Systematic revision and total evidence phylogenetic analysis of the Andean family Metasarcidae Kury, 1994 (Opiliones: Laniatores), with description of two new genera and twenty new species Author Benedetti, Alipio Rezende Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal: 11.461, 05422 - 970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil & Instituto Federal de Minas Gerais, campus Sao Joao Evangelista, Av. Primeiro de Junho, 1043, Sao Joao Evangelista, MG, Brazil alipiobenedetti@gmail.com Author Pinto-da-Rocha, Ricardo https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3959-2205 Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociencias, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Caixa Postal: 11.461, 05422 - 970, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil text Arthropod Systematics & amp; Phylogeny 2022 2022-08-16 80 309 388 http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e73829 journal article http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/asp.80.e73829 1864-8312-80-309 D5C0468B99A14EF39237D9BC51A8BDA3 11907D1B6F665D96B5FD2F9751431366 3.43. Metasarcus clavifemur (Roewer, 1929) Figs 5D , 10E, F , 19D-F , 25C, D , 31 Chacoikeontus clavifemur Roewer, 1929: 279 (desc.), fig. 45; Soares et al. 1992 : 3 (cat.); Kury and Maury 1998 : 145 (cit.); Kury 2003 : 144 (cat.); Yamaguti and Pinto-da-Rocha 2009 : 321 (syst.); Kury & Villarreal, 2015: 4-5 (cit.), fig 7 (penis). Metasarcus clavifemur : Townsend et al. 2019 : 102 (cit), 105-106 (biol), fig. 2 (ovipositor). Redescription. MALE: Measurements ( n =5) DSW: 4.6-5.1 (5.0); DSL: 4.3-5.1 (5.1); CL: 1.7-2.0 (1.9). FIVL: 6.6-10.6 (10.6). ChL: 3.1-5.3. Coloration : (Fig. 25C ) Chelicerae reddish brown with black reticulate pattern. Pedipalpus and legs I-III reddish brown. Lateral and posterior margin of DS, free tergites I-III and other segments of legs, dark brown. Anterior margin of DS, carapace and areas I-IV, brown. Small males in a lighter brown tone. Dorsum : (Fig. 5D ) Kappa-type DSS, with almost straight posterior margin of DS; constriction I not so well marked, constriction II absent, mid-bulge slightly larger than carapace and coda undefined, coalescing with mid-bulge. Ocularium with small granules grouped together close to the eyes. Carapace irregularly granulate, with granules concentrating mainly on the anterior margin of DS, and the median elevation and behind the ocularium. DS with four well defined areas. Area I divided by the scutal grooves I and II; with five pairs of small tubercles. Area II moderately projected toward area I; with seven small tubercles. Area III with two spines, directed posteriorly; seven small tubercles. Area IV with six small tubercles. Lateral margins of DS with granules throughout their length. Posterior margin of DS and free tergites I-III with few granules distributed irregularly. Chelice-rae : (Fig. 5D ) Segment I with four basal tubercles of different sizes. Segment II with setiferous granules on the front surface; finger with three teeth more apical and a row of tiny denticles. Segment III with three apical teeth, a row of denticles and a large apical tooth, straight apex. Pedipalpus : Trochanter with a ventroapical setiferous tubercle. Femur with a ventral row of five spines, the most basal and more apical of which are smallest; granules scattered on prolateral surface. Patella with a proapical spine. Tibia: retrolateral iiIIi, prolateral IiIi. Tarsus: retrolateral iIiIi, prolateral IiIi. Venter : Coxa I with a median row of four setiferous tubercles. Coxae II-IV with sparse granules. Rows of tubercles between coxae II-III and III-IV. Smooth genital area. Free sternites with rows of setiferous granules. Anal operculum granulate. Legs : (Figs 5D , 10E, F ) Coxae I-II each with a prolateral and a retrolateral apophysis. Coxa III unarmed. Coxa IV unarmed, with granules along all extension. Trochanters I-III smooth and unarmed. Trochanter IV granular with a long retroapical spiniform apophysis and two small dorsoapical tubercles. Femora I-III unarmed and with few sparse granules. Femur IV swollen, with a retrobasal spiniform apophysis; a retrodorsal row of broad, conical tubercles, decreasing in size apically; a row of granules located prolaterally regarding retrodorsal row of tubercles along basal 1/2 ; a prolateral row of tubercles irregularly shaped along basal 1/2 ; a proventral row of small conical setiferous tubercles and a retroventral row of tiny granules. Patellae I-IV unarmed and with few granules in greater quantity in the patella IV. Tibiae I-III smooth and unarmed. Tibia IV with a retrolateral row of small tubercles. Tarsal segmentation: ( n =5) 7-8 (7), 12-13 (?), 9-10 (10), 10-11 (11). Penis : (Fig. 19D-F ) VP rectangular; distal margin slightly concave. MS C1-C3 apical long and straight; MS A1 sub basal long and straight (smaller than MS C); MS B1 basal short and straight; MS D1 short and conical, laterally placed, near MS C; MS E1 median short and straight, placed more ventrally than MS C and D. Lateral sacs long and apically tapered, with long T3-like microsetae, with short base. Stylus with broad apex, with apical projections. Dorsal process absent. Promontory convex. - FEMALE: Measurements ( n =7) DSW: 4.6-5.1; DSL: 4.0-5.0; CL: 1.5-1.9. FIVL: 8.3-9.6. ChL: 1.7-2.5. (Fig. 25D ) Chelicerae not swollen. Trochanter IV unarmed. Femur IV with a small tubercle rather than retroapical apophysis present in males; rows of tubercles and granules absent; longer relative length to that of DS than in male. Color similar to small males, in a lighter brown tone. Lateral and posterior margin of DS and free tergites lighter than larger males. Tarsal segmentation: ( n =7) 7, 12-14, 10-11, 11-12. Figure 27. Live specimens of Tschaidicancha . A T. joseochoai sp. nov. , male; B female; C T. chaplini sp. nov. , male; D female; E T. weyrauchi Roewer, 1957, male; F : female. Diagnosis. Differs from other species of the genus by having femur IV swollen and with a long retrobasal apophysis; trochanter IV with long retroapical spiniform apophysis (Fig. 10E, F ). Remarks. See the remarks on section 3.39 for an observation on the recent taxonomic history of the species. Considering that the type material is formed from syntypes, we chose the SMF specimen as the lectotype, in accordance with article 74 of the ICZN. The MNHN material is designated as a paralectotype. Distribution. (Fig. 31 ) BOLIVIA. La Paz. Coroico. La Paz. Yanacachi. Material examined. Type material : Lectotype ♂ , ' BOLIVIA , La Paz . Without date and collector data.' (SMF 1006 / SMF 1467/11); paralectotype ♂ , 'Without date and collector data.' (MNHN; male not examined) . Additional material : 1 ♂ , 2 ♀ ' BOLIVIA , La Paz , Road La Paz-Coroico , 16°12′57″S 67°49′24.7″W , 30/XI/2010 , R. Pinto-da-Rocha , A. Benedetti , J. Ochoa & A. Saravia leg. (CBF) ; 2 ♂ , 2 ♀ , 'ditto' (MZSP 36985). 1 ♂ , 1 ♀ ' BOLIVIA , La Paz , Yanacachi , 16°23′54.5″S 67°44′11.6″W , 12/XII/2010 , R. Pinto-da-Rocha , A. Benedetti & A. Saravia leg. (CBF) ; 1 ♂ , 2 ♀ , 'ditto' (MZSP 36986).