Nine new Pristionchus (Nematoda: Diplogastridae) species from China
Author
Kanzaki, Natsumi
0000-0001-8752-1674
Author
Herrmann, Matthias
0000-0002-4801-2524
matthias.herrmann@tuebingen.mpg.de
Author
Weiler, Christian
Author
Röseler, Waltraud
Author
Theska, Tobias
0000-0002-0920-4427
Author
Berger, Jürgen
matthias.herrmann@tuebingen.mpg.de
Author
Rödelsperger, Christian
0000-0002-7905-9675
Author
Sommer, Ralf J.
0000-0003-1503-7749
ralf.sommer@tuebingen.mpg.de
text
Zootaxa
2021
2021-03-17
4943
1
1
66
journal article
7409
10.11646/zootaxa.4943.1.1
b58a6a37-ab8b-4edb-9391-e14ab1c36da5
1175-5326
4613161
A603FBF3-FB8D-4BB0-A738-1BD18B0FADAD
Pristionchus musae
n. sp.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
E015F8AB-4F6F-46B1-A96A-85F724C7448F
Etymology.
The species name is derived from the associated substrate from which the species was recovered. The strain was isolated from a rotting pseudostem of a plant of the banana family (
Musa
sp.) with soil material.
Measurements.
See
Table 4
Adult. General characters are as described above for the
triformis
-group.
Stenostomatous form. Cheilostom, gymnostom, pro-mesostegostom and telostegostom as described above. 12- plated form was not found during observation. Arrangement of tooth and denticles in metastegostom as described above; dorsal movable tooth triangular, anterior end slightly curved, tooth often directed anteriorly; left subventral ridge with three minute, blunt or pointed adventitious denticles on a plate; right subventral ridge with three distal rounded or blunt adventitious denticles. Whole stoma including the tooth and denticles is narrow and more pointed in males.
Eurystomatous form. Cheilostom as described above, anterior half of each cheilostomal plate often split into two tips to form 12-flapped form. Six-flapped form (without split cheilostomal plate) rare. Gymnostom in both
types
1 and 2 short and thick, forming cuticular ring. Pro-mesostegostom well-developed, internally overlapping with posterior end of gymnostom;
type
1 form short, somewhat flattened and bearing weak serrates at anterior end;
type
2 with small spines sparsely on inner surface. Arrangement of tooth and denticles in metastegostom as described above; dorsal movable tooth claw-like as typical of the genus; left subventral ridge with three large plates, each often has split tips and extra denticles on middle forming spiny plate; right subventral movable tooth claw-like and often bears extra peak on the ventral side. Telostegostom as described above.
FIGURE 25.
Pristionchus musae
n. sp.
A: Right lateral view of adult female. B: Right lateral view of adult male. C: Anterior part of adult female in left lateral view. D: Body surface structure of deirid and postdeirid region showing the relative position of deirid and postdeirid where ‘d’ and ‘v’ indicates dorsal and ventral sides, respectively. E: Ventral view of secretory-excretory pore opening. F: Left lateral view of male head region showing labial sensilla, cephalic papillae and amphid. G, H: Stomal region of adult female in left lateral (G) and right lateral (H) view. I, J: Stomal region of eurystomatous female with pro-mesostegostomatal spines (type 2) in left (I) and right (J) lateral view. K, L: Stomal region of eurystomatous female with pro-mesostegostomatal serrates (type 1) in left (K) and right (L) lateral view. Morphological variations of teeth and ridges are separately drawn in each subfigure as dorsal (left) and right subventral ridge (right) (G), left subventral ridge (left) and dorsal tooth (middle and right) (H), right subventral tooth (left), left subventral ridge (middle) and dorsal tooth (right) (I), dorsal (left and middle) and right subventral (right) teeth (J), left subventral ridge (left) and dorsal tooth (middle and right) (K), and dorsal (left and middle) and right subventral (right) teeth (L). M: Anterior female gonad in right lateral view. N: Vulval region in ventral view. O, P: Female tail in right lateral (O) and ventral (P) view. Q, R: Male tail in ventral (Q) and right lateral (R) view. S: Spicule and gubernaculum in right lateral view.
FIGURE 26.
Stomal region of
Pristionchus musae
n. sp.
A: Left lateral view of stenostomatous form in four different focal planes. B: Right lateral view of stenostomatous form in two different focal planes. C: Left lateral view of type 1 eurystomatous form in four different focal planes. D: Right lateral view of type 1 eurystomatous form.
FIGURE 27.
Male tail characters of
Pristionchus musae
n. sp.
Left lateral view of whole tail in three different focal planes and spicule and gubernaculum two different focal planes. Genital papillae are labelled using the terminology of
Sudhaus & Fürst von Lieven (2003)
, and laterally located papillae are indicated with “d”.
FIGURE 28.
Scanning electron photomicrograph of vulval opening region of
Pristionchus musae
n. sp.
Male. Paired papillae and phasmid are arranged as <v1, v2d, v3, co, v4, ad, (ph, v5, v6, v7, pd)>, where v1 located about 1 CBD anterior to co; v2d less than 1/5 CBD anterior to co; v3 adcloacal; v4 at 1/3 CBD posterior to co,
i.e.
, v2d, v3, co and v4 are close to each other; ad about 1 CBD posterior to co; ph at 2/3 way from ad and the root of tail spike; v5–v7 forming triplet, just posterior to ph; and pd around level of v7,
i.e.
, ph, triplet papillae and pd are very close to each other. v1, v3, v4 and ph subventral, v2d and ad lateral, v5–7 ventral, pd subdorsal in male tail. General shape of spicule and gubernaculum as described above.
Female. Gonadal characters of female as described above. Tail elongate conoid with slightly filiform terminus,
i.e.
, the posterior half of tail is more elongated compared with anterior part. Phasmid ventro-laterally located at about 1.5 ABD posterior to anal opening.
Diagnosis and relationships.
Pristionchus musae
n. sp.
is characterized by the slightly anteriorly curved triangular dorsal tooth and the right and left subventral ridges with three denticles of stenostomatous form, right subventral stegostomal tooth which often has blunt peak on the ventral side in eurystomatous form, sparsely serrated pro-mesostegostomal wall in
type
2 eurystomatous form, the arrangement of male genital papillae, <v1, v2d, v3, co, v4, ad, (ph, v5, v6, v7, pd)> where v2d, v3, co and v4 and ph, v5, v6, v7, pd are close to each other, respectively, and a long spike of male tail.
Pristionchus musae
n. sp.
is typologically close to
P. hoplostomus
. The new species and
P. hoplostomus
share a triangular and pointed dorsal tooth in stenostomatous form, right subventral tooth in eurystomatous form, often have an extra peak on its ventral side, and the arrangement of genital papillae, closely located v2d, v3, co and v4. The new species is distinguished from
P. hoplostomus
by the absence
vs.
presence of 12-plated stenostomatous form, and dorsal tooth of stenostomatous form,
i.e.
, the tooth is somewhat larger and more anteriorly directed in
P. hoplostomus
than
P. musae
n. sp.
Further, the new species is distinguished from all other species by mating experiments and also characterized by a
ca.
1,600-bp fragment of the SSU rRNA gene (GenBank accession number
MW017220
), the sequence of which is distinct from that of all other
Pristionchus
species.
TABLE 4.
|
P. magnoliae
(RS5999)
|
P. musae
(RS5987)
|
| character |
stenostomatous male
|
stenostomatous female
|
stenostomatous male
|
stenostomatous female
|
| n |
5 |
5 |
5 |
5 |
| L |
852 ± 20.4 (822-877) |
1011 ± 89.3 (922-1111) |
853 ± 77.4 (749-949) |
1015 ± 84.7 (940-1120) |
| L’ |
689 ± 12.9 (674-708) |
778 ± 77.8 (708-879) |
688 ± 65.2 (605-762) |
787 ± 59.5 (712-849) |
| a |
14 ± 0.9 (14-16) |
13 ± 0.8 (13-14) |
16 ± 1.4 (14-18) |
16 ± 1.1 (15-18) |
| b |
6.4 ± 0.2 (6.2-6.8) |
6.8 ± 0.3 (6.4-7.2) |
5.9 ± 0.5 (5.3-6.6) |
6.4 ± 0.6 (5.6-7.3) |
| c |
5.2 ± 0.4 (4.8-5.7) |
4.4 ± 0.4 (4.0-4.9) |
5.2 ± 0.3 (4.7-5.6) |
4.5 ± 0.4 (4.1-5.0) |
| c’ |
4.7 ± 0.7 (3.8-5.6) |
7.4 ± 1.2 (6.3-9.2) |
4.8 ± 0.5 (4.2-5.3) |
7.0 ± 1.0 (5.9-8.1) |
| ant. stoma length (cheilo- + gymnostom) |
7.3 ± 0.4 (6.8-7.7) |
8.4 ± 0.9 (7.4-9.3) |
7.8 ± 0.8 (6.9-8.4) |
8.7 ± 0.5 (8.0-9.4) |
| total stoma length |
11.5 ± 0.3 (11.0-11.8) |
14.1 ± 0.4 (13.5-14.6) |
12.3 ± 0.7 (11.8-13.4) |
13.8 ± 0.7 (12.8-14.5) |
| stoma width |
6.8 ± 0.3 (6.4-7.1) |
7.3 ± 0.5 (6.6-7.8) |
5.8 ± 0.4 (5.5-6.5) |
6.7 ± 0.7 (5.6-7.5) |
| ant. pharynx length (pro- + metacorpus) |
74 ± 2.7 (72-78) |
86 ± 6.7 (78-93) |
80 ± 7.6 (74-93) |
92 ± 4.6 (86-99) |
| post. pharynx length (isthmus + basal bulb) |
47 ± 2.0 (44-49) |
54 ± 3.8 (49-59) |
53 ± 2.8 (50-57) |
58 ± 3.3 (54-61) |
| total length pharynx |
121 ± 4.4 (117-127) |
140 ± 8.6 (129-150) |
132 ± 10.1 (125-150) |
149 ± 7.3 (140-160) |
| ant./total pharynx % |
61 ± 0.7 (60-62) |
61 ± 2.2 (58-64) |
60 ± 1.3 (59-62) |
61 ± 1.0 (60-63) |
| median bulb diameter |
22 ± 0.8 (21-23) |
28 ± 0.9 (26-28) |
23 ± 1.5 (22-25) |
27 ± 2.2 (23-29) |
| terminal bulb diameter |
19 ± 0.9 (18-20) |
24 ± 1.5 (23-26) |
19 ± 1.3 (18-21) |
23 ± 1.4 (21-24) |
| neck length (incl. stoma) |
132 ± 4.5 (128-139) |
148 ± 9.3 (136-159) |
145 ± 10.6 (137-163) |
158 ± 7.3 (149-168) |
| excretion pore |
134 ± 6.3 (129-142) |
149 ± 10.9 (131-157) |
141 ± 10.2 (127-154) |
149 ± 9.7 (135-159) |
| nerve ring |
95 ± 2.9 (91-98) |
111 ± 7.0 (104-120) |
107 ± 7.8 (99-119) |
119 ± 4.2 (114-125) |
| testis length |
475 ± 13.9 (459-495) |
- |
458 ± 61.8 (399-544) |
- |
| anterior gonad length |
- |
190 ± 34.2 (159-236) |
- |
195 ± 27.7 (174-241) |
| posterior gonad length |
- |
156 ± 18.7 (137-180) |
- |
142 ± 34.9 (104-194) |
| ant. end to vulva distance |
- |
459 ± 52.6 (410-530) |
- |
468 ± 33.8 (427-515) |
| vulva to anus distance |
- |
322 ± 28.0 (301-359) |
- |
323 ± 27.3 (289-361) |
| T or V |
56 ± 2.0 (52-58) |
45 ± 1.7 (44-48) |
54 ± 3.9 (50-60) |
46 ± 1.8 (43-48) |
| max. body diameter |
59 ± 2.6 (56-62) |
76 ± 2.8 (71-78) |
55 ± 6.6 (47-65) |
64 ± 7.2 (53-71) |
| cloacal or anal body diameter |
35 ± 3.0 (32-40) |
32 ± 2.4 (29-35) |
35 ± 2.5 (31-38) |
33 ± 2.4 (29-34) |
| tail length |
163 ± 14.3 (149-182) |
233 ± 23.7 (201-266) |
166 ± 16.3 (145-187) |
229 ± 32.5 (190-274) |
| spicule length (curve) |
44 ± 1.6 (42-45) |
- |
41 ± 2.1 (39-44) |
- |
| spicule length (chord) |
33 ± 2.5 (30-36) |
- |
33 ± 2 (30-35) |
- |
| gubernaculum length |
16 ± 0.8 (15-17) |
- |
15 ± 0.5 (14-15) |
- |
Type
host and locality.
Pugao Laozhai village
, close to road,
Yuanyang
,
Yunnan province
,
PRC
.
Type material and type strain.
Type strain RS5987 frozen at the nematode collection of the MPI Tübingen and available as living culture upon request. Voucher specimens sent to the following museums:
Holotype
male,
Paratype
male and female: Museum für
Naturkunde Karlsruhe
,
Germany
;
Paratype
male and female: Swedish Natural History Museum,
Stockholm
,
Sweden
;
Paratype
male and female:
University
of
California
in
Riverside Nematode Collection
(
UCRNC
),
Riverside
,
CA
,
USA
.