic importance, and most Nassarids have a much narrower geographic range than originally thought ( Gili 1991 ; Ģrs 2002; Wienrich 2001 ; Złotnik 2003 ; Harzhauser & Kowalke 2004 ; Landau et al . 2009 , 2015 ). In the Pliocene, Tritia serraticosta (Ĥrnes, 1852) is restricted to the tropical Pliocene Mediterranean-West African biogeographic Province. Distribution. Lower Miocene: northeastern Atlantic (Burdigalian), Aquitaine Basin, France (Peyrot 1925). Middle Miocene: North Sea Basin (late Burdigalian-Langhian), Netherlands (van Voorthuysen 1944 ), Germany ( Sorgenfrei 1958 ; A.W. Janssen 1972 ; Mostafavi 1978 ; Wienrich 2001 ); Proto-Mediterranean (Burdigalian-Langhian), Colli Torinesi, Italy ( Bellardi 1882 ); Paratethys (Langhian-Serravallian): Vienna Basin, Austria (Hörnes 1852; Beer-Bistricky 1958; Harzhauser & Kowalke 2004 ), Hungary ( Strausz 1966 ; Bohn-Hava 1973; Harzhauser & Kowalke, 2004 ), Poland (Friedber 1928; Bałuk 1997 ), Bosnia (Atanackovic 1985; Harzhauser & Kowalke 2004 ), eastern Paratethys ( Zelinskaya et al 1968 ; Iljina 1993 ); Proto-Mediterranean (Serravallian), Karaman Basin, Turkey ( Landau et al . 2013 ). Upper Miocene: Proto-Mediterranean (Tortonian and Messinian), Po Basin, Italy ( Bellardi 1882 ; Montanaro 1939 ; Venzo & Pelosio 1963 ). Lower Pliocene: Atlantic, Santa Maria Island, Azores (this paper), Guadalquivir Basin (González Delgado 1989; Landau et al . 2009 , 2011 ); western Mediterranean, NE Spain (Almera & Bofill 1898; Martinell 1982; Martinell & Domenéch 1985 ; Gili 1991 ), Roussillon Basin, France ( Fontannes 1879 ; Gili 1991 ); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Bellardi 1882 ; Caprotti 1974 ; Chirli 2000 ; Brunetti & Cresti 2018 ). Upper Pliocene: Atlantic, Mondego Basin, Portugal ( Silva 2001 ; Landau et al. 2009 ); western Mediterranean, Estepona Basin, Spain ( Landau et al . 2009 ), Alpes Maritimes, France ( Gili 1991 ; Chirli & Richard 2008 ); central Mediterranean, Italy ( Bellardi 1882 ; Ruggieri et al . 1959; Malatesta 1974 ; Cavallo & Repetto 1992 ). Lower Pleistocene: central Mediterranean, Italy ( Cerulli-Irelli 1911 ); eastern Mediterannean, Rhodes Island ( Chirli & Linse 2011 ).