The non-Siphonophoran Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Salento, Italy with notes on their life-cycles: an illustrated guide Author Gravili, Cinzia Author Vito, Doris De Author Camillo, Cristina Gioia Di Author Martell, Luis Author Piraino, Stefano Author Boero, Ferdinando text Zootaxa 2015 3908 1 1 187 journal article 42365 10.11646/zootaxa.3908.1.1 6f1d1977-6b97-4789-828c-76ed250cf1ae 1175-5326 242729 D6AD2B49-170B-4D9C-84AA-DBE0FEEAD8BE Liriope tetraphylla (Chamisso and Eysenhardt, 1821) Fig. 115 A, B FIGURE 115. Liriope tetraphylla : A , general view of adult medusa; B , terminal portion of a hollow perradial tentacle (redrawn and modified: A after Trègouboff & Rose 1957, B after Russell 1953 by A. Gennari). Scale bars: 1.0 cm. See Kramp (1961) for a complete synonymy. Material examined. HCUS-S 121 (Hydrozoa Collection, University of Salento—fauna of the Salento Peninsula). Description (after Mayer 1910 as L. exigua ; Kramp 1959 ; Pagès et al. 1992 ): Medusa. Umbrella hemispherical, 10–30 mm wide, apex somewhat flattened, mesoglea thick, rigid; manubrium small, on long, cylindrical gastric peduncle, longer than umbrella diameter; mouth with 4 simple lips boarded with cnidocysts; with normally 4 radial canals (sometimes more) and 1–7 centripetal canals between each pair of adjacent radial canals; gonads variable in shape and size, generally heart-shaped, on either side of the middle of radial canals; velum broad; with marginal cnidocyst ring; typically 4 long hollow perradial tentacles with cnidocyst rings and 4 small solid interradial tentacles with adaxial cnidocyst clusters; 8 statocysts. Colorless. Cnidome Atrichous haplonemes and microbasic euryteles. Seasonality January–December (see Bouillon et al . 2004); May–June ( Benović et al. 2005 ); January ( Touzri et al . 2010 ) in several localities of the Mediterranean Sea. Reproductive period. From January to December (see Russell 1953 ). Distribution. Common in temperate regions in all oceans, and in the Mediterranean Sea ( Russell 1953 ; Kramp 1959 , 1961 ; Medel & López-González 1996 ; Bouillon et al. 2004). Records in Salento. Common in the Gulf of Taranto ( Belmonte et al . 2001 ). References. Mayer (1910) as L. exigua ; Neppi (1912) , Neppi & Stiasny (1913) , Pell (1918) , Babnik (1948) all as L. eurybia ; Trégouboff & Rose (1957) , Kramp (1957 , 1961 ), Goy (1973) , Castello i Tortella (1986) , Gili (1986), Benović & Bender (1987), Brinckmann-Voss (1987) , Benović & Lučić (1996) , de Souza et al. (1996) , Medel & López-González (1996) , Mills et al. (1996) , Goy (1997) , Buecher & Gibbons (1999) , Belmonte et al. (2001) , Batistić et al. (2004 , 2007 ), Bouillon et al. (2004), Zakaria (2004) , Benović et al. (2005) , Touzri et al. (2010) .